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16 results for “Sirex”
Fig. 2. Gompertz 3 in Seasonal phenology of Sirex nigricornis (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) in Arkansas with implications for management of Sirex noctilio
Fig. 2. Gompertz 3-parameter model fit to cumulative proportion of wood wasps captured in Arkansas, USA, from 3 Nov to 9 Dec 2009.
Fig. 1. Map showing all trapping sites from 2009 in Seasonal phenology of Sirex nigricornis (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) in Arkansas with implications for management of Sirex noctilio
Fig. 1. Map showing all trapping sites from 2009 to 2013 in Arkansas, USA. Legend indicates which sites were trapped during which years.
Fig. 6. Gompertz 3 in Seasonal phenology of Sirex nigricornis (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) in Arkansas with implications for management of Sirex noctilio
Fig. 6. Gompertz 3-parameter model fit to cumulative proportion of wood wasps captured in Arkansas, USA, from 3 Oct to 31 Dec 2013.
Data from: Mechanisms that influence sex ratio variation in the invasive hymenopteran Sirex noctilio in South Africa
Sirex noctilio is an economically important invasive pest of commercial pine forestry in the Southern Hemisphere. Newly established invasive populations of this woodwasp are characterised by highly male-biased sex ratios that subsequently revert to those seen in the native range. This trend was not observed in the population of S. noctilio from the summer rainfall regions in South Africa, which remained highly male-biased for almost a decade. The aim of this study was to determine the cause of this persistent male-bias. As explanation for this pattern we test hypotheses related to mating success, female investment in male versus female offspring and genetic diversity affecting diploid male production due to complementary sex determination. We found that 61% of females in a newly established S. noctilio population were mated. Microsatellite data analysis showed that populations of S. noctilio from the summer rainfall regions in South Africa are far less genetically diverse than those from the winter rainfall region, with mean Nei's unbiased gene diversity indexes of 0.056 and 0.273, respectively. These data also identified diploid males at low frequencies in both the winter (5%) and summer (2%) rainfall regions. The results suggest the presence of a complementary sex determination mechanism in S. noctilio, but imply that reduced genetic diversity is not the main driver of the male-bias observed in the summer rainfall region. Among all the factors considered, selective investment in sons appears to have the most significant influence on male-bias in S. noctilio populations. Why this investment remains different in frontier or early invasive populations is not clear but could be influenced by females laying unfertilized eggs to avoid diploid male production in populations with a high genetic relatedness.
Sea Ice Rheology Experiment (SIREx) - Model output data
<p>Sea-ice model output analyzed in the Sea Ice Rheology Experiment (SIREx) Part I and Part II. </p> <p>There is one netCDF file per model, per year (1997 and/or 2008). Each netCDF file contains daily output (as means or instantaneous values -- as indicated in the name) for January-February-March of the given year. Please see below for more information on what is included and how to cite. </p> <p> </p> <p><strong>1. Naming convention of the files</strong></p> <p>"Model simulation label" + _ + "year" + _ + "daily_means" OR "instant" </p> <p> </p> <p><strong>2. Variables included</strong></p> <ul> <li><em>U,V</em> : sea-ice velocity in the x,y directions (in m/s);</li> <li><em>A</em>: ice concentration per grid cell (0 -- 1);</li> <li><em>h</em>: mean ice thickness per grid cell (in m);</li> <li>Grid spacing information: centered on u-points (<em>DXU, DYU</em>), v-points (<em>DXV, DYV</em>), or t-points (<em>DXT, DYT</em>) (in m); </li> <li>Grid point coordinates: for u-points (<em>ULON, ULAT</em>), v-points (<em>VLON, VLA</em>T), or t-points (<em>TLON, TLAT</em>) (in degrees); </li> <li><em>maskT</em>: land mask at t-points (0/1 = ocean/land);</li> <li><em>time</em>: time axis (in days since 1901-01-01 00:00:00).</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p><strong>3. Recommended citation usage</strong></p> <p>If <em>all</em> simulations included in the current archive are used in a future study, we ask to cite this archive and the SIREx papers (Bouchat et al., 2022, Hutter et al., 2022 ). If only <em>selected </em>simulations are used, we ask to cite both this archive and the reference paper(s) applying to the selected simulation(s) (as stated indicated in Table 1 of the SIREx papers).</p>
Immature Sirex noctilio woodwasp size and sex dataset
<p>Resource quality can have direct or indirect effects on female oviposition choice, offspring growth and survival, and ultimately on body size and sex ratio. We examined these patterns in <i>Sirex noctilio </i>Fabricus<i>,</i> the globally invasive European pine woodwasp, in South African <i>Pinus patula</i> plantations. We studied how tree position as well as natural variation in biotic and abiotic factors influenced sex-specific density, larval size, tunnel length, male proportion, and survival across development. Twenty infested trees divided into top, middle, and bottom sections were sampled at three time points during larval development. We measured moisture content, bluestain fungal colonization, and co-occurring insect density and counted, measured, and sexed all immature wasps. A subset of larval tunnels was measured to assess tunnel length and resource use efficiency (tunnel length as a function of immature wasp size). Wasp density increased from the bottoms to the tops of trees for both males and females. However, the largest individuals and the longest tunnels were found in bottom sections. Male bias was strong (~10:1) and likewise differed among sections, with the highest proportion in the middle and top sections. Sex ratios became more strongly male biased due to high female mortality, especially in top and middle sections. Biotic and abiotic factors such as colonization by <i>Diplodia sapinea</i>, weevil (<i>Pissodes</i> sp.) density, and wood moisture explained modest residual variation in our primary mixed effects models (0-22%). These findings contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of sex-specific resource quality for <i>S. noctilio </i>and of how variation in key biotic and abiotic factors can influence body size, sex ratio, and survival in this economically important woodwasp.</p>
Immature Sirex noctilio woodwasp size and sex dataset
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Data from: Mechanisms that influence sex ratio variation in the invasive hymenopteran Sirex noctilio in South Africa
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UV-green dichromacy in the basal hymenoptera Sirex noctilio (Hymenoptera: Siricidae)
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>A precondition for colour vision is the presence of at least two spectral types of photoreceptors in the eye. In the Apocrita, trichromacy is the basal pattern. Most species possess three different photoreceptor types in their compound eyes, with peak sensitivities in the ultraviolet, blue and green range of the light spectrum, and the corresponding visual pigments, the opsins. Experimental studies in basal Hymenoptera report from one to four photoreceptors, but results remained inconclusive. To better understand the evolution of photoreceptor diversity in the Hymenoptera, we studied the global pine pest <i>Sirex noctilio</i> (Siricidae), which belongs to the superfamily Siricoidea, the closest sister group of Apocrita. Our aim was to i) characterise the visual opsins of <i>S. noctilio</i> by genomic comparisons and phylogenetic analyses of the opsin genes and ii) to identify the photoreceptor types of the compound eye by electroretinography. We identified three opsins in the genome, homologous to the hymenopteran LW1, LW2 and UV opsin genes. Electroretinographical measurements confirmed the presence of two photoreceptor types maximally sensitive to 527 and 363 nm in the compound eye. The lack of a SW-homologous opsin gene and a corresponding receptor suggests that <i>S. noctilio</i> is a UV-green dichromate.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Fig. 3. Gompertz 3 in Seasonal phenology of Sirex nigricornis (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) in Arkansas with implications for management of Sirex noctilio
Fig. 3. Gompertz 3-parameter model fit to cumulative proportion of wood wasps captured in Arkansas, USA, from 24 Sep to 6 Dec 2010.
Fig. 7. Gompertz 3 in Seasonal phenology of Sirex nigricornis (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) in Arkansas with implications for management of Sirex noctilio
Fig. 7. Gompertz 3-parameter model fit to all 5 Sirex nigricornis trapping seasons; a = 1.0628, b = 0.0575, c = 309.5517; R2 = 0.8582. The inflection point for the overall model, encompassing 5 trapping seasons, was 310 d, or 6 Nov. Legend indicates which data points correspond to which year.
Data from: Retracing the routes of introduction of invasive species: the case of the Sirex noctilio woodwasp.
Understanding the evolutionary histories of invasive species is critical to adopt appropriate management strategies, but this process can be exceedingly complex to unravel. As illustrated in this study of the worldwide invasion of the woodwasp Sirex noctilio, population genetic analyses using coalescent-based scenario testing together with Bayesian clustering and historical records provide opportunities to address this problem. The pest spread from its native Eurasian range to the Southern Hemisphere in the 1900's and recently to Northern America, where it poses economic and potentially ecological threats to planted and native Pinus spp. To investigate the origins and pathways of invasion, samples from five continents were analysed using microsatellites and sequence data. Surprisingly, clustering analyses revealed two gene pools. Scenario testing showed independent introductions from an unsampled source, putative source of the second gene pool. The invasion history was much more complex than previously believed, with most of the populations being admixtures resulting from independent introductions from Europe and subsequent spread among the invaded areas. Results also shed light on the micro-evolutionary processes occurring during introductions, and showed that only few specimens gave rise to some of the populations. Analyses of microsatellites using clustering and scenario testing considered against historical data drastically altered our understanding of the invasion history of S. noctilio and will have important implications for the strategies employed to fight its spread. This study illustrates the value of combining clustering and ABC methods in a comprehensive framework to dissect the complex patterns of spread of global invaders.
Data from: Retracing the routes of introduction of invasive species: the case of the Sirex noctilio woodwasp.
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UV-green dichromacy in the basal hymenoptera Sirex noctilio (Hymenoptera: Siricidae)
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SiREX-Stent for the Treatment of SymptOmatic Lateral VEnous Sinus Stenosis
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06726928. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Biomarker genes highlight intraspecific and interspecific variations in the responses of Pinus taeda L. and Pinus radiata D. Don to Sirex noctilio F. acid gland secretions
GEO Series GSE40000. Pinus taeda. 24 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
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