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13 results for “Smilodon”
FIGURE 4. Right Ectocuneiform. A in Occurrence of the sabretooth cat Smilodon populator (Felidae, Machairodontinae) in the Cuvieri cave, eastern Brazil
FIGURE 4. Right Ectocuneiform. A) Distal view; B) Proximal view; C) Internal view; D) External view; E) Dorsal view; F) Plantar view. A1-F1) Adult lioness (Panthera leo); A2-F2) Smilodon populator. Scale bar equals 20 mm.
FIGURE 3. Calcaneus. A-F in Occurrence of the sabretooth cat Smilodon populator (Felidae, Machairodontinae) in the Cuvieri cave, eastern Brazil
FIGURE 3. Calcaneus. A-F) Left Calcaneus. A) Dorsal view; B) Astragalar view; C and D) Lateral view; E) Distal view; F) Right Calcaneus. A.1-E.1) Adult lioness (Panthera leo) A.2-F) Smilodon populator. Scale bar equals 20 mm.
FIGURE 5. Identified osteological material. A in Occurrence of the sabretooth cat Smilodon populator (Felidae, Machairodontinae) in the Cuvieri cave, eastern Brazil
FIGURE 5. Identified osteological material. A) Distal part of metatarsal (CVL2 12475); B) Proximal phalanx (CVL2 14207); B-C) Ungual phalanges (CVL2 14532; CVL2 14309) E-H) Intermediate phalanges (CVL2 15187; CVL2 13333; CVL2 13400; CVL2 13300). Scale bar equals 20 mm.
FIGURE 2 in Occurrence of the sabretooth cat Smilodon populator (Felidae, Machairodontinae) in the Cuvieri cave, eastern Brazil
FIGURE 2. Detail of the right calcaneal articulatory region CVL2 15315. As1 - External astragalar facet or ectal facet; As2 and As3 - internal astragalar facets or sustainable facets; Na - facet articulate with the navicular; C - Articulation facet with cuboid. Scale bar equals 20 mm.
FIGURE 1 in Occurrence of the sabretooth cat Smilodon populator (Felidae, Machairodontinae) in the Cuvieri cave, eastern Brazil
FIGURE 1. Location of the Cuvieri Cave, Lagoa Santa region. State of Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Computed tomography reveals hip dysplasia in the extinct Pleistocene saber-tooth cat Smilodon
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Fig. 4. Bivariate graphs for the Smilodon populator specimen MNHN-P 957. A in An extremely large saber-tooth cat skull from Uruguay (late Pleistocene -early Holocene, Dolores Formation): body size and paleobiological implications
Fig. 4. Bivariate graphs for the Smilodon populator specimen MNHN-P 957. A, PM3 transverse diameter (PM3ML) versus PM3 anteroposterior diameter (PM3AP); B, PM4 transverse diameter (PM4ML) versus PM4 anteroposterior diameter (PM4AP). Data from different sources (see Material and methods).
Figure 3. Bivariate graphs for the Smilodon populator specimen MNHN-P 957. A in An extremely large saber-tooth cat skull from Uruguay (late Pleistocene -early Holocene, Dolores Formation): body size and paleobiological implications
Figure 3. Bivariate graphs for the Smilodon populator specimen MNHN-P 957. A, zygomatic width (ZW) versus condylobasal length (CBL); B, canine transverse diam- eter (CML) versus canine anteroposterior diameter (CAP). Data from different sources (see Material and methods).
Canis dirus and Smilodon Procrustes coordinates
<p>The primary goal of this paper is to examine and rationalize different integration metrics used in geometric morphometrics, in an attempt to arrive at a common basis for the characterization of phenotypic covariance in landmark data. We begin with a model system; two populations of Pleistocene dire wolves from Rancho La Brea that we examine from a data-analytic perspective to produce candidate models of integration. We then test these integration models using the appropriate statistics and extend this characterization to measures of whole-shape integration. We demonstrate that current measures of whole-shape integration fail to capture differences in the strength and pattern of integration. We trace this failure to the fact that current whole-shape integration metrics purport to measure only the pattern of inter-trait covariance, while ignoring the dimensionality across which trait variance is distributed. We suggest a modification to current metrics based on consideration of the Shannon, or information, entropy, and demonstrate that this metric successfully describes differences in whole shape integration patterns. Our new metric allows detailed comparison of the hyperellipses occupied by the two populations in morphospace (which is a form of covariance space). Finally, the information entropy approach allows comparison of whole shape integration in a dense semilandmark environments, and we demonstrate that the metric introduced here allows comparison of shape spaces that differ arbitrarily in their dimensionality and landmark membership.</p>
Data from: Evolution in the sabertooth cat, Smilodon fatalis, in response to Pleistocene climate change
The late Pleistocene was a time of environmental change, culminating in an extinction event. Few fossil localities record a temporal series of carnivore fossil populations from this interesting interval as well as Rancho La Brea (RLB). We analyzed mandibles of Smilodon fatalis from RLB using 2D geometric morphometrics to examine if, and how, mandibular shape changes through time. S. fatalis shows mandibular evolution with oscillations between a small, ancestral-type morph in pits 77 (≈37 Kybp) and 2051 (≈26 Kybp), a larger, more derived morph in pits 91 (≈28 Kybp) and 61-67 (≈13.6 Kybp), and an intermediate morph from pit 13 (≈17.7 Kybp). These oscillations end in pit 61-67, where Smilodon exhibits its greatest body size, widest gape, and lowest bite forces. Additionally, variation is lowest in pit 61-67, which was deposited concurrent with the Bølling-Allerød warming event, which may have important implications for the timing or conditions during the extinction event. Contra to a temporal Bergmann's rule, such rapid warming events appear to be correlated with larger, derived, morphologies while static, cooler, climates correlate with gracile, ancestral morphologies.
Data from: Evolution in the sabertooth cat, Smilodon fatalis, in response to Pleistocene climate change
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Canis dirus and Smilodon Procrustes coordinates
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Figures 36–41. Stenotothorax smilodon, n in New species of Stenotothorax Schmidt from the northwestern United States (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae)
Figures 36–41. Stenotothorax smilodon, n. sp. 36) Dorsal habitus. 37) Ventral habitus. 38) Lateral habitus. 38) Oblique anterior view head to elytral base. 40) Epipharynx. 41) Male genitalia, lateral view.
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