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30 results for “Soil coring”
Soil temperature at GCE core monitoring sites in the winter of 2019-2020
We deployed one hobo logger in each vegetation zone at each of the ten primary GCE monitoring sites, for a total of 20 loggers. The loggers were deployed at plot number 1 in each zone, to the “outside” (away from plot number 2), parallel in elevation with the middle of plot 1, buried 10 cm deep, lying horizontal, and tied with a string to the upper left hand (looking from the ocean towards the land) corner stake of the plot. Hobos were deployed during fall monitoring in October 2019, and set to start logging on October 15, 1 am, at 15 minute intervals, with the loggers set on Central Time (times were converted to UTC in post-processing). They were retrieved in April 2020 and files were trimmed to end on a standard date. Exact deployment and retrieval dates are on the attached adobe acrobat file.
Soil dissolved organic matter and greenhouse gas fluxes from intact Delmarva Bay wetland soil cores during laboratory simulation of groundwater level rise
Wetlands in low-relief landscapes have dynamic terrestrial-aquatic interfaces as surface water and groundwater levels fluctuate seasonally and these variable water levels influence wetland carbon cycling. Seasonal changes in groundwater levels determine which soils are hydrologically connected to the wetland surface water-groundwater continuum and therefore which soils act as carbon sources. To quantify groundwater-mediated soil dissolved organic matter (DOM) and greenhouse gas (CO2 and CH4) fluxes, we performed a laboratory simulation of groundwater rise on intact soil cores. Soil cores were collected from four Delmarva Bay wetlands located in the low-relief landscape of the Delmarva Peninsula in the Mid-Atlantic United States. At each wetland, two cores (length = 60 cm, diameter = 10.2 cm) were collected: one from within the wetland basin and the second from the transitional zone near the edge of the wetland basin (total number of cores collected = 8). To characterize seasonal hydrologic conditions at each wetland site where intact soil cores were collected (e.g., mean water level, number of saturation events, duration of saturation), we used high frequency water level data collected in wetland center and upland groundwater monitoring wells. In the lab, cores were re-saturated with groundwater over 15 days and after cores were fully re-saturated, core water levels were maintained for an additional 25 days. Water levels in each head tank and soil core were manually recorded on sub-daily timesteps. Rhizon soil porewater samplers were installed at 8, 20, and 40 cm below the soil surface reflecting the expected depths of the O, A, and B soil horizons across the wetland sites. Source groundwater, soil porewater, and exfiltrated surface water samples were collected daily from the soil cores and analyzed for pH, ORP, and DOM concentration (dissolved organic carbon) and DOM composition (absorbance and fluorescence metrics). Discrete measurements of CO2 and CH4 fluxes were
Erosion Rates, Soil Core Descriptions and Organic Matter on the Virginia Coast
These data include stratigraphic, organic matter, and organic carbon analyses of sediment cores, as well as values used to calculate the time-averaged carbon erosion rate for the central 10 islands of the Virginia Barrier Island chain.
Gross methane production and consumption estimated for intact soil cores from agricultural plots including environmental covariates and example raw isotope pool dilution data
This study was performed to determine how different soil moistures, soil sources, and agricultural practices affected the gross CH4 fluxes (i.e., rates of methanogenesis) of soils. We extracted intact soil cores from two agricultural sites in the USA in row crop plots under conventional, no-till, and organic management. We then took them to the lab, manipulated their moisture levels, incubated them at room temperature for 22 weeks, and measured gas fluxes at weeks 6 and 21. We developed and utilized a new form of CH4 isotope pool dilution (IPD) to estimate gross CH4 production and consumption fluxes. This new method can measure IPD in a bag headspace that loses volume over time due to sampling. We fit the IPD model to the data and extracted gross CH4 production (P) and consumption (K) constants. These along with calculated fluxes and covariates measured (e.g., moisture, inorganic N) are reported in the main data table.
Organic and inorganic data for soil cores from Brazil and Florida Bay seagrasses to support Howard et al 2018, CO2 released by carbonate sediment production in some coastal areas may offset the benefits of seagrass “Blue Carbon” storage, Limnology and Oceanography, DOI: 10.1002/lno.10621
Using piston corers, soils from Florida Bay and Brazilian seagrass meadows were collected to complete organic and inorganic carbon inventories for the top 1 m of soil. Instrumental analyses and loss on ignition at 500C were used to measure C content of downcore slices.
SIC01 Isotopic composition of select archived soil cores from Konza Prairie
The concentration and isotopic composition of soil carbon and nitrogen were measured from select archived soil cores originally collected for the NSC01 dataset using an isotope ratio mass spectrometer coupled with an elemental analyzer. These soil cores were collected from the lowlands (25 cm depth) of four experimental watersheds in 1982, 1987, 2002, 2010, and 2015. The four experimental watersheds are 001d, n01b, 020b, and n20b.
Soil core metrics taken at Space for Time plots across the PIE LTER.
Soil cores were collected and evaluated at three different depth intervals for bulk density, organic matter by loss on ignition (LOI), pore water ammonium, and pore water salinity. These biotic and abiotic factors differ across marsh types and elevations and help to parameterize other measurements of marsh structure and function, as well as provide insight into marsh heterogeneity within a single site.
Soil data for cores from a transect from the center of the BBC collapse scar into the surrounding burn
This data set contains soil data for cores from a transect from the center of the BBC collapse scar (0 m) into the surrounding burn (30 m). Thirty-five cores were collected soil cores along the transect in March 2003. We drilled cores using a gasoline powered, permafrost corer while soils were frozen. Two to four cores were drilled every 3 m along the transect, yielding a total of 35 cores. We stored cores frozen and cut sample sections using a radial saw. Cores were sampled at the interfaces between different soil layers. We classified soils using the Canadian Soil Classification system (Soil Classification Working Group 1998) identifying fibric, mesic, and humic organic horizions and the A and C mineral horizons. Nine cores were sampled only to the mineral boundary. We measured bulk density, %C and %N for all soil samples. The pH of sample was determined using litmus paper. We oven-dried at 50 - 65 degC and ground all samples before analysis. We analyzed samples for %C and %N using a Carlo Erba EA1108 CHNS analyzer (CE Instruments, Milan, Italy) and a COSTECH ECS 4010 CHNS-O analyzer (Costech Analytical Technologies Inc., Valencia, CA,USA). Sample standard errors were +/- 0.01% for nitrogen, +/- 0.45% for carbon. To indicate fire events in the surrounding ecosystem, charcoal layers in the cores were quantified. We estimated charcoal by emptying dried samples of a known volume and depth (on mean 4.5 cm3) over a 10 cm x 10 cm grid and counting macroscopic charcoal fragments (greater than 0.05 mm in diameter) in each cm grid cell.
Bonanza Creek moisture gradient soil core data: 2004.
This dataset contains the results of a soil sampling effort undertaken in 2004 along a landscape gradient within the Bonanza Creek LTER. Soils were sampled at 5 sites located within unique vegetative environments ranging from a wetland to an upland forest over a distance of 260 m. Data includes, but is not limited to percent carbon, percent nitrogen, 13C of the gas phase, 14C of the gas phase, 13C of the solid phase, bulk density, CO2 flux and DOC.
Bonanza Creek moisture gradient soil core data: 2005.
This dataset contains the results of a soil sampling effort undertaken in 2005 along a landscape gradient within the Bonanza Creek LTER. Soils were sampled at 5 sites located within unique vegetative environments ranging from a wetland to an upland forest over a distance of 260 m. Data includes, but is not limited to percent carbon, percent nitrogen, 13C of the gas phase, 14C of the gas phase, 13C of the solid phase, bulk density, CO2 flux and DOC
physical and chemical information for soil cores from Imnavait watershed during 2003-2005
Physical (bulk density, soil thickness) and chemical (total C and N, d13C and d15N) information of soil cores taken from 15N addition plots in Imnavait watershed.
Peat cores were collected along the Dalton Highway for the analysis of soil properties, 13C and percent of modern age, North Slope, Alaska 1989.
Peat cores were collected along the Dalton Highway in 1989 and analysed for percent moisture, percent organic carbon, bulk densitey, del C-13, and radiocarbon content at varying depth intevals throughout the core. Samples were collected to the mineral zone and kept in cold storage until analysis. Samples were collected from 12 sites.
Proteolytic enzyme activity of organic and mineral soil core samples collected near Toolik Lake field station, Alaska, July 2001
The original focus of this study was an analysis of proteolytic enzyme activity of Alaskan arctic tundra soils, however initial results raised questions regarding the method (Watanabe and Hayano, 1995). Thus, the goals of the study changed to 1) an investigation of the method, and 2) a comparison of enzyme activities of two different soil layers from the arctic tundra. Methodological examination included the impact of toluene, used to prevent immobilization of the product, and blank correction of enzyme activity, and a search for a true 6-h linear rate of activity during a 48-hour incubation. We measured native and potential, using casein as an artificial substrate, activities as net amino acid production in mineral and organic soil layer samples. Varying toluene concentration had no clear effect on activity; omitting toluene resulted in zero native activity and reduced potential for the organic samples, but not for the mineral. Comparison of activities with and without blank correction indicated, particularly for potential activity of samples with low native rates, that correction was required for accuracy. Native and potential activity of the organic samples, and native of the mineral were linear for the first 6 h of incubation; linearity was observed during the 6 to 24 h incubation for potential activity of the mineral. Soil layer activity data indicated that native activity was higher in organic soils as compared with mineral. The organic layer potential activity was ten-fold greater than the native, suggesting substrate limitation; potential and native activities did not differ in the mineral layer, indicating substrate sufficiency. Casein addition changed the kinetic pattern for both layers from hyperbolic to sigmoidal for the mineral and linear for the organic, implying different enzyme pools or behavioral changes of existing pools. Native activity based on total soluble protein was higher for the mineral samples relative to the organic, reiterating substrate
Nematode abundance in soil cores collected beneath mesquite trees in irrigated and non-irrigated plots at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 1988
This data package contains nematode abundance in soils subjected to an irrigation experiment in mesquite coppice dune habitats during the early years of Jornada Basin LTER (LTER-I and II). The purpose of this study was to quantify total nematode abundance, and the abundance of nematode functional groups, in irrigated and non-irrigated (control) soils beneath mesquite plants (Prosopis glandulosa). Soil cores were taken from three depths (0-50cm, 50-100cm, and 100-150cm) then divided into subsamples for nematode investigation. Nematodes were quantified via a semi-automatic elutriator with sugar flotation-sieving and the Baerman Funnel technique. Nematodes were counted and separated into trophic groups: fungal feeders, bacterial feeders, plant parasites, and omnivore-predators. The data collection began in March 1988 and ended in October 1988. This dataset is complete.
Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Deep Core Surveys at the Kellogg Biological Station, Hickory Corners, MI (2001 to 2013)
Dataset Abstract An LTER project goal is to periodically collect and analyze deep soil cores for the main site treatments and successional and forest sites. Soil is sampled to a depth of one meter, and analyzed for horizon depths, texture, moisture, and carbon and nitrogen content. original data source http://lter.kbs.msu.edu/datasets/47
A photo of the typical view of organic, permaculture and conventional horticultural farms and a photo of a typical soil profile in a core sampler for each
<p>The pdf file contains an introduction slide (Slide 1) with the list of the introduced farms.</p> <p>There are 15 slides following the introductory file.</p> <p>Each slide has a photo of a horticultural farm, its code and a photo of one of its typical soil profiles.</p> <p>The photo of the profile was made of a soil core sampler that is 100 cm long.</p> <p>In some of the farms, there were multiple profiles revealed and photos were made, here we just show one of these.</p> <p>The majority of the soils are Luvisols but we have some 2 Fluvisols, 2 Chernozems and 2 Fluvisols.</p> <p>More information can be found in a published article: Szilágyi, A.; Plachi, E.; Nagy, P.; Simon, B.; Centeri, C. Assessing Earthworm Populations in Some Hungarian Horticultural Farms: Comparison of Conventional, Organic and Permaculture Farming. <em>Biol. Life Sci. Forum</em> <strong>2021</strong>, <em>2</em>, 11. https://doi.org/10.3390/BDEE2021-09416</p> <p>The purpose of the recent pdf is to provide information for an upcoming article in the journal of Diversity.</p> <p>All soil laboratory analyses have already been published for this purpose:</p> <p>https://zenodo.org/record/5717449#.YeoUYv7MJPY</p>
Description of Mont-Vert hillslope database: measured properties along soil cores and associated metadata
<p>This dataset includes data and metadata of twenty soil cores collected in Mont-Vert banana plantation (Le Robert, Martinique, France) in February 2023. These data were collected in order to study the chlordecone (an organochlorine insecticide) redistribution along a cultivated hillslope. To this end, radiocesium activities (artificial radionuclide) and chlordecone concentrations were measured in soil core subsamples (5-cm increments). </p>
Deep core soil samples from KBS LTER Scaleup fields at the Kellogg Biological Station, Hickory Corners, MI (2010 to 2010)
Dataset Abstract This dataset contains soil deep core data from Kravchenko, A. N., S. S. Snapp, and G. P. Robertson. 2017. Field-scale experiments reveal persistent yield gaps in low-input and organic cropping systems. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 114:926-931. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1612311114 Additional data at https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.gh90f5f original data source http://lter.kbs.msu.edu/datasets/171
Figure 2 in Effects of soil core handling, transport and storage on numbers and body sizes of edaphic predatory mites (Gamasina)
Figure 2. Effects of improper core treatment on the body size distribution of predatory mites (Gamasida) extracted from soil samples. Numbers in panel heads are body sizes in micrometers [Mm]. See Fig. 1 for plot labels.
Figure 1 in Effects of soil core handling, transport and storage on numbers and body sizes of edaphic predatory mites (Gamasina)
Figure 1. Effects of improper core treatment on the total abundance of predatory mites (Gamasida) extracted from soil. (A) storage duration, (B) storage temperature, (C) shaking intensity, (D) sample compression, (E) filling of sample containers in extraction apparatus, (F) combination of compression and prolonged storage, and (G) combination of shaking and prolonged storage.
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