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26 results for “Soil pollution”
The more microplastic types pollute the soil, the stronger the growth suppression of invasive alien and native plants
<p>The ecological consequences of microplastic pollution for plants remain largely unknown, and the few studies that tested the effects usually focused on a single type of microplastic and a single plant species. However, most plants will be exposed to multiple microplastic types simultaneously, and the effects may vary among species.</p> <p>To test the effects of microplastic diversity on plants, we grew single plants of eight invasive and eight native species in pots with substrate polluted with 0, 1, 3 and 6 types of microplastics.</p> <p>We found that the growth suppression by microplastic pollution became stronger with the number of microplastic types the plants were exposed to. This tended to be particularly the case for invasive species, as their biomass advantage over natives diminished with the number of microplastic types. The biomass responses coincided with a positive effect of the number of microplastic types on root allocation and thickness, which was also stronger for invasive than for native species. In addition, the results of hierarchical diversity-interaction models suggest that the negative impact of microplastic diversity on the total biomass of invasive plant species was influenced by both the identities of the microplastic and certain types of microplastic with strong pairwise interactions. In contrast, the effect on native species was determined solely by the microplastic identities.</p> <p><em>Synthesis: </em>Our multi-species study thus shows for the first time that the negative effects of microplastic pollution on plant growth increase with the number of microplastic types. We also found tentative evidence that the negative impacts of microplastic diversity were more pronounced for invasive plants compared to native plants, and that this might be due to differences in the responses of root allocation and thickness.</p>
Data for: Heavy metal pollution impacts soil bacterial community structure and antimicrobial resistance at the Birmingham 35th Avenue Superfund Site
<p>The data in this archive are the results of a study on the impact of heavy metals (HMs) on the soil microbiota of an urban Superfund site in Alabama. HMs are known to modify bacterial communities both in the laboratory and in situ. Consequently, soils in HM-contaminated sites such as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Superfund sites are predicted to have altered ecosystem functioning, with potential ramifications for the health of organisms, including humans, that live nearby. Further, several studies have shown that heavy metal-resistant (HMR) bacteria often also display antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and therefore HM-contaminated soils could potentially act as reservoirs that could disseminate AMR genes into human-associated pathogenic bacteria. To explore this possibility, topsoil samples were collected from six public locations in the zip code 35207 (the home of the North Birmingham 35th Avenue Superfund Site) and in six public areas in the neighboring zip code, 35214. 35027 soils had significantly elevated levels of the HMs As, Mn, Pb, and Zn, and sequencing of the V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene revealed that elevated HM concentrations correlated with reduced microbial diversity and altered community structure. While there was no difference between zip codes in the proportion of total culturable HMR bacteria, bacterial isolates with HMR almost always also exhibited AMR. Metagenomes inferred using PICRUSt2 also predicted significantly higher mean relative frequencies in 35207 for several AMR genes related to both specific and broad-spectrum AMR phenotypes. Together, these results support the hypothesis that chronic HM pollution alters the soil bacterial community structure in ecologically meaningful ways and may also select for bacteria with increased potential to contribute to AMR in human disease.</p>
High-Temperature Electrothermal Remediation of Multi-Pollutants in Soil
<p>Source data for our publication entitled "High-Temperature Electrothermal Remediation of Multi-Pollutants in Soil"</p>
The more microplastic types pollute the soil, the stronger the growth suppression of invasive alien and native plants
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Agricultural plastic pollution reduces soil function even under best management practices
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Data for: Heavy metal pollution impacts soil bacterial community structure and antimicrobial resistance at the Birmingham 35th Avenue Superfund Site
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Data for: Can heavy metal pollution induce soil bacterial community resistance to antibiotics in boreal forests?
<p>The emergence of microbial antibiotic resistance is a central threat to global health, food security, and development. It has been shown that heavy metal pollution can give rise to microbial resistance to antibiotics, but how wide-spread this phenomenon is remains an open question that urgently needs filling to enable appropriate environmental risk assessments. Here, we determined whether long-term differences in heavy metal pollution in boreal forests had affected soil microbial communities such that they had increased microbial resistance to antibiotics. First, we assessed variation in metal concentrations in samples collected across a distance trajectory from the pollution source, and also the microbial rates and levels of bacterial community resistance to the heavy metal Cu and the antibiotics tetracycline and vancomycin in those samples. Second, we tested if the exposure to Cu or tetracycline could increase bacterial community resistance to Cu and to antibiotics in soils with high versus low background levels of metal contamination. Metal pollution had affected microbial community structures and suppressed decomposer functioning. Importantly, bacterial community Cu resistance increased with higher metal concentrations, which coincided with an induced bacterial community resistance to tetracycline, but not to vancomycin. Laboratory experiments revealed that bacterial community Cu resistance could be further induced in both the low and high end of the pollution gradient, but also that these short-term inductions of community metal tolerance did not coincide with enhanced antibiotic resistance. This yielded a surprising negative correlation between long-term and short-term effects by metals on microbial metal and antibiotic resistances. One mechanism that could provide protection against both metal cations and tetracycline is the small multidrug resistance (SMR) family, which is an energy demanding physiological mechanism that may take time to confer protection. This may explain the different microbial responses to long-term gradients and metal addition experiments. Policy implications. We show that metal pollution in boreal forests will promote antibiotic resistance in soil bacterial communities, revealing an overlooked reservoir of antibiotic resistance. We recommend that environmental risk assessments for any activity giving rise to increased soil metal concentrations need to also consider the induction of microbial antibiotic resistance.</p>
Open Data_Remedial trial of sequential anoxic_oxic chemico_biological treatment for decontamination of extreme hexachlorocyclohexane concentrations in polluted soil
<p>Open data sheet used for the preparation of the publication "Remedial trial of sequential anoxic/oxic chemico-biological treatment for decontamination of extreme hexachlorocyclohexane concentrations in polluted soil" containing graphs and other data</p>
Data from: Global soil pollution by toxic metals threatens agriculture and human health
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Data for: Can heavy metal pollution induce soil bacterial community resistance to antibiotics in boreal forests?
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Data from: Understanding the role of pig manure, rice straw and calcium carbonate on the cadmium pollution in soil-wheat system
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Spider body size and longevity after exposure to lead-polluted soil
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Potentially harmful elements (As, Sb, Cd, Pb) in soil polluted by historical smelting operation in the Upper Silesian area (Southern Poland)
<p><span>Table S1: Elements concentration in the studies samples (ICP-MS); Ta<span>ble S2: Minerals and minerals phases in studied soils and slags; Table S3. Minerals and minerals phases in studied soils and slags.</span></span></p>
Data from: River banks and channels as hotspots of soil pollution after large-scale remediation of a river basin
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Data from: Earthworms and cadmium – heavy metal resistant gut bacteria as indicators for heavy metal pollution in soils?
Preservation of the soil resources stability is of high importance for ecosystems, particularly in the current era of environmental change, which presents a severe pollution burden (e.g. by heavy metals) to soil fauna. Gut microbiomes are becoming recognized as important players in organism health, with comprehension of their perturbations in the polluted environment offering new insights into the nature and extent of heavy metal effects on the health of soil biota. Our aim was to investigate the effect of environmentally relevant heavy metal concentrations of cadmium (Cd) on the earthworm (Lumbricus terrestris) gut microbiota. Our results revealed that Cd exposure led to perturbations of earthworm gut microbiota with an increase in bacteria previously described as heavy metal resistant or able to bind heavy metals, revealing the potential of the earthworm-gut microbiota system in overcoming human-caused heavy metal pollution. Furthermore, an 'indicator species analysis' linked the bacterial genera Paenibacillus, Flavobacterium and Pseudomonas, with Cd treatment, suggesting these bacterial taxa as biomarkers of exposure in earthworms inhabiting Cd-stressed soils. The results of this study help to understand the impact of anthropogenic disturbance on soil fauna health and will have implications for environmental monitoring and protection of soil resources.
Data from: Biomass partitioning of plants under soil pollution stress
<p><span>Polluted sites are ubiquitous worldwide but how plant partition their biomass between different organs in this context is unclear. </span><span>Here, we identified three possible drivers of biomass partitioning in our controlled study along pollution gradients: plant size reduction (pollution effect) combined with allometric scaling between organs; early deficit in root surfaces (pollution effect) inducing a decreased water uptake; increased biomass allocation to roots to compensate for lower soil resource acquisition consistent with the optimal partitioning theory (plant response). A complementary meta-analysis showed variation in biomass </span><span>partitioning</span><span> across published studies, with g</span><span>rass and woody species having distinct modifications of their root: shoot ratio. However, the modelling of biomass partitioning drivers showed that</span> <span>single harvest experiments performed in previous studies prevent identifying the main drivers at stake.</span> <span>The proposed distinction between pollution effects and plant response will help to improve our knowledge of plant allocation strategies in the context of pollution.</span></p>
Supplementary material 2 from: Nizamutdinov T, Abakumov E, Morgun E (2021) Morphological features, productivity and pollution state of abandoned agricultural soils in the Russian Arctic (Yamal Region). One Ecosystem 6: e68408. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.6.e68408
Estimated scales of nutrient content in soil
Supplementary material 1 from: Nizamutdinov T, Abakumov E, Morgun E (2021) Morphological features, productivity and pollution state of abandoned agricultural soils in the Russian Arctic (Yamal Region). One Ecosystem 6: e68408. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.6.e68408
Detailed soil contamination characteristics based on Igeo and Zc indices
Data from: Biomass partitioning of plants under soil pollution stress
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Data from: Earthworms and cadmium – heavy metal resistant gut bacteria as indicators for heavy metal pollution in soils?
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.