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FIG.4 in A revision of Solanum section Herpystichum

FIG.4. Summary phylogeny of Solanum sect. Herpystichum based on based on plastid psbA-trnH, trnT-trnF, and trnS-trnG, and nuclear waxy, ITS, cos1C, cos5, cos9B, cos10B, and cos11 sequences (E. J. Tepe et al. 2011). For clarity, replicate accessions of all species except for S. evolvulifolium and S. pentaphyllum have been omitted. Provenance is indicated for species with multiple accessions, species with compound leaves are underlined, and the asterisk indicates an especially robust specimen of S. evolvulifolium. The topology is based on Bayesian analyses, and branch support values are Bayesian posterior probabilities/maximum parsimony bootstrap.

FIG.1 in A revision of Solanum section Herpystichum

FIG.1. Flowers fruits, and habit of Solanum sect. Herpystichum: A. Solanum limoncochaense, habit, flower, and bud. B. S. limoncochaense fruit in situ and C. in cross section (E. J. Tepe & S. Stern 2627, QCNE). D. S. trifolium flower and leaf (E. J. Tepe & S. Stern 2682, QCNE). E. S. phaseoloides habit, flower, and leaf (photo by W. H. Haber). F. S. crassinervium habit (E. J. Tepe & S. Stern 2729, QCNE), and G. flowers (S. Stern & E. J. Tepe 400, QCNE). H. S. evolvulifolium habit and flower, and I. fruit (immature) (E. J. Tepe & S. Stern 2671, QCNE). J. S. pacificum inflorescence with flowers, buds, and fruit (immature), and K. habit (E. J. Tepe et al. 2696, QCNE). L. S. loxophyllum habit, note adventitious roots at nodes, and M. older stem with inflorescences, note figure eightshaped stem (E. J. Tepe & S. Stern 2726, QCNE). Inflorescences emerge from the cleft between the two lobes of the stem.

FIG.2 in A revision of Solanum section Herpystichum

FIG.2. Flowers, fruits, and habit of Solanum sect. Herpystichum. A. Solanum pentaphyllum, habit and flower (from O. Haught 2551, F). B. S. dalibardiforme, habit and flower (from K. von Sneidern 3121, US). C. S. dolichorhachis, habit, flower, and immature fruit (from F. H. Eggers 14641, A).

FIG. 8 in A Revision of Solanum Section Gonatotrichum

FIG. 8. Photos of type collection of S. evolvuloides (Giacomin 974, BHCB). A. Habit. B. Flower; note glandular hairs on calyx. C. Flower; note the elongated lowermost stamen. D. Flower. E. Fruit; note the thin, nearly transparent skin. Scale bars: A = 2 cm. B = 5 mm. C, D, E = 1 cm.

FIG. 11 in A Revision of Solanum Section Gonatotrichum

FIG. 11. Photos of type collection of S. manabiense (Stern & Tepe 377, QCNE). A. Habit. B. Flower; note hairs on stem and leaves. C. Fruit, with skin becoming transparent as turgor pressure increases. D. Roadside habitat in Manabí, Ecuador and author with type collection. Scale bars: A = 10 cm. B, C = 5 mm. (reprinted with permission of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas).

FIG. 5 in A Revision of Solanum Section Gonatotrichum

FIG. 5. Distribution of S. adscendens, S. evolvuloides, S. hoffmanseggii, S. olympicum, and S. turneroides.

FIG. 4 in A Revision of Solanum Section Gonatotrichum

FIG. 4. Solanum adscendens (Stehmann 6005, BHCB). A. Habit; note the cordate leaf bases. B. SEM of the abaxial leaf surface; note the long, straight hairs and the minute glandular hairs. C. Fruit. D. Flower. E. Calyx and leaves. Scale bars: A = 2 cm. B = 200 Mm. C, E = 1 cm. D = 5 mm.

FIG. 3 in A Revision of Solanum Section Gonatotrichum

FIG. 3. Parsimony strict consensus tree of Solanum section Gonatotrichum and outgroups based on plastid trnT-trnF and nuclear waxy and ITS (from Stern and Bohs 2012).

FIG. 1 in A Revision of Solanum Section Gonatotrichum

FIG. 1. Scanning electron micrographs of hairs in section Gonatotrichum. A. Solanum turneroides stem; note the hairs oriented downward at an approximately 45° angle (Bohs 2715, UT). B. Higher magnification of S. turneroides; note that the base of the hair is swollen with what appear to be reduced ray cells. Also note the small glandular hairs below the long, simple hairs (Bohs 2715, UT). C. Stem of S. deflexum; note the hairs are simple and held perpendicular to the stem (Nee 51716, UT). D. Geniculate hairs of S. olympicum; note the sharp 90° angle between the first and second cells (Bohs 3194, UT). E. Stellate hairs on abaxial leaf surface of of S. lignescens (Hampshire et al. 1151, BM). F. Solanum evolvuloides glandular calyx hairs (Mattos Silva, s.n., CEPEC). Scale bars: A, C = 500 Mm. B = 50 Mm. D, E = 200 Mm. F = 100 Mm.

FIG. 13 in A Revision of Solanum Section Gonatotrichum

FIG. 13. Solanum turneroides (Bohs 2715, UT). A. Stem with nearly mature fruits. B. Flower bud; note densely pubescent calyx and long calyx lobes. C. Flower on first day of opening; note that lowermost filament has not expanded. D. Flower after first day; note that the filament of the lowermost anther is now greatly elongated. Scale bars: A, C, D = 1 cm. B = 5 mm.

FIG. 6 in A Revision of Solanum Section Gonatotrichum

FIG. 6. Solanum deflexum (Bohs 2715, UT). A. Habit. B. Closed flower in the late afternoon; note straight hairs on calyx and pedicel. C. Open flower in the day; note straight hairs on stem. Scale bars: A = 1 cm. B, C = 5 mm.

FIG. 12 in A Revision of Solanum Section Gonatotrichum

FIG. 12. Solanum olympicum (Bohs 3194, UT). A. Habit. B. Inflorescence with flower buds; note adpressed, geniculate hairs on stem. C. Mature fruit prior to dehiscence; note the skin becoming transparent as turgor pressure increases. D. Fruit after explosive dehiscence. Scale bars = 1 cm.

FIG. 4 in Revision of the Solanum medians Complex (Solanum section Petota)

FIG. 4. Canonical discriminate analysis based on 13 morphological characters (Table 1). The accessions examined and taxon codes are the same as in Fig. 3.

FIG. 2 in Revision of the Solanum medians Complex (Solanum section Petota)

FIG. 2. Means, ranges, and one standard deviation of the mean for 12 of the 13 characters assessed in this study for Solanum medians var. medians (med), S. medians var. autumnale (aut), S. sandemannii (snd), and S. tacnaense (tcn).

FIG. 3 in Revision of the Solanum medians Complex (Solanum section Petota)

FIG. 3. Principal component analyses based on 13 morphological characters (Table 1). m = S. medians var. medians, a = S. medians var. autumnale, s = S. sandemannii, t = S. tacnaense.

FIG. 1 in Revision of the Solanum medians Complex (Solanum section Petota)

FIG. 1. Chronological flow chart of hypotheses of species boundaries of members of the Solanum medians complex according to Correll (1962), Hawkes (1990), Ochoa (1999), and our present study.

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Linked collectors and determiners for: A revision of Solanum section Herpystichum.

Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "A revision of Solanum section Herpystichum". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/2de37bc1-3782-435b-b655-0f9d77f7afe9">https://bionomia.net/dataset/2de37bc1-3782-435b-b655-0f9d77f7afe9</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/2de37bc1-3782-435b-b655-0f9d77f7afe9">https://gbif.org/dataset/2de37bc1-3782-435b-b655-0f9d77f7afe9</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.

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FIG.3 in A revision of Solanum section Herpystichum

FIG.3. Distribution of Solanum sect. Herpystichum.

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FIG.7 in A revision of Solanum section Herpystichum

FIG.7. Distribution of Solanum limoncochaense and S. loxophyllum.

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FIG.6 in A revision of Solanum section Herpystichum

FIG.6. Distribution of Solanum evolvulifolium.