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103 results for “Spatial processes”
SMP01 Spatial variation of soil microbial processes under Cornus drummondii shrubs of varying size at Konza Prairie, 2017
Soil was collected from multiple locations under individual Cornus drummondii shrub islands of varying size to measure within-shrub heterogeneity in soil microbial processes. Soil chemistry (Total C, Total N, extractable inorganic N, extractable P, and organic matter cotent), microbial biomass C and N, and potential extracellular enzymatic activity of β-glucosidase, phosphatase, NAG-ase, and LAP-ase were measured. Potential carbon mineralization and the isotopic composition of respired soil carbon was measured over a 77-day laboratory incubation.
Supplementary materials for "Experimental verification for self-organization process on the spatial distribution and edifice size of rootless cone"
<p>This is a ReadMe for the supplementary material for "Experimental verification for self-organization process on the spatial distribution and edifice size of rootless cone" written by Rina Noguchi and Wataru Nakagawa.</p> <p>----------------------<br>[ReadMe.txt]<br>ReadMe text file.</p> <p>[FigS1.png]<br>This figure is a supplementary figure which appeared as "Figure S1" in the main text.<br>Caption: Figure S1. Examples of conduits (dashed green lines) and loser conduits (solid magenta lines) were observed in the experiments with original and contrast-enhanced images.</p> <p>[FigS2.png]<br>This figure is a supplementary figure which appeared as "Figure S2" in the main text.<br>Caption: Figure S2. Relationships between the thickness of poured heated syrup and (A) mass losses caused by baking soda decomposition, (B) number of conduits, (C) total conduit area, (D) average conduit area, (E) number of failed conduits, and (F) sum number of conduits and failed conduits. Each plot and error bar represents the average and standard deviation in three repeated experiments, respectively. The red plots and error bars show the 350 g of heated syrup case, which performed ten repeated experiments to verify the reproducibility. Note that horizontal error bars are derived from the difficulty of strict heated syrup-pouring control.</p> <p>[Experimental_datasheet.xlsx]<br>This EXCEL file includes two sheets: a mass loss change log and a summary of experimental results.</p> <p>[movie/SSS_X_x15.mp4]<br>These MP4 files are fast-forward movies (x15) for each experiment. SSS = the amount of poured hearty syrup (g), and X = round in each condition.<br>----------------------</p> <p>For more details, please refer to a research paper "Experimental verification for self-organization process on the spatial distribution and edifice size of rootless cone".</p> <p>If you have any questions, please send an e-mail to:<br>r-noguchi@env.sc.niigata-u.ac.jp<br>or<br>flugel555@gmail.com<br>.<br>(R. Noguchi)</p>
Dataset for "Scaling of ultrashort-pulsed laser structuring processes for electromobility applications using a spatial light modulator"
<p>The dataset represents the experimental data for publication "<span>Scaling of ultrashort-pulsed laser structuring processes for electromobility applications using a spatial light modulator</span>"</p>
Spatial data sets of the paper Heinrich Stadial 1 continental sand dunes and Middle to Late Holocene paleosol sequences in SE Iberia: implications for human occupation and site formation processes
<p>Spatial data sets of the paper Heinrich Stadial 1 continental sand dunes and Middle to Late Holocene paleosol sequences in SE Iberia: implications for human occupation and site formation processes. This data set is composed by 3 shapefiles:</p> <ol> <li>Dune_field: Feature class polygon shapefile geometry representing the individual dunes identified in the Villena dune field.</li> <li>Sampled dunes: Shapefile of point geometry representing the location of the stratigraphic sequences of CC1, CC2 and CC3 sampled for texture, soil chemistry, OSL and radiocarbon dating. </li> <li>Sediment sourcing samples: Shapefile of point geometry representing the location of the reference samples of El Moron, El Arenal de la Virgen and Sierra del Castellar. </li> </ol> <p>The spatial reference system is EPSG 25830.</p>
Data from: Spatial processes and evolutionary models: a critical review
Evolution is a fundamentally population level process in which variation, drift, and selection produce both temporal and spatial patterns of change. Statistical model fitting is now commonly used to estimate which kind of evolutionary process best explains patterns of change through time, using models like Brownian motion, stabilizing selection (Ornstein-Uhlenbeck), and directional selection on traits measured from stratigraphic sequences or on phylogenetic trees. But these models assume that the traits possessed by a species are homogeneous. Spatial processes such as dispersal, gene flow, and geographic range changes can produce patterns of trait evolution that do not fit the expectations of standard models, even when evolution at the local-population level is governed by drift or a typical OU model of selection. The basic properties of population level processes (variation, drift, selection, and population size) are reviewed and the relationship between their spatial and temporal dynamics is discussed. Typical evolutionary models used in palaeontology incorporate the temporal component of these dynamics, but not the spatial. Range expansions and contractions introduce rate variability into drift processes, range expansion under a drift model can drive directional change in trait evolution, and spatial selection gradients can create spatial variation in traits that can produce long-term directional trends and punctuation events depending on the balance between selection strength, gene flow, extirpation probability, and model of speciation. Using computational modelling that spatial processes can create evolutionary outcomes that depart from basic population-level notions from these standard macroevolutionary models.
Spatial flood events and process types
Spatially clustered flood events from peak flows identified at selected GRDC sations. The data also shows the stations affected by each of the clustered eevents. The clustered events were classified into four different process types. Furthermore, five regions were defined across Europe and the regions affected by each flood event are identified. Further description and content of each data file can be seen in the included metadata.
Supplementary material 1 from: Dainese M, Poldini L (2012) Does residence time affect responses of alien species richness to environmental and spatial processes? NeoBiota 14: 47-66. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.14.3273
Supplementary material 1 from: Dainese M, Poldini L (2012) Does residence time affect responses of alien species richness to environmental and spatial processes? NeoBiota 14: 47-66. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.14.3273
Data from: Fractal triads efficiently sample ecological diversity and processes across spatial scales
<p>The relative influence of ecological assembly processes, such as environmental filtering, competition, and dispersal, vary across spatial scales. Changes in phylogenetic and taxonomic diversity across environments provide insight into these processes, however, it is challenging to assess the effect of spatial scale on these metrics. Here, we outline a nested sampling design that fractally spaces sampling locations to concentrate statistical power across spatial scales in a study area. We test this design in northeast Utah, at a study site with distinct vegetation types (including sagebrush steppe and mixed conifer forest), that vary across environmental gradients. We demonstrate the power of this design to detect changes in community phylogenetic diversity across environmental gradients and assess the spatial scale at which the sampling design captures the most variation in empirical data. We find clear evidence of broad-scale changes in multiple features of phylogenetic and taxonomic diversity across aspect. At finer scales, we find additional variation in phylodiversity, highlighting the power of our fractal sampling design to efficiently detect patterns across multiple spatial scales. Thus, our fractal sampling design and analysis effectively identify important environmental gradients and spatial scales that drive community phylogenetic structure. We discuss the insights this gives us into the ecological assembly processes that differentiate plant communities found in northeast Utah.</p>
Interindividual differences influence multisensory processing during spatial navigation
<p>The dataset contains the raw data from two experiments. We investigate the ability of using auditory, visual or audiovisual landmarks for spatial navigation through the environment.</p>
Dataset for Task-dependent spatial processing in the visual cortex
<p>The dataset contains the mean ERPs values of each participant after the audiovidual stimulus (S2 for the spatial bisection and S for the spatial localization), divided as follows:</p> <p>- condition (i.e., 1sc: short distance between S1 and S2, 1sl: long distance between S1 and S2),</p> <p>- task (i.e., spatial bisection or spatial localization),</p> <p>- time window (i.e., 50-90 ms or 110-160 ms post stimulus), </p> <p>- roi (i.e., O1, O2, C1, C2, T7 or T8 electrodes). </p>
Data and analysis scripts for: Co-occurrence patterns at four spatial scales implicate reproductive processes in shaping community assembly in clovers
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Herbivory modifies the role of spatial processes in a grassland plant metacommunity
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Data from: Spatial processes and evolutionary models: a critical review
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Data from: Fractal triads efficiently sample ecological diversity and processes across spatial scales
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Interindividual differences influence multisensory processing during spatial navigation
<p>The dataset contains the raw data from two experiments. We investigate the ability of spatial navigation using auditory, visual or audiovisual landmarks in the environment.</p>
The relation between crawling and non-crawling 9-month-old infants' visual prediction abilities in spatial object processing.
<p>The data set Kubicek et al._JECP_DataSet.sav containts the data of the paper from Kubicek, C., Jovanovic, B., & Schwarzer, G. (2017). The relation between crawling and non-crawling 9-month-old infants' visual prediction abilities in spatial object processing. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 158, 64–76.</p>
Smoother: a unified and modular framework for incorporating structural dependency in spatial omics data: raw and processed data files
<p>This directory contains all spatial and single-cell omics datasets analyzed in the "Smoother: a unified and modular framework for incorporating structural dependency in spatial omics data". Associated scripts are available at https://github.com/JiayuSuPKU/Smoother_paper. See https://github.com/JiayuSuPKU/Smoother_paper/blob/main/data/README.md for details on folder structure and data sources.</p>
Supplementary Materials - Integrating Spatial Analyses and Microbotanical Remains: A Methodological Approach for Investigating Plant Processing Activities and Domestic Spaces at Neolithic Çatalhöyük.
<p><strong>Supplementary Materials I, II, and III - Integrating Spatial Analyses and Microbotanical Remains: A Methodological Approach for Investigating Plant Processing Activities and Domestic Spaces at Neolithic Çatalhöyük.</strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Supplementary I</strong> contains the raw data for the microbotanical analyses on Buildings 80 and 131. It consists of laboratory track sheets and the raw counts of phytoliths and starch grains from each building.</p> <p><strong>Supplementary II</strong> contains: a) A detailed description of all the starch grain typologies encountered in this research along with references from modern reference collections; b) A visual example of each of the phytolith morphotypes identified and c) The variogram and the Kriging error variances.</p> <p><strong>Supplementary III</strong> refers to the R code, building shape files (Mask), and spatial data utilized to produce the Kriging and IDW stipital objects.</p>
Community metabarcoding reveals the relative role of environmental filtering and spatial processes in metacommunity dynamics of soil microarthropods across a mosaic of montane forests
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Disentangling the relative role of environmental filtering and spatial processes in driving metacommunity structure across mountainous regions remains challenging, as the way we quantify spatial connectivity in topographically and environmentally heterogeneous landscapes can influence our perception of which process predominates. More empirical datasets are required to account for taxon- and context-dependency but relevant research in understudied areas is often compromised by the taxonomic impediment<span><span>. </span></span>We here employed haplotype-level community DNA metabarcoding, enabled by stringent filtering of Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs), to characterize metacommunity structure of soil microarthropod assemblages across a mosaic of five forest habitats on the Troodos mountain range in Cyprus. We found similar β diversity patterns at ASV and species (OTU, Operational Taxonomic Unit) levels, which pointed to a primary role of habitat filtering resulting in the existence of largely distinct metacommunities linked to different forest types. Within-habitat turnover was correlated to topoclimatic heterogeneity, again emphasizing the role of environmental filtering. However, when integrating landscape matrix information for the highly fragmented <i>Quercus alnifolia</i> habitat, we also detected a major role of spatial isolation determined by patch connectivity, indicating that stochastic and niche-based processes synergistically govern community assembly. Alpha diversity patterns varied between ASV and OTU levels, with OTU richness decreasing with elevation and ASV richness following a longitudinal gradient, potentially reflecting a decline of genetic diversity eastwards due to historical pressures. Our study demonstrates the utility of haplotype-level community metabarcoding for characterising metacommunity structure of complex assemblages and improving our understanding of biodiversity dynamics across mountainous landscapes worldwide.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Understanding complex spatial dynamics from mechanistic models through spatio-temporal point processes
<p>Landscape heterogeneity affects population dynamics, which determine species persistence, diversity and interactions. These relationships can be accurately represented by advanced spatially-explicit models (SEMs) allowing for high levels of detail and precision. However, such approaches are characterised by high computational complexity, high amount of data and memory requirements, and spatio-temporal outputs may be difficult to analyse. A possibility to deal with this complexity is to aggregate outputs over time or space, but then interesting information may be masked and lost, such as local spatio-temporal relationships or patterns. An alternative solution is given by meta-models and meta-analysis, where simplified mathematical relationships are used to structure and summarise the complex transformations from inputs to outputs. Here, we propose an original approach to analyse SEM outputs. By developing a meta-modelling approach based on spatio-temporal point processes (STPPs), we characterise spatio-temporal population dynamics and landscape heterogeneity relationships in agricultural contexts. A landscape generator and a spatially-explicit population model simulate hierarchically the pest-predator dynamics of codling moth and ground beetles in apple orchards over heterogeneous agricultural landscapes. Spatio-temporally explicit outputs are simplified to marked point patterns of key events, such as local proliferation or introduction events. Then, we construct and estimate regression equations for multi-type STPPs composed of event occurrence intensity and magnitudes. Results provide local insights into spatio-temporal dynamics of pest-predator systems. We are able to differentiate the contributions of different driver categories ( i.e., spatio-temporal, spatial, population dynamics). We highlight changes in the effects on occurrence intensity and magnitude when considering drivers at global or local scale. This approach leads to novel findings in agroecology where, for example, we show that the organisation of cultivated patches and semi-natural elements play different roles for pest regulation depending on the scale considered. It aids to formulate guidelines for biological control strategies at global and local scale.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.