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12 results for “Sphagnum moss”
Fig. 1 in Response of Sphagnum Testate Amoebae to Drainage, Subsequent Re-wetting and Associated Changes in the Moss Carpet - Results from a Three Year Mesocosm Experiment
Fig. 1. Left: schematic cross-section through a mesocosm showing the peat and Sphagnum layer. Right: expected evolution of community structure or traits over the stress and recovery phases. At the onset of the experiment (T0) the community included the whole range of species living in pool, lawn and hummock, taken in a natural Sphagnum peatland. D1 is the point of maximum disturbance effect and R1 and R2 are sampling points during the recovery phase. Dotted lines represented the possible evolution of both species community structure and community weighted mean of functional traits in response to disturbance. Full recovery depended on the survival potential of species. The new equilibrium represents the situation when the local conditions or present species pool do not allow a fully recovery of original state. In our case this is due to the fact that some species are likely to be lost during the disturbance phase.
Fig. 3 in Response of Sphagnum Testate Amoebae to Drainage, Subsequent Re-wetting and Associated Changes in the Moss Carpet - Results from a Three Year Mesocosm Experiment
Fig. 3. Evolution of standardized effect size of mean pairwise distance between sampling plots relatively to a null model (random species matrix with respect to observed species richness, see text for details) of testate amoeba community weighted mean (CWM) of functional trait data from a Sphagnum fallax mesocosm experiment simulating water table changes. The mean pairwise distance represents the distance separating communities based on the pool of functional traits. Horizontal grey dotted line represents p-value of 0.05, points below the line are significantly different from the null model. Each replicate was represented separately, with a grey scale.
Fig. 2 in Response of Sphagnum Testate Amoebae to Drainage, Subsequent Re-wetting and Associated Changes in the Moss Carpet - Results from a Three Year Mesocosm Experiment
Fig. 2. Principal component analyses (PCA) of a) testate amoeba species and b) community weighted mean (CWM) of functional traits in Sphagnum fallax from a mesocosm experiment simulating water table changes. The species dataset was Hellinger transformed and the CWM data were scaled. Projection of descriptors (left) and samples (right), scaling 2. On the right plots, arrows represent the time line for each treatment (mean coordinates of the five sampling plots of each treatment and time). In both PCAs, axes 1 and 2 were the only significant axes and accounted respectively for 60.4% (species based) and 80.2% (CWM based) of the variance. Characteristic plots for wet and intermediate treatments were labelled. Taxa abbreviations: Amp_wri: Amphitrema wrightianum, Pse_gra: Pseudodifflugia gracilis, Arc_fla: Archerella flavum, Cyc_arc: Cyclopyxis arcelloides, Phy_gri: Physochila griseola, Hya_pap: Hyalosphenia papilio, Cen_acu: Centropyxis aculeata, Hel_syl: Heleopera sylvatica, Cry_ovi: Cryptodifflugia oviformis, Eug_cil: Euglypha ciliata, Phr_acr: Phryganella acropodia, Hel_ros: Heleopera rosea, Cor_dub: Corythion dubium, Neb_tin: Nebela tincta s.l., Arc_cat: Arcella catinus, Ass_mus: Assulina muscorum.
Nitrogen Fixation Responses in Sphagnum Mosses to N-Additions to an Alberta Poor Fen, 2012-2015
Development of the oil sands has led to increasing atmospheric N deposition, with values as high as 17 kg N ha-1 yr-1; regional background levels <2 kg N ha-1 yr-1. To examine responses to N deposition, over five years, we experimentally applied N (as NH4NO3) to a poor fen near Mariana Lake, Alberta, at rates of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 kg N ha-1 yr-1, plus controls (no water or N addition). Between June and August of each year, we measured N2-fixation using the acetylene reduction technique between 2012 and 2015Averaged across all measurement dates, whether described by a linear or segmented regression, N2-fixation rates decreased with increasing N addition. N2-fixation rates were not different between the water addition only treatments and the control treatments (p = 0.44). While increasing N deposition may not substantively change total inputs of new N to bogs, the form of new N inputs shifts to inorganic N in deposition, rather than organic N produced by the microorganisms that are fixing N2.
Data from: Will climate change cause the global peatland to expand or contract? Evidence from the habitat shift pattern of Sphagnum mosses
<p><span>Peatlands play a crucial role in the global carbon cycle. <em>Sphagnum</em></span><span> mosses (</span><span>peat mosses) are considered to be the peatland ecosystem engineers and contribute to the carbon accumulation in the peatland ecosystems. As cold-adapted species, the dominance of <em>Sphagnum</em> mosses in peatlands will be threatened by climate warming. The response of <em>Sphagnum</em> mosses to climate change is closely related to the future trajectory of carbon fluxes in peatlands. However, the impact of climate change on the habitat suitability of <em>Sphagnum</em> mosses on a global scale is poorly understood. To predict the potential impact of climate change on the global distribution of <em>Sphagnum</em> mosses, we used the MaxEnt model to predict the potential geographic distribution of six <em>Sphagnum</em> species that dominate peatlands in the future (2050 and 2070) under two greenhouse gas emission scenarios (SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5). The results show that the mean temperature of the coldest quarter, precipitation of the driest month, and topsoil calcium carbonate are the main factors affecting the habitat availability of <em>Sphagnum</em> mosses. As the climate warms,<em> Sphagnum</em> mosses tend to migrate northward. The suitable habitat and abundance of <em>Sphagnum</em> mosses increase extensively in the high-latitude boreal peatland (north of 50° N) and decrease on a large scale beyond the high-latitude boreal peatland. The southern edge of boreal peatlands would experience the greatest decline in the suitable habitat and richness of <em>Sphagnum</em> mosses with the temperature rising, and would be a risk area for the transition from carbon sink to carbon source. The spatial-temporal pattern changes of <em>Sphagnum</em> mosses simulated in this study provide a reference for the development of management and conservation strategies for <em>Sphagnum</em> bogs.</span></p>
Assessing moss transplant methods to enhance Sphagnum moss recovery in post-wildfire hydrophobic peat
<p><strong>Wildfire is the dominant disturbance in northern peatlands and can release large quantities of carbon to the atmosphere through combustion. Post-fire peat hydrophobicity can inhibit moss regeneration, thereby decreasing the potential for post-fire carbon sequestration. To investigate how to enhance post-fire recovery we assessed two moss restoration methods (plugs and fragments) in an Alberta poor fen two and three years following wildfire. P<strong>ost-fire peat hydrophobicity and moss regeneration was characterized in four surface cover types: Severely Burned Feather moss hollows (SB-F), Severely Burned Sphagnum fuscum hummocks (SB-S), Lightly Burned S. fuscum hummocks (LB-S), and Lightly Burned Feather moss lawns (LB-F). We then <strong>conducted experiments testing the success of moss plugs and fragments of varying moss species at LB-F and SB-F surface covers, which had high hydrophobicity and low post-fire moss recovery.</strong></strong></strong></p>
Data from: Will climate change cause the global peatland to expand or contract? Evidence from the habitat shift pattern of Sphagnum mosses
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Data from: The effects of quantitative fecundity in the haploid stage on reproductive success and diploid fitness in the aquatic peat moss Sphagnum macrophyllum
A major question in evolutionary biology is how mating patterns affect the fitness of offspring. However, in animals and seed plants it is virtually impossible to investigate the effects of specific gamete genotypes. In bryophytes, haploid gametophytes grow via clonal propagation and produce millions of genetically identical gametes throughout a population. The main goal of this research was to test whether gamete identity has an effect on the fitness of their diploid offspring in a population of the aquatic peat moss Sphagnum macrophyllum. We observed a heavily male-biased sex ratio in gametophyte plants (ramets) and in multilocus microsatellite genotypes (genets). There was a steeper relationship between mating success (number of different haploid mates) and fecundity (number of diploid offspring) for male genets compared with female genets. At the sporophyte level, we observed a weak effect of inbreeding on offspring fitness, but no effect of brood size (number of sporophytes per maternal ramet). Instead, the identities of the haploid male and haploid female parents were significant contributors to variance in fitness of sporophyte offspring in the population. Our results suggest that intrasexual gametophyte/gamete competition may play a role in determining mating success in this population.
Data from: Functional trait evolution in Sphagnum peat mosses and its relationship to niche construction
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Data from: Genetic diversity, sexual condition, and microhabitat preference determine mating patterns in Sphagnum (Sphagnaceae) peat-mosses.
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Data from: The effects of quantitative fecundity in the haploid stage on reproductive success and diploid fitness in the aquatic peat moss Sphagnum macrophyllum
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Data from: Evolution of niche preference in Sphagnum peat mosses
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