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20 results for “Spirophorida”
FIGURE 4 in Craniella quirimure sp. nov. from the mangroves of Bahia (Brazil) (Tetillidae, Spirophorida, Demospongiae)
FIGURE 4 Schematic representation of the megasclere complement and SEM of the microscleres of the holotype. A. Protriaene I. B. Cladome of the prodiaene I. C. Protriaene II. D. Cladome of the prodiaene II. E. Oxea I (main, choanosomal). F. Oxea II (cortical). G. Oxea III (anisoxea, choanosomal). H. Oxea IV (rhizoidal). I. Anatriaene. J. Sigmaspire. Scale bar in m: AD, I = 25; E = 250; FH = 100 and J = 2.
FIGURE 2 in Craniella quirimure sp. nov. from the mangroves of Bahia (Brazil) (Tetillidae, Spirophorida, Demospongiae)
FIGURE 2. Craniella quirimure sp. nov. A. Two specimens alive in an aquarium. Scale bar 2 cm. B. Specimen sectioned sagitally to show inner color pattern. Scale bar 2 cm
FIGURE 1 in Craniella quirimure sp. nov. from the mangroves of Bahia (Brazil) (Tetillidae, Spirophorida, Demospongiae)
FIGURE 1 Map showing the location of Camamu and Todos os Santos bays (State of Bahia, Brazil), indicating Craniella quirimure sp.nov.s typelocality and the other collecting station. A. Todos os Santos Bay (TSB), B Itaparica Channel, C. Itaparica Yacht Club, D. Jacuruna and E. Camamu.
FIGURE 1. A in Acanthotetilla celebensis sp. nov., a new species from North Sulawesi, Indonesia (Porifera: Demospongiae: Spirophorida: Tetillidae)
FIGURE 1. A. Acanthotetilla celebensis sp.nov., in situ photograph of holotype photo N.J. de Voogd; B. Acanthotetilla celebensis sp.nov., preserved specimen of holotype showing the choanosome (scale bar = 3 cm); C. sigmaspire, (scale bar = 2 μm); D. megacanthoxea, (scale bar = 20 μm); E. megacanthoxea, (scale bar = 50 μm); F, G. detail of same, (scale bar = 10 μm); H. oxea, (scale bar = 20 μm); I. protriaene, (scale bar = 10 μm); J. anatriaene, (scale bar = 20 μm).
FIGURE 3. A–H in Three new species of Tetilla Schmidt, 1868 (Tetillidae, Spirophorida, Demospongiae) from Bahia, northeastern Brazil
FIGURE 3. A–H. Spicules of the holotype of Tetilla pentatriaena sp. nov. A. Oxea I, B. Oxea II, C. Oxea III, D. Protriaene I, E. Protriaene II, F. Anatriaene I, G. Anatriaene II, H. Anatriaene III, I. sigmaspire and J. anatriaenes I and II of the choanosome. Scales: A–H = 5 µm, I = 2 µm and G = 10 µm.
FIGURE 2 in Three new species of Tetilla Schmidt, 1868 (Tetillidae, Spirophorida, Demospongiae) from Bahia, northeastern Brazil
FIGURE 2. Tetilla pentatriaena sp. nov.; A. Holotype, preserved specimen (UFBA 2048-POR), body with an oval shape and rhizoids at the base. Scale = 1 mm. B. transverse section (from center to surface) showing the radial skeleton. Scale = 500 µm C. the same specimen with a view from another angle; arrow showing contracted apical oscule. Scale = 0.5 mm. D. detail of one of the principal skeletal tracts showing the arrangement of anatriaenes I. Scale = 50 µm. E. detail of the ectosome. Scale = 100 µm.
FIGURE 5. A in Three new species of Tetilla Schmidt, 1868 (Tetillidae, Spirophorida, Demospongiae) from Bahia, northeastern Brazil
FIGURE 5. A. Spicules of the holotype of Tetilla muricyi sp. nov.; A. Oxea I, B. Oxea II, C. Prodiaene I, D. Prodiaene II, E. Anatriaene I, F. Anatriaene II and G. detail of the oxea II end. Scale: A–F = 50 µm and G = 5 µm.
FIGURE 1 in Three new species of Tetilla Schmidt, 1868 (Tetillidae, Spirophorida, Demospongiae) from Bahia, northeastern Brazil
FIGURE 1. Map indicating the type localities of the three new species of Tetilla: A. North coast of Bahia (NB); B. part of the coast of Salvador and Todos os Santos Bay (TSB); C. Camamu Bay (CB).
FIGURE 4 in Three new species of Tetilla Schmidt, 1868 (Tetillidae, Spirophorida, Demospongiae) from Bahia, northeastern Brazil
FIGURE 4. Tetilla muricyi sp. nov.; A. Holotype; preserved specimen (UFBA 2568-POR), oval body and a thick rhizoids at the base. B. Longitudinal section of paratype (UFBA 2569-POR) showing the inner region; arrow indicates apical oscule. Scale: A–B = 2 cm. C. Transverse section (from center to surface) showing the radial skeleton. Scale = 500 µm. D–F. detail of the ectosome. Scales D = 250 µm, E = 100 µm and F = 50 µm.
FIGURE 7 in Three new species of Tetilla Schmidt, 1868 (Tetillidae, Spirophorida, Demospongiae) from Bahia, northeastern Brazil
FIGURE 7. Spicules of the holotype of Tetilla rodriguesi sp. nov.; A. Oxea I, B. Oxea II, C. Oxea III, D. Protriaene I, E. Protriaene II and F. Anatriaene. Scale: A–G = 50 µm.
FIGURE 6 in Three new species of Tetilla Schmidt, 1868 (Tetillidae, Spirophorida, Demospongiae) from Bahia, northeastern Brazil
FIGURE 6. Tetilla rodriguesi sp. nov.; A. Holotype; preserved specimen (UFBA 2046-POR), displaying pear-shaped body and a rhizoid at the base. Scale = 2 mm. B. transverse section (from center to surface) showing the radial skeleton. Scale = 500 µm. C. detail of the ectosome. Scale = 500 µm.
FIGURE 7. Taxon Area Cladograms for A in Phylogeny and an integrated biogeography of Acanthotetilla Burton, 1959 (Demospongiae: Spirophorida: Tetillidae): two-way traffic on the peri-African track
FIGURE 7. Taxon Area Cladograms for A. Mycale immitis (Schmidt, 1870) group; B. Mycale australis (Gray, 1867) group [= M. (Grapelia) spp. sensu Van Soest et al. (2011)]; C. Thrinacophora Ridley, 1885; D. Acarnus Gray, 1867; E. Didiscus Dendy, 1922; F. Placospongia Gray, 1867; G. Rhabderemia Topsent, 1890 and H. Petromica Topsent, 1898. A–E from Van Soest & Hajdu (1997). F. from Nichols and Barnes (2005). G. from Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez (2008). H. from List-Armitage & Hooper (2002). Areas utilized in the original biogeographic analyses were transformed into Spalding et al.'s (2007) provinces (Table 4). The black circles indicate cladogenetic events separating the areas considered in the TAC-TAC comparisons performed.
FIGURE 6 in Phylogeny and an integrated biogeography of Acanthotetilla Burton, 1959 (Demospongiae: Spirophorida: Tetillidae): two-way traffic on the peri-African track
FIGURE 6. Panbiogeographic map elaborated from both the current distribution of Acanthotetilla spp. and its phylogenetic cladogram (Fig. 5) by the hand method listed in Henderson (1989), subsequently adapted by Hajdu (1995) and in the present study. Arrowheads represent the polarity of each track. Multiple arrowheads in a single track imply several polarities inferred for that track. Letters in square: C = A. celebensis, E = A. enigmatica, G = A. gorgonosclera, H = A. hemisphaerica, R = A. rocasensis, S = A. seychellensis, W = A. walteri.
FIGURE 5 in Phylogeny and an integrated biogeography of Acanthotetilla Burton, 1959 (Demospongiae: Spirophorida: Tetillidae): two-way traffic on the peri-African track
FIGURE 5. Taxon Area Cladogram (TAC) for Acanthotetilla sp. obtained by substituting each terminal taxon by the provinces of Spalding et al. (2007) where they occur. 12, Tropical Northwestern Atlantic. 14, Tropical Southwestern Atlantic. 19, Somali / Arabian. 20, Western Indian Ocean. 29, Tropical Northwestern Pacific. 30, Western Coral Triangle. Spalding et al.'s Realms are identified on the right side. Provinces listed in italics above each node are reconstructions by DIVA 1.1 (Ronquist 1996) of likely ancestral areas.
FIGURE 2 in Phylogeny and an integrated biogeography of Acanthotetilla Burton, 1959 (Demospongiae: Spirophorida: Tetillidae): two-way traffic on the peri-African track
FIGURE 2. Detail of the acanthose diactines of: A—Acanthotetilla seychellensis (RMCA 1410); B—A. rocasensis (MNRJ 6359); C—A. gorgonosclera (ZMA POR 3814); D—A. walteri (UFBA 1896); E—A. celebensis (RMNH POR. 2877); F—A. enigmatica (line art from Van Soest, 1977); G—A. hemisphaerica (line art from Van Soest, 1977); H—C. levantinensis (UFBA 3261); and I—Cinanchyrella kuekenthali (UFBA 2082).
FIGURE 4 in Phylogeny and an integrated biogeography of Acanthotetilla Burton, 1959 (Demospongiae: Spirophorida: Tetillidae): two-way traffic on the peri-African track
FIGURE 4. Most parsimonious cladogram (Nelson consensus = majority-rule consensus with other compatible groupings) for the phylogenetic relationships of Acanthotetilla spp. and outgroups. Numbers above the nodes represent apomorphic, homoplastic and (underlying-) synapomorphic character states. See text for a list of characters and their states utilized in the present analysis. This tree has 29.86 steps, CI = 0.89, HI = 0.10, RI = 0.93 RC = 0.83. Numbers underneath each node are Bootstrap Support for unweighted analyses/ Bootstrap Support for subsequently weighted analyses/ Bremer support for unweighted analyses/ Bremer support for subsequently weighted analyses/ Bayesian credibility (values between paretheses). * nodes present in the Nelson consensus but not in Bootstrap or Bremer trees.
FIGURE 1 in Phylogeny and an integrated biogeography of Acanthotetilla Burton, 1959 (Demospongiae: Spirophorida: Tetillidae): two-way traffic on the peri-African track
FIGURE 1. Perpendicular section (from center to surface) showing the skeleton of: A—Acanthotetilla gorgonosclera (ZMA POR 3814); B—A. celebensis (RMNH POR. 2877); C—A. walteri (UFBA 1896); D—A. rocasensis (MNRJ 6359); E—Cinanchyrella kuekenthali (UFBA 2082); F—C. levantinensis (MNHN-DJV 94) from Vacelet et al. (2007).
Data from: Phylogeny of Tetillidae (Porifera, Demospongiae, Spirophorida) based on three molecular markers
Tetillidae are spherical to elliptical cosmopolitan demosponges. The family comprises eight genera: namely, Acanthotetilla Burton, 1959, Amphitethya Lendenfeld, 1907, Cinachyra Sollas, 1886, Cinachyrella Wilson, 1925, Craniella Schmidt, 1870, Fangophilina Schmidt, 1880, Paratetilla Dendy, 1905, and Tetilla Schmidt, 1868. These genera are characterized by few conflicting morphological characters, resulting in an ambiguity of phylogenetic relationships. The phylogeny of tetillid genera was investigated using the cox1, 18S rRNA and 28S rRNA (C1-D2 domains) genes in 88 specimens (8 genera, 28 species). Five clades were identified: (i) Cinachyrella, Paratetilla and Amphitethya species, (ii) Cinachyrella levantinensis, (iii) Tetilla, (iv) Craniella, Cinachyra and Fangophilina and (v) Acanthotetilla. Consequently, the phylogenetic analysis supports the monophyly of Tetilla, a genus lacking any known morphological synapomorphy. Acanthotetilla is also recovered. In contrast, within the first clade, species of the genera Paratetilla and Amphitethya were nested within Cinachyrella. Similarly, within the fourth clade, species of the genera Cinachyra and Fangophilina were nested within Craniella. As previously postulated by taxonomists, the loss of ectodermal specialization (i.e., a cortex) has occurred several times independently. Nevertheless, the presence or absence of a cortex and its features carry a phylogenetic signal. Surprisingly, the common view that assumes close relationships among sponges with porocalices (i.e., surface depressions) is refuted.
Data from: Phylogeny of Tetillidae (Porifera, Demospongiae, Spirophorida) based on three molecular markers
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FIGURE 3 in Phylogeny and an integrated biogeography of Acanthotetilla Burton, 1959 (Demospongiae: Spirophorida: Tetillidae): two-way traffic on the peri-African track
FIGURE 3. Comparative display of the acanthose diactines of Acanthotetilla spp. (megacanthoxeas, A–V) and Cinachyrella spp. (acanthomicroxeas, W–AD). A–C, A. celebensis De Voogd & Van Soest, 2007 (holotype RMNH POR 2877). A, megacanthoxeas I. B, detail of megacanthoxeas I. C, megacanthoxeas II. D–F, A. celebensis De Voogd & Van Soest, 2007 (NIWA 49897). D, megacanthoxeas I. F, detail of megacanthoxea I. F, megacanthoxeas II. G–N, A. walteri Peixinho et al., 2007. G–H (holotype UFBA 1902 POR), megacanthoxeas (G) and detail of megacanthoxea (H). I–J (paratype UFBA 1896 POR), megacanthoxeas (I) and detail of megacanthoxea (J). K–L (paratype UFBA 1897 POR), megacanthoxeas (K) and detail of megacanthoxea (L). M–N (UFBA 2409 POR), megacanthoxeas (M) and detail of megacanthoxea (N). O–P, A. gorgonosclera Van Soest, 1977 (holotype ZMA POR 3814), megacanthoxeas (O) and detail of megacanthoxea (P). Q–R, A. rocasensis Peixinho et al., 2007 (holotype MNRJ 6359), megacanthoxeas (Q) and detail of megacanthoxea (R). S–T, A. seychellensis (Thomas, 1973; holotype MCA1410), megacanthoxeas (S) and detail of megacanthoxea (T). U, A. hemisphaerica Burton, 1959; holotype BMNH 1936.3.4.530), megacanthoxea (from Van Soest 1977: Plate IIc). V, A. enigmatica (Lévi, 1964; holotype, no registration number), megacanthoxea (from Van Soest 1977: Plate IIb). W–Z, C. levantinensis Vacelet et al., 2007 (UFBA 3261 POR), acanthomicroxeas (W, Y), detail of acanthomicroxeas (X, Z). AA–AD, C. kuekenthali (Uliczka, 1929; AA–AB, UFBA 2064 POR; AC–AD, UFBA 2369 POR), acanthomicroxeas (AA, AC), detail of acanthomicroxeas (AB, AD).
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