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47 results for “St. Paul”
Minneapolis-St. Paul Metro Area Residential Bee Lawn Survey, 2022
We surveyed Minneapolis-St. Paul (MSP) metropolitan region residents who have an interest in pollinators and pollinator habitat (e.g., bee lawns). Potential respondents were recruited from MSP pollinator-friendly email listservs. The survey was open from May 24, 2022 to June 30, 2022, and distributed to 494 individuals. Our final N, accounting for broken email addresses, non-responses, and less than 50% survey completion, is 256. The survey contains six categories of questions along with a set of panel data. Question categories include: home, yard, and lawn characteristics and observations; lawn care responsibilities and opinions; bee and bee lawn knowledge and opinions; formal and informal rules shaping lawn decisions; and lawn information sources, trust, authority, and advocacy. Survey respondents were primarily white, older, wealthy, and well-educated women. Our findings show that values influencing lawn management are primarily environmentally focused (e.g., pollinators, climate) rather than aesthetically focused (e.g., increases property values, fits neighborhood look). Generally, individuals reported that there are no—or they are unsure-- whether there are formal (e.g., ordinances), and informal (e.g., neighbor expectations) rules about lawn management. Respondents overwhelmingly report that University of Minnesota Extension is a highly trusted source of lawn management information. Finally, the majority of respondents promote or encourage alternative lawn management practices (e.g., bee lawns, pollinator gardens), primarily through informal activities (e.g., block parties, word of mouth).
Sap-flux and associated environmental data from ash tree monitoring at four urban parks in St. Paul, Minnesota, USA, from May to November of 2023.
We measured the sap flux density of eighteen ash trees (Fraxinus spp.) of varying health and canopy conditions across four urban parks in the City of St. Paul, MN, USA in summer 2023 with a low-cost, compact data logger system we designed in-house. Although many ash trees in the city have either been killed or removed to control the spread of Emerald Ash Borer, chemical insecticide treatments are available for trees that are in early stages infestation. The trees selected for the research have all been receiving insecticide treatment for a few years, but their health and canopy conditions vary. We also have collocated temperature, soil moisture, and precipitation measurements at the same site for summer 2023.
Minneapolis-St. Paul Air Quality Sensor output 2024-2025
In the summers since field research at the MSP LTER began, wildfire smoke has led to record highs in Minnesota's Air Quality Index and there has been increasing public concern over the acute and long-term impacts of exposure to toxins in the air. In 2024, the MSP LTER acquired a small network of PurpleAir sensors to place in key areas alongside transplanted lichens that are also used in air quality research. In addition to Particulate Matter, the sensor models used here also are equipped with experimental VOC detection (Volatile Organic Compounds). PurpleAir sensors were collocated with lichens at two locations in St. Paul MN, one in Roseville MN, and one at Cedar Creek Ecosystem Reserve in Northern Anoka County, MN. After lichen material was collected, the sensors remained at the site to keep reporting to community air quality tracking maps. Data from the sensors is being regularly appended to a file on the MSP LTER GitHub page and is planned to be archived long-term.
Minneapolis-St. Paul Urban Tree Inventory
This dataset is a compilation of spatially explicit, species-specific urban tree inventories from across the seven-county Minneapolis-St. Paul (MSP) metropolitan area in Minnesota, U.S.A. The dataset was compiled to examine fine-scale patterns of tree biodiversity across MSP. Existing tree inventories were solicited from all municipalities, counties, park systems, and relevant non-profit organizations in the region for which we were able to find contact information, resulting in inventories from 35 municipalities, one county, one park system, three non-profit organizations and and two prior academic research efforts. The spatial and temporal scope of the inventories varies; for example, the inventories from some municipalities include data from a subset of only street trees at one timepoint, while other municipal inventories were continuously updated datasets with spatially comprehensive data for street trees in addition to some trees in parks and private lands. No inventory was fully comprehensive of all trees in an area. Data are assumed to have been collected between 2012-2022, although the timestamp on each data point is not explicit. Individual inventories were combined into one uniform database.
Influence of soil amendment and crop species on nutrient cycling in a St. Paul urban garden, 2017-2023
An experiment was conducted from 2017-2023 at the University of St. Thomas research garden (Saint Paul, MN) to determine rates of nutrient recycling and loss from compost applied to urban gardens. Thirty-two 4 m2 study plots received one of six different soil amendment treatments, with four different crops growing on each plot. Meteorological data includes hourly measurements of rainfall, solar radiation, temperature and relative humidity, and wind speed and direction, from June 2017-October 2023. Hourly soil moisture measurements were recorded at depths of 10 cm, 20 cm, and 30 cm, from June-December 2021, June-October 2022, and June-October 2023. Annual crop harvest totals from each subplot are reported for 2017-2023. Leachate was collected from lysimeters installed in each of the 132 subplots weekly from June-October of each year (2017-2023), recording total volume. Leachate subsamples were analyzed for NO3-N, NH4-N, and PO4-P. Soil samples were collected at the beginning and end of the growing season in 2017, and every two weeks during the growing season from 2018-2023, and analyzed for pH, organic matter, Bray-1 extractable P, available K, nitrate, and ammonium, at the University of Minnesota Analytical Research Laboratory.
Minneapolis-St. Paul (MSP) Metro Area bee lawn assessments and bumble bee survey, 2023
Eighty residential lawns were recruited across the seven-county Minneapolis-St. Paul Metropolitan Area to take part in a survey of bumble bee species, vegetation and soil characteristics across lawns with differing management regimes. Lawns were selected to capture a range across the urban to rural gradient (based on percent of impervious surface) and household incomes and ethnicity at the Census block group level. Approximately half the lawns were characterized as "traditional" lawns, while half were considered "bee lawns" based on initial plant and bee community data. Three non-residential sites were included in this study: Katharine Ordway Natural History Study Area, The Minnesota Bell Museum of Natural History, the University of St. Thomas Stewardship Garden. The Bombus spp. composition was surveyed NON-LETHALLY at each site twice in the summer, with six endangered rusty-patched bumble bees (Bombus affinis) observed in 2023. Each property was also surveyed for plant species composition and soil moisture. Additional soil and site characteristics will accompany this dataset at a later date. Locations of the lawns are jittered randomly to protect the privacy of participating residents in the study.
Modeling the effects of lake morphology on chloride retention and salt-driven stratification in two urban lakes in St. Paul, MN
Road salt inputs have caused widespread salinization of urban lakes in northern temperate regions. Watershed characteristics are known to be important drivers of lake chloride concentrations, but there has been less focus on how lake morphometry influences seasonal and interannual dynamics in lake chloride, and how these chloride levels may alter mixing in the water column. We analyzed chloride retention for two urban lakes (Como Lake and Lake McCarrons) in Saint Paul, Minnesota, that are in adjacent watersheds and have similar surface areas, but differ in depth and water residence time. Summer chloride concentrations were negatively related to total summer precipitation for Como Lake (maximum depth 2.2 m), but the relationship was less strong for Lake McCarrons (maximum depth 7.6 m). We used a zero-dimensional model to simulate chloride dynamics in both lakes and tracked the fate of chloride over time. In Como Lake, the mass of chloride in the lake turns over within three years, whereas chloride inputs are retained for >10 years in Lake McCarrons. We then used a one-dimensional hydrodynamic lake model (GLM-AED) to examine how lake depth affects how current chloride loading rates alter lake mixing. Salt inputs significantly extended the duration of summer stratification for simulated lakes with depths of 8 m or more, and salt inputs increased the number of days of hypoxia and anoxia across all depths. These results underscore the importance of considering lake morphometry in understanding the effects of salt inputs on lake ecosystems.
Predicted Beaver Dam Building Capacity in the Minneapolis-St. Paul Metro Area
The Beaver Restoration Assessment Tool (BRAT) (MacFarlane et al., 2015) is a predictive model that integrates hydrology, topography, vegetation, and land use data to predict existing and historical beaver dam building capacity within a watershed. The model was run on the HUC8 Mississippi River Twin Cities Watershed (07010206) in March 2025. The output displayed is a shapefile of the Conservation Restoration Model, which includes existing and historical dam building capacity as well as restoration opportunities.
Minneapolis-St. Paul Metro Area Lakes Surface Water Quality Characteristics
Urban lakes are heavily impacted by human activities and climate variability, and they provide many ecosystem services to residents. The MSP LTER program is studying long term changes in urban lake water quality, ecology and management as part of our long term studies of urban environments. The goal of this dataset is to understand how land-use change, management, and climate have impacted urban lake biogeochemistry over time. This dataset includes parameters characterizing the long term (> 5 years) surface water quality and chemistry of 294 lakes and ponds in the Minneapolis-Saint Paul Seven County Metropolitan Area, Minnesota, USA. The dataset draws from data publicly available through the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency and data provided by individual agencies, park districts and cities. The dataset is distinct from other lake datasets because it is curated to only report a single value per lake x date x parameter, minimizing the amount of data manipulation needed before use in statistical analyses. All data come from the top two meters of the water column. In the case of multiple spatial measurements on a single lake or multiple agencies sampling the same lake on the same day, chemistry data were averaged to generate a single value. For Secchi data, the deepest reported observation on a given lake x date was used. Parameters: total phosphorus, total nitrogen, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, nitrate, nitrite, nitrate + nitrite (NOx), ammonium, chlorophyll a (corrected and not corrected for pheophytin), specific conductivity, chloride, and Secchi depth. These waterbodies are identified by their DNR Division of Water (DOW) number with minor alterations for subbasin identification. This dataset does not comprehensively represent all lentic waterbodies that have substantial water quality data in the metro area, and some included waterbodies may be considered wetlands according to state classifications. The data brought together in this database has undergone QAQC by the
Butterfly heavy metal content, wing size, egg count, and brain mass in the Minneapolis-St. Paul (MSP) Metropolitan Area
We collected 26 common species of butterflies across a gradient of lead pollution in the Twin Cities metropolitan area (Minneapolis and St. Paul, MN, USA). We measured their thorax lead concentrations and their body condition including wing area, number of eggs, and brain mass. We also quantified lead in the soil, host plant leaves, and air (through lichen bio-monitors) at sites where the butterflies were collected.
Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN Canopy Temperature and Combined Urban Tree Index (CUTI), 2018-2021
This dataset includes a series of raster datasets of canopy temperature across Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN at a resolution of approximately 70 meters. There are data from five different warm, summer afternoons from 2018-2021. The canopy temperature data was derived from ECOSTRESS Land Surface Temperature and Emissivity data and high-resolution land cover data using a downscaling approach. Canopy temperature acts as a proxy of canopy health and function, with higher temperatures indicative of higher stress and lower function in the canopy. For each image, we also compute the combined urban tree index (CUTI), a metric we developed that provides an indication of relative benefits from urban canopy which arise from a combination of the amount and function/health of urban canopy (based on the canopy temperature). CUTI ranges from 0-1, with high values indicating areas likely experiencing greater canopy benefits due to greater canopy cover and better canopy health/function.
Fig. 6 in Prevalence Of Hookworms, Uncinaria Lucasi (Anсylostomatidae), In Northern Fur Seals (Callorhinus Ursinus) On St. Paul Island, Alaska
Fig. 6. Prevalence of Uncinaria lucasi parasitic L3 observed in the blubber of subadult NFS males on St. Paul Island since 1963.
Fig. 5 in Prevalence Of Hookworms, Uncinaria Lucasi (Anсylostomatidae), In Northern Fur Seals (Callorhinus Ursinus) On St. Paul Island, Alaska
Fig. 5. Prevalence of Uncinaria lucasi adult nematodes observed in dead NFS pups on St. Paul Island since 1955.
Fig. 3 in Prevalence Of Hookworms, Uncinaria Lucasi (Anсylostomatidae), In Northern Fur Seals (Callorhinus Ursinus) On St. Paul Island, Alaska
Fig. 3. Parasitic third stage hookworm larvae (L3) from the blubber of a northern fur seal male: A — general view of entire L3; B — anterior part of L3, lateral view; C — anterior part of L3, dorsal view.
Fig. 2 in Prevalence Of Hookworms, Uncinaria Lucasi (Anсylostomatidae), In Northern Fur Seals (Callorhinus Ursinus) On St. Paul Island, Alaska
Fig. 2. Life cycle of Uncinaria lucasi (drawing adapted after Olsen, 1962): L1, L2 and L3 — free-living larvae of 1st, 2nd and 3rd stages.
Fig. 1. Uncinaria lucasi adults from a in Prevalence Of Hookworms, Uncinaria Lucasi (Anсylostomatidae), In Northern Fur Seals (Callorhinus Ursinus) On St. Paul Island, Alaska
Fig. 1. Uncinaria lucasi adults from a northern fur seal pup Callorhinus ursinus: A — anterior end, dorsal view; B — anterior end, lateral view; C — male tail; D — female tail.
Fig. 3 in The cestode community in northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) on St. Paul Island, Alaska
Fig. 3. Scanning electron micrographs of cestodes from the northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus). Scoleces of adults of Adenocephalus pacificus (A–D, F). Scoleces of adults of Diplogonoporus tetrapterus (I–P). Gonopores of D. tetrapterus (O). Unidentified plerocercoids (E, G, H, R).
Fig. 2 in The cestode community in northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) on St. Paul Island, Alaska
Fig. 2. Distribution of cestodes in the northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) (A) and between sub-populations inhabiting separate haul-outs (B) from St. Paul Island, Alaska.
Fig. 1 in The cestode community in northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) on St. Paul Island, Alaska
Fig. 1. Map showing the areas at which helminths of the northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) have been studied by previous authors (gray circles) and the present authors (black circle) in the Bering Sea. The detailed map of St. Paul Island, Alaska with sampling sites (rookeries) is enlarged.
Old St Paul's Cathedral Model
A model of old St Paul's Cathedral in the Museum of London. This Norman cathedral was dedicated in 1241 after the previous Anglo-Saxon church was destroyed by fire in 1087. 158 photos taken in September 2019 with a Sony a6000 and processed in Agisoft Metashape. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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