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209 results for “Starter Data Kits”
Dataset: Spatial Data Starter Kit for OnSSET Energy Planning in Kitui County, Kenya
<p>This is a set of openly-available data pre-processed to facilitate county-level energy planning using the Open Source Spatial Electrification Tool (OnSSET) in Kitui County, Kenya. It provides a ready-to-use starter kit of data inputs for county-level OnSSET analysis. The work to identify these data is submitted for publication - publication details will be added here as soon as possible upon release. These data are contained in spatial data files used to create the input for OnSSET in Kitui, and a prepared CSV data input for OnSSET in Kitui (<em>kitui_OnSSET_data</em>). The following spatial data files are included in the dataset:</p> <ul> <li>kitui_admin: A vector (.geojson) file containing the administrative boundaries of Kitui county. </li> <li>kitui_clusters: A vector (.geojson) file locating population clusters generated in data processing for OnSSET.</li> <li>kitui_demand: A raster (.tif) file containing merged health, agriculture, commercial, and residential demands for Kitui county in kWh.</li> <li>kitui_elevation: A raster (.tif) containing elevation information.</li> <li>kitui_GHI: A raster (.tif) file containing global horizontal irradiance data for Kitui county.</li> <li>kitui_hydro: A vector (.geojson) file containing the locations of hydropower stations in Kitui county. Note that there are none, and that this is expected.</li> <li>kitui_night_lights: A raster (.tif) file capturing the light emitted from Kitui county at night.</li> <li>kitui_power_stations: A vector (.geojson) file showing the locations of power stations in Kitui county.</li> <li>kitui_roads: A vector (.geojson) file showing the main roadways in Kitui county.</li> <li>kitui_transformers: A vector (.geojson) file showing transformer locations in Kitui county.</li> <li>kitui_transmission_lines: A vector (.geojson) file locating transmission lines in Kitui county. </li> <li>kitui_travel_hours: A raster (.tif) file showing travel time to the nearest market center in Kitui county.</li> <li>kitui_wind_100: A raster (.tif) file of wind speeds at 100 m in Kitui county.</li> </ul> <p>This dataset has been produced through work undertaken in the Climate Compatible Growth Programme.</p>
Infrastructure Climate Resilience Assessment Data Starter Kit for South Africa
<p> This starter data kit collects extracts from global, open datasets relating to climate hazards and infrastructure systems. </p> <p> These extracts are derived from global datasets which have been clipped to the national scale (or subnational, in cases where national boundaries have been split, generally to separate outlying islands or non-contiguous regions), using Natural Earth (2023) boundaries, and is not meant to express an opinion about borders, territory or sovereignty. </p> <p> Human-induced climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of climate and weather extremes. This is causing widespread, adverse impacts to societies, economies and infrastructures. Climate risk analysis is essential to inform policy decisions aimed at reducing risk. Yet, access to data is often a barrier, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Data are often scattered, hard to find, in formats that are difficult to use or requiring considerable technical expertise. Nevertheless, there are global, open datasets which provide some information about climate hazards, society, infrastructure and the economy. This "data starter kit" aims to kickstart the process and act as a starting point for further model development and scenario analysis. </p> <p>Hazards:</p> <ul> <li>coastal and river flooding (Ward et al, 2020; Baugh et al, 2024)</li> <li>extreme heat and drought (Russell et al 2023, derived from Lange et al, 2020)</li> <li>tropical cyclone wind speeds (Russell 2022, derived from Bloemendaal et al 2020 and Bloemendaal et al 2022)</li> </ul> <p>Exposure:</p> <ul> <li>population (Schiavina et al, 2023)</li> <li>built-up area (Pesaresi et al, 2023)</li> <li>roads (OpenStreetMap, 2023)</li> <li>railways (OpenStreetMap, 2023)</li> <li>power plants (Global Energy Observatory et al, 2018)</li> <li>power transmission lines (Arderne et al, 2020)</li> </ul> <p>Contextual information:</p> <ul> <li>elevation (European Union and ESA, 2021)</li> <li>land-use and land cover (Copernicus Climate Change Service and Climate Data Store, 2019)</li> <li>administrative boundaries from geoBoundaries (Runfola et al., 2020)</li> </ul> <p> The spatial intersection of hazard and exposure datasets is a first step to analyse vulnerability and risk to infrastructure and people. </p> <p> To learn more about related concepts, there is a free short course available through the Open University on <a href="https://www.open.edu/openlearncreate/course/view.php?id=12278">Infrastructure and Climate Resilience</a>. This <a href="https://opsis.eci.ox.ac.uk/courses/2-infra-for-resil/">overview of the course</a> has more details. </p> <p> These Python libraries may be a useful place to start analysis of the data in the packages produced by this workflow: </p> <ul> <li> <a href="https://github.com/tomalrussell/snkit"><code>snkit</code></a> helps clean network data </li> <li> <a href="https://github.com/nismod/snail"><code>nismod-snail</code></a> is designed to help implement infrastructure exposure, damage and risk calculations </li> </ul> <p> The <a href="https://github.com/nismod/open-gira"><code>open-gira</code></a> repository contains a larger workflow for global-scale open-data infrastructure risk and resilience analysis. </p> <p> For a more developed example, some of these datasets were key inputs to a regional climate risk assessment of current and future flooding risks to transport networks in East Africa, which has a related online visualisation tool at <a href="https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/">https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/</a> and is described in detail in Hickford et al (2023). </p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <ul> <li> Arderne, Christopher, Nicolas, Claire, Zorn, Conrad, & Koks, Elco E. (2020). Data from: Predictive mapping of the global power system using open data [Dataset]. In Nature Scientific Data (1.1.1, Vol. 7, Number Article 19). Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3628142">10.5281/zenodo.3628142</a> </li> <li> Baugh, Calum; Colonese, Juan; D'Angelo, Claudia; Dottori, Francesco; Neal, Jeffrey; Prudhomme, Christel; Salamon, Peter (2024): Global river flood hazard maps. European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) [Dataset] PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif">data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, H. (Hans); Muis, S; Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Aerts, J.C.J.H. (Jeroen) (2020): STORM tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/12705164.v3">10.4121/12705164.v3</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, Hans; Dullaart, Job; Haarsma, R.J. (Reindert); Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Martinez, Andrew B.; et al. (2022): STORM climate change tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/14510817.v3">10.4121/14510817.v3</a> </li> <li> Copernicus Climate Change Service, Climate Data Store, (2019): Land cover classification gridded maps from 1992 to present derived from satellite observation. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS). DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.006f2c9a">10.24381/cds.006f2c9a</a> (Accessed on 09-AUG-2024) </li> <li> Copernicus DEM - Global Digital Elevation Model (2021) DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65">10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65</a> (produced using Copernicus WorldDEM™-90 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved) </li> <li> Global Energy Observatory, Google, KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, Enipedia, World Resources Institute. (2018) Global Power Plant Database. Published on Resource Watch and Google Earth Engine; <a href="http://resourcewatch.org/">resourcewatch.org/</a> </li> <li> Hickford et al (2023) Decision support systems for resilient strategic transport networks in low-income countries – Final Report. Available online: <a href="https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries">https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries</a> </li> <li> Lange, S., Volkholz, J., Geiger, T., Zhao, F., Vega, I., Veldkamp, T., et al. (2020). Projecting exposure to extreme climate impact events across six event categories and three spatial scales. Earth's Future, 8, e2020EF001616. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2020EF001616">10.1029/2020EF001616</a> </li> <li> Natural Earth (2023) Admin 0 Map Units, v5.1.1. [Dataset] Available online: <a href="https://www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details/">www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details</a> </li> <li> OpenStreetMap contributors, Russell T., Thomas F., nismod/datapkg contributors (2023) Road and Rail networks derived from OpenStreetMap. [Dataset] Available at <a href="https://global.infrastructureresilience.org">global.infrastructureresilience.org</a> </li> <li> Pesaresi M., Politis P. (2023): GHS-BUILT-S R2023A - GHS built-up surface grid, derived from Sentinel2 composite and Landsat, multitemporal (1975-2030) European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea">data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea</a>, doi:10.2905/9F06F36F-4B11-47EC-ABB0-4F8B7B1D72EA </li> <li> Runfola D, Anderson A, Baier H, Crittenden M, Dowker E, Fuhrig S, et al. (2020) geoBoundaries: A global database of political administrative boundaries. PLoS ONE 15(4): e0231866. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231866">10.1371/journal.pone.0231866</a>. </li> <li> Russell, T., Nicholas, C., & Bernhofen, M. (2023). Annual probability of extreme heat and drought events, derived from Lange et al 2020 (Version 2) [Dataset]. Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8147088">10.5281/zenodo.8147088</a> </li> <li> Schiavina M., Freire S., Carioli A., MacManus K. (2023): GHS-POP R2023A - GHS population grid multitemporal (1975-2030). European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe">data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe</a>, doi:10.2905/2FF68A52-5B5B-4A22-8F40-C41DA8332CFE </li> <li> Ward, P.J., H.C. Winsemius, S. Kuzma, M.F.P. Bierkens, A. Bouwman, H. de Moel, A. Díaz Loaiza, et al. (2020) Aqueduct Floods Methodology. Technical Note. Washington, D.C.: World Resources Institute. Available online at: <a href="https://www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology">www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology</a>. </li> </ul>
Infrastructure Climate Resilience Assessment Data Starter Kit for Nigeria
<p> This starter data kit collects extracts from global, open datasets relating to climate hazards and infrastructure systems. </p> <p> These extracts are derived from global datasets which have been clipped to the national scale (or subnational, in cases where national boundaries have been split, generally to separate outlying islands or non-contiguous regions), using Natural Earth (2023) boundaries, and is not meant to express an opinion about borders, territory or sovereignty. </p> <p> Human-induced climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of climate and weather extremes. This is causing widespread, adverse impacts to societies, economies and infrastructures. Climate risk analysis is essential to inform policy decisions aimed at reducing risk. Yet, access to data is often a barrier, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Data are often scattered, hard to find, in formats that are difficult to use or requiring considerable technical expertise. Nevertheless, there are global, open datasets which provide some information about climate hazards, society, infrastructure and the economy. This "data starter kit" aims to kickstart the process and act as a starting point for further model development and scenario analysis. </p> <p>Hazards:</p> <ul> <li>coastal and river flooding (Ward et al, 2020; Baugh et al, 2024)</li> <li>extreme heat and drought (Russell et al 2023, derived from Lange et al, 2020)</li> <li>tropical cyclone wind speeds (Russell 2022, derived from Bloemendaal et al 2020 and Bloemendaal et al 2022)</li> </ul> <p>Exposure:</p> <ul> <li>population (Schiavina et al, 2023)</li> <li>built-up area (Pesaresi et al, 2023)</li> <li>roads (OpenStreetMap, 2023)</li> <li>railways (OpenStreetMap, 2023)</li> <li>power plants (Global Energy Observatory et al, 2018)</li> <li>power transmission lines (Arderne et al, 2020)</li> </ul> <p>Contextual information:</p> <ul> <li>elevation (European Union and ESA, 2021)</li> <li>land-use and land cover (Copernicus Climate Change Service and Climate Data Store, 2019)</li> <li>administrative boundaries from geoBoundaries (Runfola et al., 2020)</li> </ul> <p> The spatial intersection of hazard and exposure datasets is a first step to analyse vulnerability and risk to infrastructure and people. </p> <p> To learn more about related concepts, there is a free short course available through the Open University on <a href="https://www.open.edu/openlearncreate/course/view.php?id=12278">Infrastructure and Climate Resilience</a>. This <a href="https://opsis.eci.ox.ac.uk/courses/2-infra-for-resil/">overview of the course</a> has more details. </p> <p> These Python libraries may be a useful place to start analysis of the data in the packages produced by this workflow: </p> <ul> <li> <a href="https://github.com/tomalrussell/snkit"><code>snkit</code></a> helps clean network data </li> <li> <a href="https://github.com/nismod/snail"><code>nismod-snail</code></a> is designed to help implement infrastructure exposure, damage and risk calculations </li> </ul> <p> The <a href="https://github.com/nismod/open-gira"><code>open-gira</code></a> repository contains a larger workflow for global-scale open-data infrastructure risk and resilience analysis. </p> <p> For a more developed example, some of these datasets were key inputs to a regional climate risk assessment of current and future flooding risks to transport networks in East Africa, which has a related online visualisation tool at <a href="https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/">https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/</a> and is described in detail in Hickford et al (2023). </p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <ul> <li> Arderne, Christopher, Nicolas, Claire, Zorn, Conrad, & Koks, Elco E. (2020). Data from: Predictive mapping of the global power system using open data [Dataset]. In Nature Scientific Data (1.1.1, Vol. 7, Number Article 19). Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3628142">10.5281/zenodo.3628142</a> </li> <li> Baugh, Calum; Colonese, Juan; D'Angelo, Claudia; Dottori, Francesco; Neal, Jeffrey; Prudhomme, Christel; Salamon, Peter (2024): Global river flood hazard maps. European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) [Dataset] PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif">data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, H. (Hans); Muis, S; Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Aerts, J.C.J.H. (Jeroen) (2020): STORM tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/12705164.v3">10.4121/12705164.v3</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, Hans; Dullaart, Job; Haarsma, R.J. (Reindert); Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Martinez, Andrew B.; et al. (2022): STORM climate change tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/14510817.v3">10.4121/14510817.v3</a> </li> <li> Copernicus Climate Change Service, Climate Data Store, (2019): Land cover classification gridded maps from 1992 to present derived from satellite observation. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS). DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.006f2c9a">10.24381/cds.006f2c9a</a> (Accessed on 09-AUG-2024) </li> <li> Copernicus DEM - Global Digital Elevation Model (2021) DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65">10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65</a> (produced using Copernicus WorldDEM™-90 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved) </li> <li> Global Energy Observatory, Google, KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, Enipedia, World Resources Institute. (2018) Global Power Plant Database. Published on Resource Watch and Google Earth Engine; <a href="http://resourcewatch.org/">resourcewatch.org/</a> </li> <li> Hickford et al (2023) Decision support systems for resilient strategic transport networks in low-income countries – Final Report. Available online: <a href="https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries">https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries</a> </li> <li> Lange, S., Volkholz, J., Geiger, T., Zhao, F., Vega, I., Veldkamp, T., et al. (2020). Projecting exposure to extreme climate impact events across six event categories and three spatial scales. Earth's Future, 8, e2020EF001616. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2020EF001616">10.1029/2020EF001616</a> </li> <li> Natural Earth (2023) Admin 0 Map Units, v5.1.1. [Dataset] Available online: <a href="https://www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details/">www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details</a> </li> <li> OpenStreetMap contributors, Russell T., Thomas F., nismod/datapkg contributors (2023) Road and Rail networks derived from OpenStreetMap. [Dataset] Available at <a href="https://global.infrastructureresilience.org">global.infrastructureresilience.org</a> </li> <li> Pesaresi M., Politis P. (2023): GHS-BUILT-S R2023A - GHS built-up surface grid, derived from Sentinel2 composite and Landsat, multitemporal (1975-2030) European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea">data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea</a>, doi:10.2905/9F06F36F-4B11-47EC-ABB0-4F8B7B1D72EA </li> <li> Runfola D, Anderson A, Baier H, Crittenden M, Dowker E, Fuhrig S, et al. (2020) geoBoundaries: A global database of political administrative boundaries. PLoS ONE 15(4): e0231866. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231866">10.1371/journal.pone.0231866</a>. </li> <li> Russell, T., Nicholas, C., & Bernhofen, M. (2023). Annual probability of extreme heat and drought events, derived from Lange et al 2020 (Version 2) [Dataset]. Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8147088">10.5281/zenodo.8147088</a> </li> <li> Schiavina M., Freire S., Carioli A., MacManus K. (2023): GHS-POP R2023A - GHS population grid multitemporal (1975-2030). European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe">data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe</a>, doi:10.2905/2FF68A52-5B5B-4A22-8F40-C41DA8332CFE </li> <li> Ward, P.J., H.C. Winsemius, S. Kuzma, M.F.P. Bierkens, A. Bouwman, H. de Moel, A. Díaz Loaiza, et al. (2020) Aqueduct Floods Methodology. Technical Note. Washington, D.C.: World Resources Institute. Available online at: <a href="https://www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology">www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology</a>. </li> </ul>
Infrastructure Climate Resilience Assessment Data Starter Kit for Democratic Republic of the Congo
<p> This starter data kit collects extracts from global, open datasets relating to climate hazards and infrastructure systems. </p> <p> These extracts are derived from global datasets which have been clipped to the national scale (or subnational, in cases where national boundaries have been split, generally to separate outlying islands or non-contiguous regions), using Natural Earth (2023) boundaries, and is not meant to express an opinion about borders, territory or sovereignty. </p> <p> Human-induced climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of climate and weather extremes. This is causing widespread, adverse impacts to societies, economies and infrastructures. Climate risk analysis is essential to inform policy decisions aimed at reducing risk. Yet, access to data is often a barrier, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Data are often scattered, hard to find, in formats that are difficult to use or requiring considerable technical expertise. Nevertheless, there are global, open datasets which provide some information about climate hazards, society, infrastructure and the economy. This "data starter kit" aims to kickstart the process and act as a starting point for further model development and scenario analysis. </p> <p>Hazards:</p> <ul> <li>coastal and river flooding (Ward et al, 2020; Baugh et al, 2024)</li> <li>extreme heat and drought (Russell et al 2023, derived from Lange et al, 2020)</li> <li>tropical cyclone wind speeds (Russell 2022, derived from Bloemendaal et al 2020 and Bloemendaal et al 2022)</li> </ul> <p>Exposure:</p> <ul> <li>population (Schiavina et al, 2023)</li> <li>built-up area (Pesaresi et al, 2023)</li> <li>roads (OpenStreetMap, 2023)</li> <li>railways (OpenStreetMap, 2023)</li> <li>power plants (Global Energy Observatory et al, 2018)</li> <li>power transmission lines (Arderne et al, 2020)</li> </ul> <p>Contextual information:</p> <ul> <li>elevation (European Union and ESA, 2021)</li> <li>land-use and land cover (Copernicus Climate Change Service and Climate Data Store, 2019)</li> <li>administrative boundaries from geoBoundaries (Runfola et al., 2020)</li> </ul> <p> The spatial intersection of hazard and exposure datasets is a first step to analyse vulnerability and risk to infrastructure and people. </p> <p> To learn more about related concepts, there is a free short course available through the Open University on <a href="https://www.open.edu/openlearncreate/course/view.php?id=12278">Infrastructure and Climate Resilience</a>. This <a href="https://opsis.eci.ox.ac.uk/courses/2-infra-for-resil/">overview of the course</a> has more details. </p> <p> These Python libraries may be a useful place to start analysis of the data in the packages produced by this workflow: </p> <ul> <li> <a href="https://github.com/tomalrussell/snkit"><code>snkit</code></a> helps clean network data </li> <li> <a href="https://github.com/nismod/snail"><code>nismod-snail</code></a> is designed to help implement infrastructure exposure, damage and risk calculations </li> </ul> <p> The <a href="https://github.com/nismod/open-gira"><code>open-gira</code></a> repository contains a larger workflow for global-scale open-data infrastructure risk and resilience analysis. </p> <p> For a more developed example, some of these datasets were key inputs to a regional climate risk assessment of current and future flooding risks to transport networks in East Africa, which has a related online visualisation tool at <a href="https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/">https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/</a> and is described in detail in Hickford et al (2023). </p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <ul> <li> Arderne, Christopher, Nicolas, Claire, Zorn, Conrad, & Koks, Elco E. (2020). Data from: Predictive mapping of the global power system using open data [Dataset]. In Nature Scientific Data (1.1.1, Vol. 7, Number Article 19). Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3628142">10.5281/zenodo.3628142</a> </li> <li> Baugh, Calum; Colonese, Juan; D'Angelo, Claudia; Dottori, Francesco; Neal, Jeffrey; Prudhomme, Christel; Salamon, Peter (2024): Global river flood hazard maps. European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) [Dataset] PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif">data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, H. (Hans); Muis, S; Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Aerts, J.C.J.H. (Jeroen) (2020): STORM tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/12705164.v3">10.4121/12705164.v3</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, Hans; Dullaart, Job; Haarsma, R.J. (Reindert); Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Martinez, Andrew B.; et al. (2022): STORM climate change tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/14510817.v3">10.4121/14510817.v3</a> </li> <li> Copernicus Climate Change Service, Climate Data Store, (2019): Land cover classification gridded maps from 1992 to present derived from satellite observation. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS). DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.006f2c9a">10.24381/cds.006f2c9a</a> (Accessed on 09-AUG-2024) </li> <li> Copernicus DEM - Global Digital Elevation Model (2021) DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65">10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65</a> (produced using Copernicus WorldDEM™-90 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved) </li> <li> Global Energy Observatory, Google, KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, Enipedia, World Resources Institute. (2018) Global Power Plant Database. Published on Resource Watch and Google Earth Engine; <a href="http://resourcewatch.org/">resourcewatch.org/</a> </li> <li> Hickford et al (2023) Decision support systems for resilient strategic transport networks in low-income countries – Final Report. Available online: <a href="https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries">https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries</a> </li> <li> Lange, S., Volkholz, J., Geiger, T., Zhao, F., Vega, I., Veldkamp, T., et al. (2020). Projecting exposure to extreme climate impact events across six event categories and three spatial scales. Earth's Future, 8, e2020EF001616. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2020EF001616">10.1029/2020EF001616</a> </li> <li> Natural Earth (2023) Admin 0 Map Units, v5.1.1. [Dataset] Available online: <a href="https://www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details/">www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details</a> </li> <li> OpenStreetMap contributors, Russell T., Thomas F., nismod/datapkg contributors (2023) Road and Rail networks derived from OpenStreetMap. [Dataset] Available at <a href="https://global.infrastructureresilience.org">global.infrastructureresilience.org</a> </li> <li> Pesaresi M., Politis P. (2023): GHS-BUILT-S R2023A - GHS built-up surface grid, derived from Sentinel2 composite and Landsat, multitemporal (1975-2030) European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea">data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea</a>, doi:10.2905/9F06F36F-4B11-47EC-ABB0-4F8B7B1D72EA </li> <li> Runfola D, Anderson A, Baier H, Crittenden M, Dowker E, Fuhrig S, et al. (2020) geoBoundaries: A global database of political administrative boundaries. PLoS ONE 15(4): e0231866. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231866">10.1371/journal.pone.0231866</a>. </li> <li> Russell, T., Nicholas, C., & Bernhofen, M. (2023). Annual probability of extreme heat and drought events, derived from Lange et al 2020 (Version 2) [Dataset]. Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8147088">10.5281/zenodo.8147088</a> </li> <li> Schiavina M., Freire S., Carioli A., MacManus K. (2023): GHS-POP R2023A - GHS population grid multitemporal (1975-2030). European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe">data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe</a>, doi:10.2905/2FF68A52-5B5B-4A22-8F40-C41DA8332CFE </li> <li> Ward, P.J., H.C. Winsemius, S. Kuzma, M.F.P. Bierkens, A. Bouwman, H. de Moel, A. Díaz Loaiza, et al. (2020) Aqueduct Floods Methodology. Technical Note. Washington, D.C.: World Resources Institute. Available online at: <a href="https://www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology">www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology</a>. </li> </ul>
Infrastructure Climate Resilience Assessment Data Starter Kit for Namibia
<p> This starter data kit collects extracts from global, open datasets relating to climate hazards and infrastructure systems. </p> <p> These extracts are derived from global datasets which have been clipped to the national scale (or subnational, in cases where national boundaries have been split, generally to separate outlying islands or non-contiguous regions), using Natural Earth (2023) boundaries, and is not meant to express an opinion about borders, territory or sovereignty. </p> <p> Human-induced climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of climate and weather extremes. This is causing widespread, adverse impacts to societies, economies and infrastructures. Climate risk analysis is essential to inform policy decisions aimed at reducing risk. Yet, access to data is often a barrier, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Data are often scattered, hard to find, in formats that are difficult to use or requiring considerable technical expertise. Nevertheless, there are global, open datasets which provide some information about climate hazards, society, infrastructure and the economy. This "data starter kit" aims to kickstart the process and act as a starting point for further model development and scenario analysis. </p> <p>Hazards:</p> <ul> <li>coastal and river flooding (Ward et al, 2020; Baugh et al, 2024)</li> <li>extreme heat and drought (Russell et al 2023, derived from Lange et al, 2020)</li> <li>tropical cyclone wind speeds (Russell 2022, derived from Bloemendaal et al 2020 and Bloemendaal et al 2022)</li> </ul> <p>Exposure:</p> <ul> <li>population (Schiavina et al, 2023)</li> <li>built-up area (Pesaresi et al, 2023)</li> <li>roads (OpenStreetMap, 2025)</li> <li>railways (OpenStreetMap, 2025)</li> <li>power plants (Global Energy Observatory et al, 2018)</li> <li>power transmission lines (Arderne et al, 2020)</li> </ul> <p>Contextual information:</p> <ul> <li>elevation (European Union and ESA, 2021)</li> <li>land-use and land cover (Copernicus Climate Change Service and Climate Data Store, 2019)</li> <li>administrative boundaries from geoBoundaries (Runfola et al., 2020)</li> </ul> <p> The spatial intersection of hazard and exposure datasets is a first step to analyse vulnerability and risk to infrastructure and people. </p> <p> To learn more about related concepts, there is a free short course available through the Open University on <a href="https://www.open.edu/openlearncreate/course/view.php?id=12278">Infrastructure and Climate Resilience</a>. This <a href="https://opsis.eci.ox.ac.uk/courses/2-infra-for-resil/">overview of the course</a> has more details. </p> <p> These Python libraries may be a useful place to start analysis of the data in the packages produced by this workflow: </p> <ul> <li> <a href="https://github.com/tomalrussell/snkit"><code>snkit</code></a> helps clean network data </li> <li> <a href="https://github.com/nismod/snail"><code>nismod-snail</code></a> is designed to help implement infrastructure exposure, damage and risk calculations </li> </ul> <p> The <a href="https://github.com/nismod/open-gira"><code>open-gira</code></a> repository contains a larger workflow for global-scale open-data infrastructure risk and resilience analysis. </p> <p> For a more developed example, some of these datasets were key inputs to a regional climate risk assessment of current and future flooding risks to transport networks in East Africa, which has a related online visualisation tool at <a href="https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/">https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/</a> and is described in detail in Hickford et al (2023). </p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <ul> <li> Arderne, Christopher, Nicolas, Claire, Zorn, Conrad, & Koks, Elco E. (2020). Data from: Predictive mapping of the global power system using open data [Dataset]. In Nature Scientific Data (1.1.1, Vol. 7, Number Article 19). Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3628142">10.5281/zenodo.3628142</a> </li> <li> Baugh, Calum; Colonese, Juan; D'Angelo, Claudia; Dottori, Francesco; Neal, Jeffrey; Prudhomme, Christel; Salamon, Peter (2024): Global river flood hazard maps. European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) [Dataset] PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif">data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, H. (Hans); Muis, S; Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Aerts, J.C.J.H. (Jeroen) (2020): STORM tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/12705164.v3">10.4121/12705164.v3</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, Hans; Dullaart, Job; Haarsma, R.J. (Reindert); Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Martinez, Andrew B.; et al. (2022): STORM climate change tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/14510817.v3">10.4121/14510817.v3</a> </li> <li> Copernicus Climate Change Service, Climate Data Store, (2019): Land cover classification gridded maps from 1992 to present derived from satellite observation. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS). DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.006f2c9a">10.24381/cds.006f2c9a</a> (Accessed on 09-AUG-2024) </li> <li> Copernicus DEM - Global Digital Elevation Model (2021) DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65">10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65</a> (produced using Copernicus WorldDEM™-90 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved) </li> <li> Global Energy Observatory, Google, KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, Enipedia, World Resources Institute. (2018) Global Power Plant Database. Published on Resource Watch and Google Earth Engine; <a href="http://resourcewatch.org/">resourcewatch.org/</a> </li> <li> Hickford et al (2023) Decision support systems for resilient strategic transport networks in low-income countries – Final Report. Available online: <a href="https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries">https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries</a> </li> <li> Lange, S., Volkholz, J., Geiger, T., Zhao, F., Vega, I., Veldkamp, T., et al. (2020). Projecting exposure to extreme climate impact events across six event categories and three spatial scales. Earth's Future, 8, e2020EF001616. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2020EF001616">10.1029/2020EF001616</a> </li> <li> Natural Earth (2023) Admin 0 Map Units, v5.1.1. [Dataset] Available online: <a href="https://www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details/">www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details</a> </li> <li> OpenStreetMap contributors, Russell T., Thomas F., nismod/datapkg contributors (2025) Road and Rail networks derived from OpenStreetMap. [Dataset] Available at <a href="https://global.infrastructureresilience.org">global.infrastructureresilience.org</a> </li> <li> Pesaresi M., Politis P. (2023): GHS-BUILT-S R2023A - GHS built-up surface grid, derived from Sentinel2 composite and Landsat, multitemporal (1975-2030) European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea">data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea</a>, doi:10.2905/9F06F36F-4B11-47EC-ABB0-4F8B7B1D72EA </li> <li> Runfola D, Anderson A, Baier H, Crittenden M, Dowker E, Fuhrig S, et al. (2020) geoBoundaries: A global database of political administrative boundaries. PLoS ONE 15(4): e0231866. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231866">10.1371/journal.pone.0231866</a>. </li> <li> Russell, T., Nicholas, C., & Bernhofen, M. (2023). Annual probability of extreme heat and drought events, derived from Lange et al 2020 (Version 2) [Dataset]. Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8147088">10.5281/zenodo.8147088</a> </li> <li> Schiavina M., Freire S., Carioli A., MacManus K. (2023): GHS-POP R2023A - GHS population grid multitemporal (1975-2030). European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe">data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe</a>, doi:10.2905/2FF68A52-5B5B-4A22-8F40-C41DA8332CFE </li> <li> Ward, P.J., H.C. Winsemius, S. Kuzma, M.F.P. Bierkens, A. Bouwman, H. de Moel, A. Díaz Loaiza, et al. (2020) Aqueduct Floods Methodology. Technical Note. Washington, D.C.: World Resources Institute. Available online at: <a href="https://www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology">www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology</a>. </li> </ul>
Infrastructure Climate Resilience Assessment Data Starter Kit for Libya
<p> This starter data kit collects extracts from global, open datasets relating to climate hazards and infrastructure systems. </p> <p> These extracts are derived from global datasets which have been clipped to the national scale (or subnational, in cases where national boundaries have been split, generally to separate outlying islands or non-contiguous regions), using Natural Earth (2023) boundaries, and is not meant to express an opinion about borders, territory or sovereignty. </p> <p> Human-induced climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of climate and weather extremes. This is causing widespread, adverse impacts to societies, economies and infrastructures. Climate risk analysis is essential to inform policy decisions aimed at reducing risk. Yet, access to data is often a barrier, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Data are often scattered, hard to find, in formats that are difficult to use or requiring considerable technical expertise. Nevertheless, there are global, open datasets which provide some information about climate hazards, society, infrastructure and the economy. This "data starter kit" aims to kickstart the process and act as a starting point for further model development and scenario analysis. </p> <p>Hazards:</p> <ul> <li>coastal and river flooding (Ward et al, 2020; Baugh et al, 2024)</li> <li>extreme heat and drought (Russell et al 2023, derived from Lange et al, 2020)</li> <li>tropical cyclone wind speeds (Russell 2022, derived from Bloemendaal et al 2020 and Bloemendaal et al 2022)</li> </ul> <p>Exposure:</p> <ul> <li>population (Schiavina et al, 2023)</li> <li>built-up area (Pesaresi et al, 2023)</li> <li>roads (OpenStreetMap, 2025)</li> <li>railways (OpenStreetMap, 2025)</li> <li>power plants (Global Energy Observatory et al, 2018)</li> <li>power transmission lines (Arderne et al, 2020)</li> </ul> <p>Contextual information:</p> <ul> <li>elevation (European Union and ESA, 2021)</li> <li>land-use and land cover (Copernicus Climate Change Service and Climate Data Store, 2019)</li> <li>administrative boundaries from geoBoundaries (Runfola et al., 2020)</li> </ul> <p> The spatial intersection of hazard and exposure datasets is a first step to analyse vulnerability and risk to infrastructure and people. </p> <p> To learn more about related concepts, there is a free short course available through the Open University on <a href="https://www.open.edu/openlearncreate/course/view.php?id=12278">Infrastructure and Climate Resilience</a>. This <a href="https://opsis.eci.ox.ac.uk/courses/2-infra-for-resil/">overview of the course</a> has more details. </p> <p> These Python libraries may be a useful place to start analysis of the data in the packages produced by this workflow: </p> <ul> <li> <a href="https://github.com/tomalrussell/snkit"><code>snkit</code></a> helps clean network data </li> <li> <a href="https://github.com/nismod/snail"><code>nismod-snail</code></a> is designed to help implement infrastructure exposure, damage and risk calculations </li> </ul> <p> The <a href="https://github.com/nismod/open-gira"><code>open-gira</code></a> repository contains a larger workflow for global-scale open-data infrastructure risk and resilience analysis. </p> <p> For a more developed example, some of these datasets were key inputs to a regional climate risk assessment of current and future flooding risks to transport networks in East Africa, which has a related online visualisation tool at <a href="https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/">https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/</a> and is described in detail in Hickford et al (2023). </p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <ul> <li> Arderne, Christopher, Nicolas, Claire, Zorn, Conrad, & Koks, Elco E. (2020). Data from: Predictive mapping of the global power system using open data [Dataset]. In Nature Scientific Data (1.1.1, Vol. 7, Number Article 19). Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3628142">10.5281/zenodo.3628142</a> </li> <li> Baugh, Calum; Colonese, Juan; D'Angelo, Claudia; Dottori, Francesco; Neal, Jeffrey; Prudhomme, Christel; Salamon, Peter (2024): Global river flood hazard maps. European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) [Dataset] PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif">data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, H. (Hans); Muis, S; Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Aerts, J.C.J.H. (Jeroen) (2020): STORM tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/12705164.v3">10.4121/12705164.v3</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, Hans; Dullaart, Job; Haarsma, R.J. (Reindert); Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Martinez, Andrew B.; et al. (2022): STORM climate change tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/14510817.v3">10.4121/14510817.v3</a> </li> <li> Copernicus Climate Change Service, Climate Data Store, (2019): Land cover classification gridded maps from 1992 to present derived from satellite observation. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS). DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.006f2c9a">10.24381/cds.006f2c9a</a> (Accessed on 09-AUG-2024) </li> <li> Copernicus DEM - Global Digital Elevation Model (2021) DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65">10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65</a> (produced using Copernicus WorldDEM™-90 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved) </li> <li> Global Energy Observatory, Google, KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, Enipedia, World Resources Institute. (2018) Global Power Plant Database. Published on Resource Watch and Google Earth Engine; <a href="http://resourcewatch.org/">resourcewatch.org/</a> </li> <li> Hickford et al (2023) Decision support systems for resilient strategic transport networks in low-income countries – Final Report. Available online: <a href="https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries">https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries</a> </li> <li> Lange, S., Volkholz, J., Geiger, T., Zhao, F., Vega, I., Veldkamp, T., et al. (2020). Projecting exposure to extreme climate impact events across six event categories and three spatial scales. Earth's Future, 8, e2020EF001616. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2020EF001616">10.1029/2020EF001616</a> </li> <li> Natural Earth (2023) Admin 0 Map Units, v5.1.1. [Dataset] Available online: <a href="https://www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details/">www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details</a> </li> <li> OpenStreetMap contributors, Russell T., Thomas F., nismod/datapkg contributors (2025) Road and Rail networks derived from OpenStreetMap. [Dataset] Available at <a href="https://global.infrastructureresilience.org">global.infrastructureresilience.org</a> </li> <li> Pesaresi M., Politis P. (2023): GHS-BUILT-S R2023A - GHS built-up surface grid, derived from Sentinel2 composite and Landsat, multitemporal (1975-2030) European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea">data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea</a>, doi:10.2905/9F06F36F-4B11-47EC-ABB0-4F8B7B1D72EA </li> <li> Runfola D, Anderson A, Baier H, Crittenden M, Dowker E, Fuhrig S, et al. (2020) geoBoundaries: A global database of political administrative boundaries. PLoS ONE 15(4): e0231866. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231866">10.1371/journal.pone.0231866</a>. </li> <li> Russell, T., Nicholas, C., & Bernhofen, M. (2023). Annual probability of extreme heat and drought events, derived from Lange et al 2020 (Version 2) [Dataset]. Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8147088">10.5281/zenodo.8147088</a> </li> <li> Schiavina M., Freire S., Carioli A., MacManus K. (2023): GHS-POP R2023A - GHS population grid multitemporal (1975-2030). European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe">data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe</a>, doi:10.2905/2FF68A52-5B5B-4A22-8F40-C41DA8332CFE </li> <li> Ward, P.J., H.C. Winsemius, S. Kuzma, M.F.P. Bierkens, A. Bouwman, H. de Moel, A. Díaz Loaiza, et al. (2020) Aqueduct Floods Methodology. Technical Note. Washington, D.C.: World Resources Institute. Available online at: <a href="https://www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology">www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology</a>. </li> </ul>
Infrastructure Climate Resilience Assessment Data Starter Kit for Sudan
<p> This starter data kit collects extracts from global, open datasets relating to climate hazards and infrastructure systems. </p> <p> These extracts are derived from global datasets which have been clipped to the national scale (or subnational, in cases where national boundaries have been split, generally to separate outlying islands or non-contiguous regions), using Natural Earth (2023) boundaries, and is not meant to express an opinion about borders, territory or sovereignty. </p> <p> Human-induced climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of climate and weather extremes. This is causing widespread, adverse impacts to societies, economies and infrastructures. Climate risk analysis is essential to inform policy decisions aimed at reducing risk. Yet, access to data is often a barrier, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Data are often scattered, hard to find, in formats that are difficult to use or requiring considerable technical expertise. Nevertheless, there are global, open datasets which provide some information about climate hazards, society, infrastructure and the economy. This "data starter kit" aims to kickstart the process and act as a starting point for further model development and scenario analysis. </p> <p>Hazards:</p> <ul> <li>coastal and river flooding (Ward et al, 2020; Baugh et al, 2024)</li> <li>extreme heat and drought (Russell et al 2023, derived from Lange et al, 2020)</li> <li>tropical cyclone wind speeds (Russell 2022, derived from Bloemendaal et al 2020 and Bloemendaal et al 2022)</li> </ul> <p>Exposure:</p> <ul> <li>population (Schiavina et al, 2023)</li> <li>built-up area (Pesaresi et al, 2023)</li> <li>roads (OpenStreetMap, 2025)</li> <li>railways (OpenStreetMap, 2025)</li> <li>power plants (Global Energy Observatory et al, 2018)</li> <li>power transmission lines (Arderne et al, 2020)</li> </ul> <p>Contextual information:</p> <ul> <li>elevation (European Union and ESA, 2021)</li> <li>land-use and land cover (Copernicus Climate Change Service and Climate Data Store, 2019)</li> <li>administrative boundaries from geoBoundaries (Runfola et al., 2020)</li> </ul> <p> The spatial intersection of hazard and exposure datasets is a first step to analyse vulnerability and risk to infrastructure and people. </p> <p> To learn more about related concepts, there is a free short course available through the Open University on <a href="https://www.open.edu/openlearncreate/course/view.php?id=12278">Infrastructure and Climate Resilience</a>. This <a href="https://opsis.eci.ox.ac.uk/courses/2-infra-for-resil/">overview of the course</a> has more details. </p> <p> These Python libraries may be a useful place to start analysis of the data in the packages produced by this workflow: </p> <ul> <li> <a href="https://github.com/tomalrussell/snkit"><code>snkit</code></a> helps clean network data </li> <li> <a href="https://github.com/nismod/snail"><code>nismod-snail</code></a> is designed to help implement infrastructure exposure, damage and risk calculations </li> </ul> <p> The <a href="https://github.com/nismod/open-gira"><code>open-gira</code></a> repository contains a larger workflow for global-scale open-data infrastructure risk and resilience analysis. </p> <p> For a more developed example, some of these datasets were key inputs to a regional climate risk assessment of current and future flooding risks to transport networks in East Africa, which has a related online visualisation tool at <a href="https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/">https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/</a> and is described in detail in Hickford et al (2023). </p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <ul> <li> Arderne, Christopher, Nicolas, Claire, Zorn, Conrad, & Koks, Elco E. (2020). Data from: Predictive mapping of the global power system using open data [Dataset]. In Nature Scientific Data (1.1.1, Vol. 7, Number Article 19). Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3628142">10.5281/zenodo.3628142</a> </li> <li> Baugh, Calum; Colonese, Juan; D'Angelo, Claudia; Dottori, Francesco; Neal, Jeffrey; Prudhomme, Christel; Salamon, Peter (2024): Global river flood hazard maps. European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) [Dataset] PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif">data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, H. (Hans); Muis, S; Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Aerts, J.C.J.H. (Jeroen) (2020): STORM tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/12705164.v3">10.4121/12705164.v3</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, Hans; Dullaart, Job; Haarsma, R.J. (Reindert); Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Martinez, Andrew B.; et al. (2022): STORM climate change tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/14510817.v3">10.4121/14510817.v3</a> </li> <li> Copernicus Climate Change Service, Climate Data Store, (2019): Land cover classification gridded maps from 1992 to present derived from satellite observation. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS). DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.006f2c9a">10.24381/cds.006f2c9a</a> (Accessed on 09-AUG-2024) </li> <li> Copernicus DEM - Global Digital Elevation Model (2021) DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65">10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65</a> (produced using Copernicus WorldDEM™-90 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved) </li> <li> Global Energy Observatory, Google, KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, Enipedia, World Resources Institute. (2018) Global Power Plant Database. Published on Resource Watch and Google Earth Engine; <a href="http://resourcewatch.org/">resourcewatch.org/</a> </li> <li> Hickford et al (2023) Decision support systems for resilient strategic transport networks in low-income countries – Final Report. Available online: <a href="https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries">https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries</a> </li> <li> Lange, S., Volkholz, J., Geiger, T., Zhao, F., Vega, I., Veldkamp, T., et al. (2020). Projecting exposure to extreme climate impact events across six event categories and three spatial scales. Earth's Future, 8, e2020EF001616. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2020EF001616">10.1029/2020EF001616</a> </li> <li> Natural Earth (2023) Admin 0 Map Units, v5.1.1. [Dataset] Available online: <a href="https://www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details/">www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details</a> </li> <li> OpenStreetMap contributors, Russell T., Thomas F., nismod/datapkg contributors (2025) Road and Rail networks derived from OpenStreetMap. [Dataset] Available at <a href="https://global.infrastructureresilience.org">global.infrastructureresilience.org</a> </li> <li> Pesaresi M., Politis P. (2023): GHS-BUILT-S R2023A - GHS built-up surface grid, derived from Sentinel2 composite and Landsat, multitemporal (1975-2030) European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea">data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea</a>, doi:10.2905/9F06F36F-4B11-47EC-ABB0-4F8B7B1D72EA </li> <li> Runfola D, Anderson A, Baier H, Crittenden M, Dowker E, Fuhrig S, et al. (2020) geoBoundaries: A global database of political administrative boundaries. PLoS ONE 15(4): e0231866. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231866">10.1371/journal.pone.0231866</a>. </li> <li> Russell, T., Nicholas, C., & Bernhofen, M. (2023). Annual probability of extreme heat and drought events, derived from Lange et al 2020 (Version 2) [Dataset]. Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8147088">10.5281/zenodo.8147088</a> </li> <li> Schiavina M., Freire S., Carioli A., MacManus K. (2023): GHS-POP R2023A - GHS population grid multitemporal (1975-2030). European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe">data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe</a>, doi:10.2905/2FF68A52-5B5B-4A22-8F40-C41DA8332CFE </li> <li> Ward, P.J., H.C. Winsemius, S. Kuzma, M.F.P. Bierkens, A. Bouwman, H. de Moel, A. Díaz Loaiza, et al. (2020) Aqueduct Floods Methodology. Technical Note. Washington, D.C.: World Resources Institute. Available online at: <a href="https://www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology">www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology</a>. </li> </ul>
Infrastructure Climate Resilience Assessment Data Starter Kit for Niger
<p> This starter data kit collects extracts from global, open datasets relating to climate hazards and infrastructure systems. </p> <p> These extracts are derived from global datasets which have been clipped to the national scale (or subnational, in cases where national boundaries have been split, generally to separate outlying islands or non-contiguous regions), using Natural Earth (2023) boundaries, and is not meant to express an opinion about borders, territory or sovereignty. </p> <p> Human-induced climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of climate and weather extremes. This is causing widespread, adverse impacts to societies, economies and infrastructures. Climate risk analysis is essential to inform policy decisions aimed at reducing risk. Yet, access to data is often a barrier, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Data are often scattered, hard to find, in formats that are difficult to use or requiring considerable technical expertise. Nevertheless, there are global, open datasets which provide some information about climate hazards, society, infrastructure and the economy. This "data starter kit" aims to kickstart the process and act as a starting point for further model development and scenario analysis. </p> <p>Hazards:</p> <ul> <li>coastal and river flooding (Ward et al, 2020; Baugh et al, 2024)</li> <li>extreme heat and drought (Russell et al 2023, derived from Lange et al, 2020)</li> <li>tropical cyclone wind speeds (Russell 2022, derived from Bloemendaal et al 2020 and Bloemendaal et al 2022)</li> </ul> <p>Exposure:</p> <ul> <li>population (Schiavina et al, 2023)</li> <li>built-up area (Pesaresi et al, 2023)</li> <li>roads (OpenStreetMap, 2025)</li> <li>railways (OpenStreetMap, 2025)</li> <li>power plants (Global Energy Observatory et al, 2018)</li> <li>power transmission lines (Arderne et al, 2020)</li> </ul> <p>Contextual information:</p> <ul> <li>elevation (European Union and ESA, 2021)</li> <li>land-use and land cover (Copernicus Climate Change Service and Climate Data Store, 2019)</li> <li>administrative boundaries from geoBoundaries (Runfola et al., 2020)</li> </ul> <p> The spatial intersection of hazard and exposure datasets is a first step to analyse vulnerability and risk to infrastructure and people. </p> <p> To learn more about related concepts, there is a free short course available through the Open University on <a href="https://www.open.edu/openlearncreate/course/view.php?id=12278">Infrastructure and Climate Resilience</a>. This <a href="https://opsis.eci.ox.ac.uk/courses/2-infra-for-resil/">overview of the course</a> has more details. </p> <p> These Python libraries may be a useful place to start analysis of the data in the packages produced by this workflow: </p> <ul> <li> <a href="https://github.com/tomalrussell/snkit"><code>snkit</code></a> helps clean network data </li> <li> <a href="https://github.com/nismod/snail"><code>nismod-snail</code></a> is designed to help implement infrastructure exposure, damage and risk calculations </li> </ul> <p> The <a href="https://github.com/nismod/open-gira"><code>open-gira</code></a> repository contains a larger workflow for global-scale open-data infrastructure risk and resilience analysis. </p> <p> For a more developed example, some of these datasets were key inputs to a regional climate risk assessment of current and future flooding risks to transport networks in East Africa, which has a related online visualisation tool at <a href="https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/">https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/</a> and is described in detail in Hickford et al (2023). </p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <ul> <li> Arderne, Christopher, Nicolas, Claire, Zorn, Conrad, & Koks, Elco E. (2020). Data from: Predictive mapping of the global power system using open data [Dataset]. In Nature Scientific Data (1.1.1, Vol. 7, Number Article 19). Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3628142">10.5281/zenodo.3628142</a> </li> <li> Baugh, Calum; Colonese, Juan; D'Angelo, Claudia; Dottori, Francesco; Neal, Jeffrey; Prudhomme, Christel; Salamon, Peter (2024): Global river flood hazard maps. European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) [Dataset] PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif">data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, H. (Hans); Muis, S; Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Aerts, J.C.J.H. (Jeroen) (2020): STORM tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/12705164.v3">10.4121/12705164.v3</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, Hans; Dullaart, Job; Haarsma, R.J. (Reindert); Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Martinez, Andrew B.; et al. (2022): STORM climate change tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/14510817.v3">10.4121/14510817.v3</a> </li> <li> Copernicus Climate Change Service, Climate Data Store, (2019): Land cover classification gridded maps from 1992 to present derived from satellite observation. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS). DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.006f2c9a">10.24381/cds.006f2c9a</a> (Accessed on 09-AUG-2024) </li> <li> Copernicus DEM - Global Digital Elevation Model (2021) DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65">10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65</a> (produced using Copernicus WorldDEM™-90 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved) </li> <li> Global Energy Observatory, Google, KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, Enipedia, World Resources Institute. (2018) Global Power Plant Database. Published on Resource Watch and Google Earth Engine; <a href="http://resourcewatch.org/">resourcewatch.org/</a> </li> <li> Hickford et al (2023) Decision support systems for resilient strategic transport networks in low-income countries – Final Report. Available online: <a href="https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries">https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries</a> </li> <li> Lange, S., Volkholz, J., Geiger, T., Zhao, F., Vega, I., Veldkamp, T., et al. (2020). Projecting exposure to extreme climate impact events across six event categories and three spatial scales. Earth's Future, 8, e2020EF001616. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2020EF001616">10.1029/2020EF001616</a> </li> <li> Natural Earth (2023) Admin 0 Map Units, v5.1.1. [Dataset] Available online: <a href="https://www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details/">www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details</a> </li> <li> OpenStreetMap contributors, Russell T., Thomas F., nismod/datapkg contributors (2025) Road and Rail networks derived from OpenStreetMap. [Dataset] Available at <a href="https://global.infrastructureresilience.org">global.infrastructureresilience.org</a> </li> <li> Pesaresi M., Politis P. (2023): GHS-BUILT-S R2023A - GHS built-up surface grid, derived from Sentinel2 composite and Landsat, multitemporal (1975-2030) European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea">data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea</a>, doi:10.2905/9F06F36F-4B11-47EC-ABB0-4F8B7B1D72EA </li> <li> Runfola D, Anderson A, Baier H, Crittenden M, Dowker E, Fuhrig S, et al. (2020) geoBoundaries: A global database of political administrative boundaries. PLoS ONE 15(4): e0231866. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231866">10.1371/journal.pone.0231866</a>. </li> <li> Russell, T., Nicholas, C., & Bernhofen, M. (2023). Annual probability of extreme heat and drought events, derived from Lange et al 2020 (Version 2) [Dataset]. Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8147088">10.5281/zenodo.8147088</a> </li> <li> Schiavina M., Freire S., Carioli A., MacManus K. (2023): GHS-POP R2023A - GHS population grid multitemporal (1975-2030). European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe">data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe</a>, doi:10.2905/2FF68A52-5B5B-4A22-8F40-C41DA8332CFE </li> <li> Ward, P.J., H.C. Winsemius, S. Kuzma, M.F.P. Bierkens, A. Bouwman, H. de Moel, A. Díaz Loaiza, et al. (2020) Aqueduct Floods Methodology. Technical Note. Washington, D.C.: World Resources Institute. Available online at: <a href="https://www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology">www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology</a>. </li> </ul>
Infrastructure Climate Resilience Assessment Data Starter Kit for Chile
<p> This starter data kit collects extracts from global, open datasets relating to climate hazards and infrastructure systems. </p> <p> These extracts are derived from global datasets which have been clipped to the national scale (or subnational, in cases where national boundaries have been split, generally to separate outlying islands or non-contiguous regions), using Natural Earth (2023) boundaries, and is not meant to express an opinion about borders, territory or sovereignty. </p> <p> Human-induced climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of climate and weather extremes. This is causing widespread, adverse impacts to societies, economies and infrastructures. Climate risk analysis is essential to inform policy decisions aimed at reducing risk. Yet, access to data is often a barrier, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Data are often scattered, hard to find, in formats that are difficult to use or requiring considerable technical expertise. Nevertheless, there are global, open datasets which provide some information about climate hazards, society, infrastructure and the economy. This "data starter kit" aims to kickstart the process and act as a starting point for further model development and scenario analysis. </p> <p>Hazards:</p> <ul> <li>coastal and river flooding (Ward et al, 2020; Baugh et al, 2024)</li> <li>extreme heat and drought (Russell et al 2023, derived from Lange et al, 2020)</li> <li>tropical cyclone wind speeds (Russell 2022, derived from Bloemendaal et al 2020 and Bloemendaal et al 2022)</li> </ul> <p>Exposure:</p> <ul> <li>population (Schiavina et al, 2023)</li> <li>built-up area (Pesaresi et al, 2023)</li> <li>roads (OpenStreetMap, 2025)</li> <li>railways (OpenStreetMap, 2025)</li> <li>power plants (Global Energy Observatory et al, 2018)</li> <li>power transmission lines (Arderne et al, 2020)</li> </ul> <p>Contextual information:</p> <ul> <li>elevation (European Union and ESA, 2021)</li> <li>land-use and land cover (Copernicus Climate Change Service and Climate Data Store, 2019)</li> <li>administrative boundaries from geoBoundaries (Runfola et al., 2020)</li> </ul> <p> The spatial intersection of hazard and exposure datasets is a first step to analyse vulnerability and risk to infrastructure and people. </p> <p> To learn more about related concepts, there is a free short course available through the Open University on <a href="https://www.open.edu/openlearncreate/course/view.php?id=12278">Infrastructure and Climate Resilience</a>. This <a href="https://opsis.eci.ox.ac.uk/courses/2-infra-for-resil/">overview of the course</a> has more details. </p> <p> These Python libraries may be a useful place to start analysis of the data in the packages produced by this workflow: </p> <ul> <li> <a href="https://github.com/tomalrussell/snkit"><code>snkit</code></a> helps clean network data </li> <li> <a href="https://github.com/nismod/snail"><code>nismod-snail</code></a> is designed to help implement infrastructure exposure, damage and risk calculations </li> </ul> <p> The <a href="https://github.com/nismod/open-gira"><code>open-gira</code></a> repository contains a larger workflow for global-scale open-data infrastructure risk and resilience analysis. </p> <p> For a more developed example, some of these datasets were key inputs to a regional climate risk assessment of current and future flooding risks to transport networks in East Africa, which has a related online visualisation tool at <a href="https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/">https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/</a> and is described in detail in Hickford et al (2023). </p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <ul> <li> Arderne, Christopher, Nicolas, Claire, Zorn, Conrad, & Koks, Elco E. (2020). Data from: Predictive mapping of the global power system using open data [Dataset]. In Nature Scientific Data (1.1.1, Vol. 7, Number Article 19). Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3628142">10.5281/zenodo.3628142</a> </li> <li> Baugh, Calum; Colonese, Juan; D'Angelo, Claudia; Dottori, Francesco; Neal, Jeffrey; Prudhomme, Christel; Salamon, Peter (2024): Global river flood hazard maps. European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) [Dataset] PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif">data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, H. (Hans); Muis, S; Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Aerts, J.C.J.H. (Jeroen) (2020): STORM tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/12705164.v3">10.4121/12705164.v3</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, Hans; Dullaart, Job; Haarsma, R.J. (Reindert); Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Martinez, Andrew B.; et al. (2022): STORM climate change tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/14510817.v3">10.4121/14510817.v3</a> </li> <li> Copernicus Climate Change Service, Climate Data Store, (2019): Land cover classification gridded maps from 1992 to present derived from satellite observation. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS). DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.006f2c9a">10.24381/cds.006f2c9a</a> (Accessed on 09-AUG-2024) </li> <li> Copernicus DEM - Global Digital Elevation Model (2021) DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65">10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65</a> (produced using Copernicus WorldDEM™-90 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved) </li> <li> Global Energy Observatory, Google, KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, Enipedia, World Resources Institute. (2018) Global Power Plant Database. Published on Resource Watch and Google Earth Engine; <a href="http://resourcewatch.org/">resourcewatch.org/</a> </li> <li> Hickford et al (2023) Decision support systems for resilient strategic transport networks in low-income countries – Final Report. Available online: <a href="https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries">https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries</a> </li> <li> Lange, S., Volkholz, J., Geiger, T., Zhao, F., Vega, I., Veldkamp, T., et al. (2020). Projecting exposure to extreme climate impact events across six event categories and three spatial scales. Earth's Future, 8, e2020EF001616. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2020EF001616">10.1029/2020EF001616</a> </li> <li> Natural Earth (2023) Admin 0 Map Units, v5.1.1. [Dataset] Available online: <a href="https://www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details/">www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details</a> </li> <li> OpenStreetMap contributors, Russell T., Thomas F., nismod/datapkg contributors (2025) Road and Rail networks derived from OpenStreetMap. [Dataset] Available at <a href="https://global.infrastructureresilience.org">global.infrastructureresilience.org</a> </li> <li> Pesaresi M., Politis P. (2023): GHS-BUILT-S R2023A - GHS built-up surface grid, derived from Sentinel2 composite and Landsat, multitemporal (1975-2030) European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea">data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea</a>, doi:10.2905/9F06F36F-4B11-47EC-ABB0-4F8B7B1D72EA </li> <li> Runfola D, Anderson A, Baier H, Crittenden M, Dowker E, Fuhrig S, et al. (2020) geoBoundaries: A global database of political administrative boundaries. PLoS ONE 15(4): e0231866. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231866">10.1371/journal.pone.0231866</a>. </li> <li> Russell, T., Nicholas, C., & Bernhofen, M. (2023). Annual probability of extreme heat and drought events, derived from Lange et al 2020 (Version 2) [Dataset]. Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8147088">10.5281/zenodo.8147088</a> </li> <li> Schiavina M., Freire S., Carioli A., MacManus K. (2023): GHS-POP R2023A - GHS population grid multitemporal (1975-2030). European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe">data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe</a>, doi:10.2905/2FF68A52-5B5B-4A22-8F40-C41DA8332CFE </li> <li> Ward, P.J., H.C. Winsemius, S. Kuzma, M.F.P. Bierkens, A. Bouwman, H. de Moel, A. Díaz Loaiza, et al. (2020) Aqueduct Floods Methodology. Technical Note. Washington, D.C.: World Resources Institute. Available online at: <a href="https://www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology">www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology</a>. </li> </ul>
Infrastructure Climate Resilience Assessment Data Starter Kit for Guinea
<p> This starter data kit collects extracts from global, open datasets relating to climate hazards and infrastructure systems. </p> <p> These extracts are derived from global datasets which have been clipped to the national scale (or subnational, in cases where national boundaries have been split, generally to separate outlying islands or non-contiguous regions), using Natural Earth (2023) boundaries, and is not meant to express an opinion about borders, territory or sovereignty. </p> <p> Human-induced climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of climate and weather extremes. This is causing widespread, adverse impacts to societies, economies and infrastructures. Climate risk analysis is essential to inform policy decisions aimed at reducing risk. Yet, access to data is often a barrier, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Data are often scattered, hard to find, in formats that are difficult to use or requiring considerable technical expertise. Nevertheless, there are global, open datasets which provide some information about climate hazards, society, infrastructure and the economy. This "data starter kit" aims to kickstart the process and act as a starting point for further model development and scenario analysis. </p> <p>Hazards:</p> <ul> <li>coastal and river flooding (Ward et al, 2020; Baugh et al, 2024)</li> <li>extreme heat and drought (Russell et al 2023, derived from Lange et al, 2020)</li> <li>tropical cyclone wind speeds (Russell 2022, derived from Bloemendaal et al 2020 and Bloemendaal et al 2022)</li> </ul> <p>Exposure:</p> <ul> <li>population (Schiavina et al, 2023)</li> <li>built-up area (Pesaresi et al, 2023)</li> <li>roads (OpenStreetMap, 2025)</li> <li>railways (OpenStreetMap, 2025)</li> <li>power plants (Global Energy Observatory et al, 2018)</li> <li>power transmission lines (Arderne et al, 2020)</li> </ul> <p>Contextual information:</p> <ul> <li>elevation (European Union and ESA, 2021)</li> <li>land-use and land cover (Copernicus Climate Change Service and Climate Data Store, 2019)</li> <li>administrative boundaries from geoBoundaries (Runfola et al., 2020)</li> </ul> <p> The spatial intersection of hazard and exposure datasets is a first step to analyse vulnerability and risk to infrastructure and people. </p> <p> To learn more about related concepts, there is a free short course available through the Open University on <a href="https://www.open.edu/openlearncreate/course/view.php?id=12278">Infrastructure and Climate Resilience</a>. This <a href="https://opsis.eci.ox.ac.uk/courses/2-infra-for-resil/">overview of the course</a> has more details. </p> <p> These Python libraries may be a useful place to start analysis of the data in the packages produced by this workflow: </p> <ul> <li> <a href="https://github.com/tomalrussell/snkit"><code>snkit</code></a> helps clean network data </li> <li> <a href="https://github.com/nismod/snail"><code>nismod-snail</code></a> is designed to help implement infrastructure exposure, damage and risk calculations </li> </ul> <p> The <a href="https://github.com/nismod/open-gira"><code>open-gira</code></a> repository contains a larger workflow for global-scale open-data infrastructure risk and resilience analysis. </p> <p> For a more developed example, some of these datasets were key inputs to a regional climate risk assessment of current and future flooding risks to transport networks in East Africa, which has a related online visualisation tool at <a href="https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/">https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/</a> and is described in detail in Hickford et al (2023). </p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <ul> <li> Arderne, Christopher, Nicolas, Claire, Zorn, Conrad, & Koks, Elco E. (2020). Data from: Predictive mapping of the global power system using open data [Dataset]. In Nature Scientific Data (1.1.1, Vol. 7, Number Article 19). Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3628142">10.5281/zenodo.3628142</a> </li> <li> Baugh, Calum; Colonese, Juan; D'Angelo, Claudia; Dottori, Francesco; Neal, Jeffrey; Prudhomme, Christel; Salamon, Peter (2024): Global river flood hazard maps. European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) [Dataset] PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif">data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, H. (Hans); Muis, S; Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Aerts, J.C.J.H. (Jeroen) (2020): STORM tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/12705164.v3">10.4121/12705164.v3</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, Hans; Dullaart, Job; Haarsma, R.J. (Reindert); Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Martinez, Andrew B.; et al. (2022): STORM climate change tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/14510817.v3">10.4121/14510817.v3</a> </li> <li> Copernicus Climate Change Service, Climate Data Store, (2019): Land cover classification gridded maps from 1992 to present derived from satellite observation. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS). DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.006f2c9a">10.24381/cds.006f2c9a</a> (Accessed on 09-AUG-2024) </li> <li> Copernicus DEM - Global Digital Elevation Model (2021) DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65">10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65</a> (produced using Copernicus WorldDEM™-90 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved) </li> <li> Global Energy Observatory, Google, KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, Enipedia, World Resources Institute. (2018) Global Power Plant Database. Published on Resource Watch and Google Earth Engine; <a href="http://resourcewatch.org/">resourcewatch.org/</a> </li> <li> Hickford et al (2023) Decision support systems for resilient strategic transport networks in low-income countries – Final Report. Available online: <a href="https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries">https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries</a> </li> <li> Lange, S., Volkholz, J., Geiger, T., Zhao, F., Vega, I., Veldkamp, T., et al. (2020). Projecting exposure to extreme climate impact events across six event categories and three spatial scales. Earth's Future, 8, e2020EF001616. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2020EF001616">10.1029/2020EF001616</a> </li> <li> Natural Earth (2023) Admin 0 Map Units, v5.1.1. [Dataset] Available online: <a href="https://www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details/">www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details</a> </li> <li> OpenStreetMap contributors, Russell T., Thomas F., nismod/datapkg contributors (2025) Road and Rail networks derived from OpenStreetMap. [Dataset] Available at <a href="https://global.infrastructureresilience.org">global.infrastructureresilience.org</a> </li> <li> Pesaresi M., Politis P. (2023): GHS-BUILT-S R2023A - GHS built-up surface grid, derived from Sentinel2 composite and Landsat, multitemporal (1975-2030) European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea">data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea</a>, doi:10.2905/9F06F36F-4B11-47EC-ABB0-4F8B7B1D72EA </li> <li> Runfola D, Anderson A, Baier H, Crittenden M, Dowker E, Fuhrig S, et al. (2020) geoBoundaries: A global database of political administrative boundaries. PLoS ONE 15(4): e0231866. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231866">10.1371/journal.pone.0231866</a>. </li> <li> Russell, T., Nicholas, C., & Bernhofen, M. (2023). Annual probability of extreme heat and drought events, derived from Lange et al 2020 (Version 2) [Dataset]. Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8147088">10.5281/zenodo.8147088</a> </li> <li> Schiavina M., Freire S., Carioli A., MacManus K. (2023): GHS-POP R2023A - GHS population grid multitemporal (1975-2030). European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe">data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe</a>, doi:10.2905/2FF68A52-5B5B-4A22-8F40-C41DA8332CFE </li> <li> Ward, P.J., H.C. Winsemius, S. Kuzma, M.F.P. Bierkens, A. Bouwman, H. de Moel, A. Díaz Loaiza, et al. (2020) Aqueduct Floods Methodology. Technical Note. Washington, D.C.: World Resources Institute. Available online at: <a href="https://www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology">www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology</a>. </li> </ul>
Infrastructure Climate Resilience Assessment Data Starter Kit for Argentina
<p> This starter data kit collects extracts from global, open datasets relating to climate hazards and infrastructure systems. </p> <p> These extracts are derived from global datasets which have been clipped to the national scale (or subnational, in cases where national boundaries have been split, generally to separate outlying islands or non-contiguous regions), using Natural Earth (2023) boundaries, and is not meant to express an opinion about borders, territory or sovereignty. </p> <p> Human-induced climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of climate and weather extremes. This is causing widespread, adverse impacts to societies, economies and infrastructures. Climate risk analysis is essential to inform policy decisions aimed at reducing risk. Yet, access to data is often a barrier, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Data are often scattered, hard to find, in formats that are difficult to use or requiring considerable technical expertise. Nevertheless, there are global, open datasets which provide some information about climate hazards, society, infrastructure and the economy. This "data starter kit" aims to kickstart the process and act as a starting point for further model development and scenario analysis. </p> <p>Hazards:</p> <ul> <li>coastal and river flooding (Ward et al, 2020; Baugh et al, 2024)</li> <li>extreme heat and drought (Russell et al 2023, derived from Lange et al, 2020)</li> <li>tropical cyclone wind speeds (Russell 2022, derived from Bloemendaal et al 2020 and Bloemendaal et al 2022)</li> </ul> <p>Exposure:</p> <ul> <li>population (Schiavina et al, 2023)</li> <li>built-up area (Pesaresi et al, 2023)</li> <li>roads (OpenStreetMap, 2025)</li> <li>railways (OpenStreetMap, 2025)</li> <li>power plants (Global Energy Observatory et al, 2018)</li> <li>power transmission lines (Arderne et al, 2020)</li> </ul> <p>Contextual information:</p> <ul> <li>elevation (European Union and ESA, 2021)</li> <li>land-use and land cover (Copernicus Climate Change Service and Climate Data Store, 2019)</li> <li>administrative boundaries from geoBoundaries (Runfola et al., 2020)</li> </ul> <p> The spatial intersection of hazard and exposure datasets is a first step to analyse vulnerability and risk to infrastructure and people. </p> <p> To learn more about related concepts, there is a free short course available through the Open University on <a href="https://www.open.edu/openlearncreate/course/view.php?id=12278">Infrastructure and Climate Resilience</a>. This <a href="https://opsis.eci.ox.ac.uk/courses/2-infra-for-resil/">overview of the course</a> has more details. </p> <p> These Python libraries may be a useful place to start analysis of the data in the packages produced by this workflow: </p> <ul> <li> <a href="https://github.com/tomalrussell/snkit"><code>snkit</code></a> helps clean network data </li> <li> <a href="https://github.com/nismod/snail"><code>nismod-snail</code></a> is designed to help implement infrastructure exposure, damage and risk calculations </li> </ul> <p> The <a href="https://github.com/nismod/open-gira"><code>open-gira</code></a> repository contains a larger workflow for global-scale open-data infrastructure risk and resilience analysis. </p> <p> For a more developed example, some of these datasets were key inputs to a regional climate risk assessment of current and future flooding risks to transport networks in East Africa, which has a related online visualisation tool at <a href="https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/">https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/</a> and is described in detail in Hickford et al (2023). </p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <ul> <li> Arderne, Christopher, Nicolas, Claire, Zorn, Conrad, & Koks, Elco E. (2020). Data from: Predictive mapping of the global power system using open data [Dataset]. In Nature Scientific Data (1.1.1, Vol. 7, Number Article 19). Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3628142">10.5281/zenodo.3628142</a> </li> <li> Baugh, Calum; Colonese, Juan; D'Angelo, Claudia; Dottori, Francesco; Neal, Jeffrey; Prudhomme, Christel; Salamon, Peter (2024): Global river flood hazard maps. European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) [Dataset] PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif">data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, H. (Hans); Muis, S; Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Aerts, J.C.J.H. (Jeroen) (2020): STORM tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/12705164.v3">10.4121/12705164.v3</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, Hans; Dullaart, Job; Haarsma, R.J. (Reindert); Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Martinez, Andrew B.; et al. (2022): STORM climate change tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/14510817.v3">10.4121/14510817.v3</a> </li> <li> Copernicus Climate Change Service, Climate Data Store, (2019): Land cover classification gridded maps from 1992 to present derived from satellite observation. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS). DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.006f2c9a">10.24381/cds.006f2c9a</a> (Accessed on 09-AUG-2024) </li> <li> Copernicus DEM - Global Digital Elevation Model (2021) DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65">10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65</a> (produced using Copernicus WorldDEM™-90 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved) </li> <li> Global Energy Observatory, Google, KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, Enipedia, World Resources Institute. (2018) Global Power Plant Database. Published on Resource Watch and Google Earth Engine; <a href="http://resourcewatch.org/">resourcewatch.org/</a> </li> <li> Hickford et al (2023) Decision support systems for resilient strategic transport networks in low-income countries – Final Report. Available online: <a href="https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries">https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries</a> </li> <li> Lange, S., Volkholz, J., Geiger, T., Zhao, F., Vega, I., Veldkamp, T., et al. (2020). Projecting exposure to extreme climate impact events across six event categories and three spatial scales. Earth's Future, 8, e2020EF001616. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2020EF001616">10.1029/2020EF001616</a> </li> <li> Natural Earth (2023) Admin 0 Map Units, v5.1.1. [Dataset] Available online: <a href="https://www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details/">www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details</a> </li> <li> OpenStreetMap contributors, Russell T., Thomas F., nismod/datapkg contributors (2025) Road and Rail networks derived from OpenStreetMap. [Dataset] Available at <a href="https://global.infrastructureresilience.org">global.infrastructureresilience.org</a> </li> <li> Pesaresi M., Politis P. (2023): GHS-BUILT-S R2023A - GHS built-up surface grid, derived from Sentinel2 composite and Landsat, multitemporal (1975-2030) European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea">data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea</a>, doi:10.2905/9F06F36F-4B11-47EC-ABB0-4F8B7B1D72EA </li> <li> Runfola D, Anderson A, Baier H, Crittenden M, Dowker E, Fuhrig S, et al. (2020) geoBoundaries: A global database of political administrative boundaries. PLoS ONE 15(4): e0231866. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231866">10.1371/journal.pone.0231866</a>. </li> <li> Russell, T., Nicholas, C., & Bernhofen, M. (2023). Annual probability of extreme heat and drought events, derived from Lange et al 2020 (Version 2) [Dataset]. Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8147088">10.5281/zenodo.8147088</a> </li> <li> Schiavina M., Freire S., Carioli A., MacManus K. (2023): GHS-POP R2023A - GHS population grid multitemporal (1975-2030). European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe">data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe</a>, doi:10.2905/2FF68A52-5B5B-4A22-8F40-C41DA8332CFE </li> <li> Ward, P.J., H.C. Winsemius, S. Kuzma, M.F.P. Bierkens, A. Bouwman, H. de Moel, A. Díaz Loaiza, et al. (2020) Aqueduct Floods Methodology. Technical Note. Washington, D.C.: World Resources Institute. Available online at: <a href="https://www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology">www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology</a>. </li> </ul>
Infrastructure Climate Resilience Assessment Data Starter Kit for Rwanda
<p> This starter data kit collects extracts from global, open datasets relating to climate hazards and infrastructure systems. </p> <p> These extracts are derived from global datasets which have been clipped to the national scale (or subnational, in cases where national boundaries have been split, generally to separate outlying islands or non-contiguous regions), using Natural Earth (2023) boundaries, and is not meant to express an opinion about borders, territory or sovereignty. </p> <p> Human-induced climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of climate and weather extremes. This is causing widespread, adverse impacts to societies, economies and infrastructures. Climate risk analysis is essential to inform policy decisions aimed at reducing risk. Yet, access to data is often a barrier, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Data are often scattered, hard to find, in formats that are difficult to use or requiring considerable technical expertise. Nevertheless, there are global, open datasets which provide some information about climate hazards, society, infrastructure and the economy. This "data starter kit" aims to kickstart the process and act as a starting point for further model development and scenario analysis. </p> <p>Hazards:</p> <ul> <li>coastal and river flooding (Ward et al, 2020; Baugh et al, 2024)</li> <li>extreme heat and drought (Russell et al 2023, derived from Lange et al, 2020)</li> <li>tropical cyclone wind speeds (Russell 2022, derived from Bloemendaal et al 2020 and Bloemendaal et al 2022)</li> </ul> <p>Exposure:</p> <ul> <li>population (Schiavina et al, 2023)</li> <li>built-up area (Pesaresi et al, 2023)</li> <li>roads (OpenStreetMap, 2025)</li> <li>railways (OpenStreetMap, 2025)</li> <li>power plants (Global Energy Observatory et al, 2018)</li> <li>power transmission lines (Arderne et al, 2020)</li> </ul> <p>Contextual information:</p> <ul> <li>elevation (European Union and ESA, 2021)</li> <li>land-use and land cover (Copernicus Climate Change Service and Climate Data Store, 2019)</li> <li>administrative boundaries from geoBoundaries (Runfola et al., 2020)</li> </ul> <p> The spatial intersection of hazard and exposure datasets is a first step to analyse vulnerability and risk to infrastructure and people. </p> <p> To learn more about related concepts, there is a free short course available through the Open University on <a href="https://www.open.edu/openlearncreate/course/view.php?id=12278">Infrastructure and Climate Resilience</a>. This <a href="https://opsis.eci.ox.ac.uk/courses/2-infra-for-resil/">overview of the course</a> has more details. </p> <p> These Python libraries may be a useful place to start analysis of the data in the packages produced by this workflow: </p> <ul> <li> <a href="https://github.com/tomalrussell/snkit"><code>snkit</code></a> helps clean network data </li> <li> <a href="https://github.com/nismod/snail"><code>nismod-snail</code></a> is designed to help implement infrastructure exposure, damage and risk calculations </li> </ul> <p> The <a href="https://github.com/nismod/open-gira"><code>open-gira</code></a> repository contains a larger workflow for global-scale open-data infrastructure risk and resilience analysis. </p> <p> For a more developed example, some of these datasets were key inputs to a regional climate risk assessment of current and future flooding risks to transport networks in East Africa, which has a related online visualisation tool at <a href="https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/">https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/</a> and is described in detail in Hickford et al (2023). </p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <ul> <li> Arderne, Christopher, Nicolas, Claire, Zorn, Conrad, & Koks, Elco E. (2020). Data from: Predictive mapping of the global power system using open data [Dataset]. In Nature Scientific Data (1.1.1, Vol. 7, Number Article 19). Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3628142">10.5281/zenodo.3628142</a> </li> <li> Baugh, Calum; Colonese, Juan; D'Angelo, Claudia; Dottori, Francesco; Neal, Jeffrey; Prudhomme, Christel; Salamon, Peter (2024): Global river flood hazard maps. European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) [Dataset] PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif">data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, H. (Hans); Muis, S; Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Aerts, J.C.J.H. (Jeroen) (2020): STORM tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/12705164.v3">10.4121/12705164.v3</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, Hans; Dullaart, Job; Haarsma, R.J. (Reindert); Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Martinez, Andrew B.; et al. (2022): STORM climate change tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/14510817.v3">10.4121/14510817.v3</a> </li> <li> Copernicus Climate Change Service, Climate Data Store, (2019): Land cover classification gridded maps from 1992 to present derived from satellite observation. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS). DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.006f2c9a">10.24381/cds.006f2c9a</a> (Accessed on 09-AUG-2024) </li> <li> Copernicus DEM - Global Digital Elevation Model (2021) DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65">10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65</a> (produced using Copernicus WorldDEM™-90 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved) </li> <li> Global Energy Observatory, Google, KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, Enipedia, World Resources Institute. (2018) Global Power Plant Database. Published on Resource Watch and Google Earth Engine; <a href="http://resourcewatch.org/">resourcewatch.org/</a> </li> <li> Hickford et al (2023) Decision support systems for resilient strategic transport networks in low-income countries – Final Report. Available online: <a href="https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries">https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries</a> </li> <li> Lange, S., Volkholz, J., Geiger, T., Zhao, F., Vega, I., Veldkamp, T., et al. (2020). Projecting exposure to extreme climate impact events across six event categories and three spatial scales. Earth's Future, 8, e2020EF001616. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2020EF001616">10.1029/2020EF001616</a> </li> <li> Natural Earth (2023) Admin 0 Map Units, v5.1.1. [Dataset] Available online: <a href="https://www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details/">www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details</a> </li> <li> OpenStreetMap contributors, Russell T., Thomas F., nismod/datapkg contributors (2025) Road and Rail networks derived from OpenStreetMap. [Dataset] Available at <a href="https://global.infrastructureresilience.org">global.infrastructureresilience.org</a> </li> <li> Pesaresi M., Politis P. (2023): GHS-BUILT-S R2023A - GHS built-up surface grid, derived from Sentinel2 composite and Landsat, multitemporal (1975-2030) European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea">data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea</a>, doi:10.2905/9F06F36F-4B11-47EC-ABB0-4F8B7B1D72EA </li> <li> Runfola D, Anderson A, Baier H, Crittenden M, Dowker E, Fuhrig S, et al. (2020) geoBoundaries: A global database of political administrative boundaries. PLoS ONE 15(4): e0231866. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231866">10.1371/journal.pone.0231866</a>. </li> <li> Russell, T., Nicholas, C., & Bernhofen, M. (2023). Annual probability of extreme heat and drought events, derived from Lange et al 2020 (Version 2) [Dataset]. Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8147088">10.5281/zenodo.8147088</a> </li> <li> Schiavina M., Freire S., Carioli A., MacManus K. (2023): GHS-POP R2023A - GHS population grid multitemporal (1975-2030). European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe">data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe</a>, doi:10.2905/2FF68A52-5B5B-4A22-8F40-C41DA8332CFE </li> <li> Ward, P.J., H.C. Winsemius, S. Kuzma, M.F.P. Bierkens, A. Bouwman, H. de Moel, A. Díaz Loaiza, et al. (2020) Aqueduct Floods Methodology. Technical Note. Washington, D.C.: World Resources Institute. Available online at: <a href="https://www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology">www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology</a>. </li> </ul>
Infrastructure Climate Resilience Assessment Data Starter Kit for Botswana
<p> This starter data kit collects extracts from global, open datasets relating to climate hazards and infrastructure systems. </p> <p> These extracts are derived from global datasets which have been clipped to the national scale (or subnational, in cases where national boundaries have been split, generally to separate outlying islands or non-contiguous regions), using Natural Earth (2023) boundaries, and is not meant to express an opinion about borders, territory or sovereignty. </p> <p> Human-induced climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of climate and weather extremes. This is causing widespread, adverse impacts to societies, economies and infrastructures. Climate risk analysis is essential to inform policy decisions aimed at reducing risk. Yet, access to data is often a barrier, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Data are often scattered, hard to find, in formats that are difficult to use or requiring considerable technical expertise. Nevertheless, there are global, open datasets which provide some information about climate hazards, society, infrastructure and the economy. This "data starter kit" aims to kickstart the process and act as a starting point for further model development and scenario analysis. </p> <p>Hazards:</p> <ul> <li>coastal and river flooding (Ward et al, 2020; Baugh et al, 2024)</li> <li>extreme heat and drought (Russell et al 2023, derived from Lange et al, 2020)</li> <li>tropical cyclone wind speeds (Russell 2022, derived from Bloemendaal et al 2020 and Bloemendaal et al 2022)</li> </ul> <p>Exposure:</p> <ul> <li>population (Schiavina et al, 2023)</li> <li>built-up area (Pesaresi et al, 2023)</li> <li>roads (OpenStreetMap, 2025)</li> <li>railways (OpenStreetMap, 2025)</li> <li>power plants (Global Energy Observatory et al, 2018)</li> <li>power transmission lines (Arderne et al, 2020)</li> </ul> <p>Contextual information:</p> <ul> <li>elevation (European Union and ESA, 2021)</li> <li>land-use and land cover (Copernicus Climate Change Service and Climate Data Store, 2019)</li> <li>administrative boundaries from geoBoundaries (Runfola et al., 2020)</li> </ul> <p> The spatial intersection of hazard and exposure datasets is a first step to analyse vulnerability and risk to infrastructure and people. </p> <p> To learn more about related concepts, there is a free short course available through the Open University on <a href="https://www.open.edu/openlearncreate/course/view.php?id=12278">Infrastructure and Climate Resilience</a>. This <a href="https://opsis.eci.ox.ac.uk/courses/2-infra-for-resil/">overview of the course</a> has more details. </p> <p> These Python libraries may be a useful place to start analysis of the data in the packages produced by this workflow: </p> <ul> <li> <a href="https://github.com/tomalrussell/snkit"><code>snkit</code></a> helps clean network data </li> <li> <a href="https://github.com/nismod/snail"><code>nismod-snail</code></a> is designed to help implement infrastructure exposure, damage and risk calculations </li> </ul> <p> The <a href="https://github.com/nismod/open-gira"><code>open-gira</code></a> repository contains a larger workflow for global-scale open-data infrastructure risk and resilience analysis. </p> <p> For a more developed example, some of these datasets were key inputs to a regional climate risk assessment of current and future flooding risks to transport networks in East Africa, which has a related online visualisation tool at <a href="https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/">https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/</a> and is described in detail in Hickford et al (2023). </p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <ul> <li> Arderne, Christopher, Nicolas, Claire, Zorn, Conrad, & Koks, Elco E. (2020). Data from: Predictive mapping of the global power system using open data [Dataset]. In Nature Scientific Data (1.1.1, Vol. 7, Number Article 19). Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3628142">10.5281/zenodo.3628142</a> </li> <li> Baugh, Calum; Colonese, Juan; D'Angelo, Claudia; Dottori, Francesco; Neal, Jeffrey; Prudhomme, Christel; Salamon, Peter (2024): Global river flood hazard maps. European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) [Dataset] PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif">data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, H. (Hans); Muis, S; Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Aerts, J.C.J.H. (Jeroen) (2020): STORM tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/12705164.v3">10.4121/12705164.v3</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, Hans; Dullaart, Job; Haarsma, R.J. (Reindert); Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Martinez, Andrew B.; et al. (2022): STORM climate change tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/14510817.v3">10.4121/14510817.v3</a> </li> <li> Copernicus Climate Change Service, Climate Data Store, (2019): Land cover classification gridded maps from 1992 to present derived from satellite observation. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS). DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.006f2c9a">10.24381/cds.006f2c9a</a> (Accessed on 09-AUG-2024) </li> <li> Copernicus DEM - Global Digital Elevation Model (2021) DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65">10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65</a> (produced using Copernicus WorldDEM™-90 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved) </li> <li> Global Energy Observatory, Google, KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, Enipedia, World Resources Institute. (2018) Global Power Plant Database. Published on Resource Watch and Google Earth Engine; <a href="http://resourcewatch.org/">resourcewatch.org/</a> </li> <li> Hickford et al (2023) Decision support systems for resilient strategic transport networks in low-income countries – Final Report. Available online: <a href="https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries">https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries</a> </li> <li> Lange, S., Volkholz, J., Geiger, T., Zhao, F., Vega, I., Veldkamp, T., et al. (2020). Projecting exposure to extreme climate impact events across six event categories and three spatial scales. Earth's Future, 8, e2020EF001616. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2020EF001616">10.1029/2020EF001616</a> </li> <li> Natural Earth (2023) Admin 0 Map Units, v5.1.1. [Dataset] Available online: <a href="https://www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details/">www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details</a> </li> <li> OpenStreetMap contributors, Russell T., Thomas F., nismod/datapkg contributors (2025) Road and Rail networks derived from OpenStreetMap. [Dataset] Available at <a href="https://global.infrastructureresilience.org">global.infrastructureresilience.org</a> </li> <li> Pesaresi M., Politis P. (2023): GHS-BUILT-S R2023A - GHS built-up surface grid, derived from Sentinel2 composite and Landsat, multitemporal (1975-2030) European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea">data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea</a>, doi:10.2905/9F06F36F-4B11-47EC-ABB0-4F8B7B1D72EA </li> <li> Runfola D, Anderson A, Baier H, Crittenden M, Dowker E, Fuhrig S, et al. (2020) geoBoundaries: A global database of political administrative boundaries. PLoS ONE 15(4): e0231866. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231866">10.1371/journal.pone.0231866</a>. </li> <li> Russell, T., Nicholas, C., & Bernhofen, M. (2023). Annual probability of extreme heat and drought events, derived from Lange et al 2020 (Version 2) [Dataset]. Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8147088">10.5281/zenodo.8147088</a> </li> <li> Schiavina M., Freire S., Carioli A., MacManus K. (2023): GHS-POP R2023A - GHS population grid multitemporal (1975-2030). European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe">data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe</a>, doi:10.2905/2FF68A52-5B5B-4A22-8F40-C41DA8332CFE </li> <li> Ward, P.J., H.C. Winsemius, S. Kuzma, M.F.P. Bierkens, A. Bouwman, H. de Moel, A. Díaz Loaiza, et al. (2020) Aqueduct Floods Methodology. Technical Note. Washington, D.C.: World Resources Institute. Available online at: <a href="https://www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology">www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology</a>. </li> </ul>
Infrastructure Climate Resilience Assessment Data Starter Kit for Central African Republic
<p> This starter data kit collects extracts from global, open datasets relating to climate hazards and infrastructure systems. </p> <p> These extracts are derived from global datasets which have been clipped to the national scale (or subnational, in cases where national boundaries have been split, generally to separate outlying islands or non-contiguous regions), using Natural Earth (2023) boundaries, and is not meant to express an opinion about borders, territory or sovereignty. </p> <p> Human-induced climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of climate and weather extremes. This is causing widespread, adverse impacts to societies, economies and infrastructures. Climate risk analysis is essential to inform policy decisions aimed at reducing risk. Yet, access to data is often a barrier, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Data are often scattered, hard to find, in formats that are difficult to use or requiring considerable technical expertise. Nevertheless, there are global, open datasets which provide some information about climate hazards, society, infrastructure and the economy. This "data starter kit" aims to kickstart the process and act as a starting point for further model development and scenario analysis. </p> <p>Hazards:</p> <ul> <li>coastal and river flooding (Ward et al, 2020; Baugh et al, 2024)</li> <li>extreme heat and drought (Russell et al 2023, derived from Lange et al, 2020)</li> <li>tropical cyclone wind speeds (Russell 2022, derived from Bloemendaal et al 2020 and Bloemendaal et al 2022)</li> </ul> <p>Exposure:</p> <ul> <li>population (Schiavina et al, 2023)</li> <li>built-up area (Pesaresi et al, 2023)</li> <li>roads (OpenStreetMap, 2025)</li> <li>railways (OpenStreetMap, 2025)</li> <li>power plants (Global Energy Observatory et al, 2018)</li> <li>power transmission lines (Arderne et al, 2020)</li> </ul> <p>Contextual information:</p> <ul> <li>elevation (European Union and ESA, 2021)</li> <li>land-use and land cover (Copernicus Climate Change Service and Climate Data Store, 2019)</li> <li>administrative boundaries from geoBoundaries (Runfola et al., 2020)</li> </ul> <p> The spatial intersection of hazard and exposure datasets is a first step to analyse vulnerability and risk to infrastructure and people. </p> <p> To learn more about related concepts, there is a free short course available through the Open University on <a href="https://www.open.edu/openlearncreate/course/view.php?id=12278">Infrastructure and Climate Resilience</a>. This <a href="https://opsis.eci.ox.ac.uk/courses/2-infra-for-resil/">overview of the course</a> has more details. </p> <p> These Python libraries may be a useful place to start analysis of the data in the packages produced by this workflow: </p> <ul> <li> <a href="https://github.com/tomalrussell/snkit"><code>snkit</code></a> helps clean network data </li> <li> <a href="https://github.com/nismod/snail"><code>nismod-snail</code></a> is designed to help implement infrastructure exposure, damage and risk calculations </li> </ul> <p> The <a href="https://github.com/nismod/open-gira"><code>open-gira</code></a> repository contains a larger workflow for global-scale open-data infrastructure risk and resilience analysis. </p> <p> For a more developed example, some of these datasets were key inputs to a regional climate risk assessment of current and future flooding risks to transport networks in East Africa, which has a related online visualisation tool at <a href="https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/">https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/</a> and is described in detail in Hickford et al (2023). </p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <ul> <li> Arderne, Christopher, Nicolas, Claire, Zorn, Conrad, & Koks, Elco E. (2020). Data from: Predictive mapping of the global power system using open data [Dataset]. In Nature Scientific Data (1.1.1, Vol. 7, Number Article 19). Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3628142">10.5281/zenodo.3628142</a> </li> <li> Baugh, Calum; Colonese, Juan; D'Angelo, Claudia; Dottori, Francesco; Neal, Jeffrey; Prudhomme, Christel; Salamon, Peter (2024): Global river flood hazard maps. European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) [Dataset] PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif">data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, H. (Hans); Muis, S; Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Aerts, J.C.J.H. (Jeroen) (2020): STORM tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/12705164.v3">10.4121/12705164.v3</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, Hans; Dullaart, Job; Haarsma, R.J. (Reindert); Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Martinez, Andrew B.; et al. (2022): STORM climate change tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/14510817.v3">10.4121/14510817.v3</a> </li> <li> Copernicus Climate Change Service, Climate Data Store, (2019): Land cover classification gridded maps from 1992 to present derived from satellite observation. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS). DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.006f2c9a">10.24381/cds.006f2c9a</a> (Accessed on 09-AUG-2024) </li> <li> Copernicus DEM - Global Digital Elevation Model (2021) DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65">10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65</a> (produced using Copernicus WorldDEM™-90 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved) </li> <li> Global Energy Observatory, Google, KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, Enipedia, World Resources Institute. (2018) Global Power Plant Database. Published on Resource Watch and Google Earth Engine; <a href="http://resourcewatch.org/">resourcewatch.org/</a> </li> <li> Hickford et al (2023) Decision support systems for resilient strategic transport networks in low-income countries – Final Report. Available online: <a href="https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries">https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries</a> </li> <li> Lange, S., Volkholz, J., Geiger, T., Zhao, F., Vega, I., Veldkamp, T., et al. (2020). Projecting exposure to extreme climate impact events across six event categories and three spatial scales. Earth's Future, 8, e2020EF001616. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2020EF001616">10.1029/2020EF001616</a> </li> <li> Natural Earth (2023) Admin 0 Map Units, v5.1.1. [Dataset] Available online: <a href="https://www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details/">www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details</a> </li> <li> OpenStreetMap contributors, Russell T., Thomas F., nismod/datapkg contributors (2025) Road and Rail networks derived from OpenStreetMap. [Dataset] Available at <a href="https://global.infrastructureresilience.org">global.infrastructureresilience.org</a> </li> <li> Pesaresi M., Politis P. (2023): GHS-BUILT-S R2023A - GHS built-up surface grid, derived from Sentinel2 composite and Landsat, multitemporal (1975-2030) European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea">data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea</a>, doi:10.2905/9F06F36F-4B11-47EC-ABB0-4F8B7B1D72EA </li> <li> Runfola D, Anderson A, Baier H, Crittenden M, Dowker E, Fuhrig S, et al. (2020) geoBoundaries: A global database of political administrative boundaries. PLoS ONE 15(4): e0231866. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231866">10.1371/journal.pone.0231866</a>. </li> <li> Russell, T., Nicholas, C., & Bernhofen, M. (2023). Annual probability of extreme heat and drought events, derived from Lange et al 2020 (Version 2) [Dataset]. Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8147088">10.5281/zenodo.8147088</a> </li> <li> Schiavina M., Freire S., Carioli A., MacManus K. (2023): GHS-POP R2023A - GHS population grid multitemporal (1975-2030). European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe">data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe</a>, doi:10.2905/2FF68A52-5B5B-4A22-8F40-C41DA8332CFE </li> <li> Ward, P.J., H.C. Winsemius, S. Kuzma, M.F.P. Bierkens, A. Bouwman, H. de Moel, A. Díaz Loaiza, et al. (2020) Aqueduct Floods Methodology. Technical Note. Washington, D.C.: World Resources Institute. Available online at: <a href="https://www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology">www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology</a>. </li> </ul>
Infrastructure Climate Resilience Assessment Data Starter Kit for Eritrea
<p> This starter data kit collects extracts from global, open datasets relating to climate hazards and infrastructure systems. </p> <p> These extracts are derived from global datasets which have been clipped to the national scale (or subnational, in cases where national boundaries have been split, generally to separate outlying islands or non-contiguous regions), using Natural Earth (2023) boundaries, and is not meant to express an opinion about borders, territory or sovereignty. </p> <p> Human-induced climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of climate and weather extremes. This is causing widespread, adverse impacts to societies, economies and infrastructures. Climate risk analysis is essential to inform policy decisions aimed at reducing risk. Yet, access to data is often a barrier, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Data are often scattered, hard to find, in formats that are difficult to use or requiring considerable technical expertise. Nevertheless, there are global, open datasets which provide some information about climate hazards, society, infrastructure and the economy. This "data starter kit" aims to kickstart the process and act as a starting point for further model development and scenario analysis. </p> <p>Hazards:</p> <ul> <li>coastal and river flooding (Ward et al, 2020; Baugh et al, 2024)</li> <li>extreme heat and drought (Russell et al 2023, derived from Lange et al, 2020)</li> <li>tropical cyclone wind speeds (Russell 2022, derived from Bloemendaal et al 2020 and Bloemendaal et al 2022)</li> </ul> <p>Exposure:</p> <ul> <li>population (Schiavina et al, 2023)</li> <li>built-up area (Pesaresi et al, 2023)</li> <li>roads (OpenStreetMap, 2025)</li> <li>railways (OpenStreetMap, 2025)</li> <li>power plants (Global Energy Observatory et al, 2018)</li> <li>power transmission lines (Arderne et al, 2020)</li> </ul> <p>Contextual information:</p> <ul> <li>elevation (European Union and ESA, 2021)</li> <li>land-use and land cover (Copernicus Climate Change Service and Climate Data Store, 2019)</li> <li>administrative boundaries from geoBoundaries (Runfola et al., 2020)</li> </ul> <p> The spatial intersection of hazard and exposure datasets is a first step to analyse vulnerability and risk to infrastructure and people. </p> <p> To learn more about related concepts, there is a free short course available through the Open University on <a href="https://www.open.edu/openlearncreate/course/view.php?id=12278">Infrastructure and Climate Resilience</a>. This <a href="https://opsis.eci.ox.ac.uk/courses/2-infra-for-resil/">overview of the course</a> has more details. </p> <p> These Python libraries may be a useful place to start analysis of the data in the packages produced by this workflow: </p> <ul> <li> <a href="https://github.com/tomalrussell/snkit"><code>snkit</code></a> helps clean network data </li> <li> <a href="https://github.com/nismod/snail"><code>nismod-snail</code></a> is designed to help implement infrastructure exposure, damage and risk calculations </li> </ul> <p> The <a href="https://github.com/nismod/open-gira"><code>open-gira</code></a> repository contains a larger workflow for global-scale open-data infrastructure risk and resilience analysis. </p> <p> For a more developed example, some of these datasets were key inputs to a regional climate risk assessment of current and future flooding risks to transport networks in East Africa, which has a related online visualisation tool at <a href="https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/">https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/</a> and is described in detail in Hickford et al (2023). </p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <ul> <li> Arderne, Christopher, Nicolas, Claire, Zorn, Conrad, & Koks, Elco E. (2020). Data from: Predictive mapping of the global power system using open data [Dataset]. In Nature Scientific Data (1.1.1, Vol. 7, Number Article 19). Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3628142">10.5281/zenodo.3628142</a> </li> <li> Baugh, Calum; Colonese, Juan; D'Angelo, Claudia; Dottori, Francesco; Neal, Jeffrey; Prudhomme, Christel; Salamon, Peter (2024): Global river flood hazard maps. European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) [Dataset] PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif">data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, H. (Hans); Muis, S; Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Aerts, J.C.J.H. (Jeroen) (2020): STORM tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/12705164.v3">10.4121/12705164.v3</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, Hans; Dullaart, Job; Haarsma, R.J. (Reindert); Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Martinez, Andrew B.; et al. (2022): STORM climate change tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/14510817.v3">10.4121/14510817.v3</a> </li> <li> Copernicus Climate Change Service, Climate Data Store, (2019): Land cover classification gridded maps from 1992 to present derived from satellite observation. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS). DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.006f2c9a">10.24381/cds.006f2c9a</a> (Accessed on 09-AUG-2024) </li> <li> Copernicus DEM - Global Digital Elevation Model (2021) DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65">10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65</a> (produced using Copernicus WorldDEM™-90 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved) </li> <li> Global Energy Observatory, Google, KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, Enipedia, World Resources Institute. (2018) Global Power Plant Database. Published on Resource Watch and Google Earth Engine; <a href="http://resourcewatch.org/">resourcewatch.org/</a> </li> <li> Hickford et al (2023) Decision support systems for resilient strategic transport networks in low-income countries – Final Report. Available online: <a href="https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries">https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries</a> </li> <li> Lange, S., Volkholz, J., Geiger, T., Zhao, F., Vega, I., Veldkamp, T., et al. (2020). Projecting exposure to extreme climate impact events across six event categories and three spatial scales. Earth's Future, 8, e2020EF001616. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2020EF001616">10.1029/2020EF001616</a> </li> <li> Natural Earth (2023) Admin 0 Map Units, v5.1.1. [Dataset] Available online: <a href="https://www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details/">www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details</a> </li> <li> OpenStreetMap contributors, Russell T., Thomas F., nismod/datapkg contributors (2025) Road and Rail networks derived from OpenStreetMap. [Dataset] Available at <a href="https://global.infrastructureresilience.org">global.infrastructureresilience.org</a> </li> <li> Pesaresi M., Politis P. (2023): GHS-BUILT-S R2023A - GHS built-up surface grid, derived from Sentinel2 composite and Landsat, multitemporal (1975-2030) European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea">data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea</a>, doi:10.2905/9F06F36F-4B11-47EC-ABB0-4F8B7B1D72EA </li> <li> Runfola D, Anderson A, Baier H, Crittenden M, Dowker E, Fuhrig S, et al. (2020) geoBoundaries: A global database of political administrative boundaries. PLoS ONE 15(4): e0231866. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231866">10.1371/journal.pone.0231866</a>. </li> <li> Russell, T., Nicholas, C., & Bernhofen, M. (2023). Annual probability of extreme heat and drought events, derived from Lange et al 2020 (Version 2) [Dataset]. Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8147088">10.5281/zenodo.8147088</a> </li> <li> Schiavina M., Freire S., Carioli A., MacManus K. (2023): GHS-POP R2023A - GHS population grid multitemporal (1975-2030). European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe">data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe</a>, doi:10.2905/2FF68A52-5B5B-4A22-8F40-C41DA8332CFE </li> <li> Ward, P.J., H.C. Winsemius, S. Kuzma, M.F.P. Bierkens, A. Bouwman, H. de Moel, A. Díaz Loaiza, et al. (2020) Aqueduct Floods Methodology. Technical Note. Washington, D.C.: World Resources Institute. Available online at: <a href="https://www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology">www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology</a>. </li> </ul>
Infrastructure Climate Resilience Assessment Data Starter Kit for São Tomé and Principe
<p> This starter data kit collects extracts from global, open datasets relating to climate hazards and infrastructure systems. </p> <p> These extracts are derived from global datasets which have been clipped to the national scale (or subnational, in cases where national boundaries have been split, generally to separate outlying islands or non-contiguous regions), using Natural Earth (2023) boundaries, and is not meant to express an opinion about borders, territory or sovereignty. </p> <p> Human-induced climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of climate and weather extremes. This is causing widespread, adverse impacts to societies, economies and infrastructures. Climate risk analysis is essential to inform policy decisions aimed at reducing risk. Yet, access to data is often a barrier, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Data are often scattered, hard to find, in formats that are difficult to use or requiring considerable technical expertise. Nevertheless, there are global, open datasets which provide some information about climate hazards, society, infrastructure and the economy. This "data starter kit" aims to kickstart the process and act as a starting point for further model development and scenario analysis. </p> <p>Hazards:</p> <ul> <li>coastal and river flooding (Ward et al, 2020; Baugh et al, 2024)</li> <li>extreme heat and drought (Russell et al 2023, derived from Lange et al, 2020)</li> <li>tropical cyclone wind speeds (Russell 2022, derived from Bloemendaal et al 2020 and Bloemendaal et al 2022)</li> </ul> <p>Exposure:</p> <ul> <li>population (Schiavina et al, 2023)</li> <li>built-up area (Pesaresi et al, 2023)</li> <li>roads (OpenStreetMap, 2025)</li> <li>railways (OpenStreetMap, 2025)</li> <li>power plants (Global Energy Observatory et al, 2018)</li> <li>power transmission lines (Arderne et al, 2020)</li> </ul> <p>Contextual information:</p> <ul> <li>elevation (European Union and ESA, 2021)</li> <li>land-use and land cover (Copernicus Climate Change Service and Climate Data Store, 2019)</li> <li>administrative boundaries from geoBoundaries (Runfola et al., 2020)</li> </ul> <p> The spatial intersection of hazard and exposure datasets is a first step to analyse vulnerability and risk to infrastructure and people. </p> <p> To learn more about related concepts, there is a free short course available through the Open University on <a href="https://www.open.edu/openlearncreate/course/view.php?id=12278">Infrastructure and Climate Resilience</a>. This <a href="https://opsis.eci.ox.ac.uk/courses/2-infra-for-resil/">overview of the course</a> has more details. </p> <p> These Python libraries may be a useful place to start analysis of the data in the packages produced by this workflow: </p> <ul> <li> <a href="https://github.com/tomalrussell/snkit"><code>snkit</code></a> helps clean network data </li> <li> <a href="https://github.com/nismod/snail"><code>nismod-snail</code></a> is designed to help implement infrastructure exposure, damage and risk calculations </li> </ul> <p> The <a href="https://github.com/nismod/open-gira"><code>open-gira</code></a> repository contains a larger workflow for global-scale open-data infrastructure risk and resilience analysis. </p> <p> For a more developed example, some of these datasets were key inputs to a regional climate risk assessment of current and future flooding risks to transport networks in East Africa, which has a related online visualisation tool at <a href="https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/">https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/</a> and is described in detail in Hickford et al (2023). </p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <ul> <li> Arderne, Christopher, Nicolas, Claire, Zorn, Conrad, & Koks, Elco E. (2020). Data from: Predictive mapping of the global power system using open data [Dataset]. In Nature Scientific Data (1.1.1, Vol. 7, Number Article 19). Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3628142">10.5281/zenodo.3628142</a> </li> <li> Baugh, Calum; Colonese, Juan; D'Angelo, Claudia; Dottori, Francesco; Neal, Jeffrey; Prudhomme, Christel; Salamon, Peter (2024): Global river flood hazard maps. European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) [Dataset] PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif">data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, H. (Hans); Muis, S; Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Aerts, J.C.J.H. (Jeroen) (2020): STORM tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/12705164.v3">10.4121/12705164.v3</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, Hans; Dullaart, Job; Haarsma, R.J. (Reindert); Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Martinez, Andrew B.; et al. (2022): STORM climate change tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/14510817.v3">10.4121/14510817.v3</a> </li> <li> Copernicus Climate Change Service, Climate Data Store, (2019): Land cover classification gridded maps from 1992 to present derived from satellite observation. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS). DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.006f2c9a">10.24381/cds.006f2c9a</a> (Accessed on 09-AUG-2024) </li> <li> Copernicus DEM - Global Digital Elevation Model (2021) DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65">10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65</a> (produced using Copernicus WorldDEM™-90 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved) </li> <li> Global Energy Observatory, Google, KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, Enipedia, World Resources Institute. (2018) Global Power Plant Database. Published on Resource Watch and Google Earth Engine; <a href="http://resourcewatch.org/">resourcewatch.org/</a> </li> <li> Hickford et al (2023) Decision support systems for resilient strategic transport networks in low-income countries – Final Report. Available online: <a href="https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries">https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries</a> </li> <li> Lange, S., Volkholz, J., Geiger, T., Zhao, F., Vega, I., Veldkamp, T., et al. (2020). Projecting exposure to extreme climate impact events across six event categories and three spatial scales. Earth's Future, 8, e2020EF001616. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2020EF001616">10.1029/2020EF001616</a> </li> <li> Natural Earth (2023) Admin 0 Map Units, v5.1.1. [Dataset] Available online: <a href="https://www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details/">www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details</a> </li> <li> OpenStreetMap contributors, Russell T., Thomas F., nismod/datapkg contributors (2025) Road and Rail networks derived from OpenStreetMap. [Dataset] Available at <a href="https://global.infrastructureresilience.org">global.infrastructureresilience.org</a> </li> <li> Pesaresi M., Politis P. (2023): GHS-BUILT-S R2023A - GHS built-up surface grid, derived from Sentinel2 composite and Landsat, multitemporal (1975-2030) European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea">data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea</a>, doi:10.2905/9F06F36F-4B11-47EC-ABB0-4F8B7B1D72EA </li> <li> Runfola D, Anderson A, Baier H, Crittenden M, Dowker E, Fuhrig S, et al. (2020) geoBoundaries: A global database of political administrative boundaries. PLoS ONE 15(4): e0231866. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231866">10.1371/journal.pone.0231866</a>. </li> <li> Russell, T., Nicholas, C., & Bernhofen, M. (2023). Annual probability of extreme heat and drought events, derived from Lange et al 2020 (Version 2) [Dataset]. Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8147088">10.5281/zenodo.8147088</a> </li> <li> Schiavina M., Freire S., Carioli A., MacManus K. (2023): GHS-POP R2023A - GHS population grid multitemporal (1975-2030). European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe">data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe</a>, doi:10.2905/2FF68A52-5B5B-4A22-8F40-C41DA8332CFE </li> <li> Ward, P.J., H.C. Winsemius, S. Kuzma, M.F.P. Bierkens, A. Bouwman, H. de Moel, A. Díaz Loaiza, et al. (2020) Aqueduct Floods Methodology. Technical Note. Washington, D.C.: World Resources Institute. Available online at: <a href="https://www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology">www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology</a>. </li> </ul>
Infrastructure Climate Resilience Assessment Data Starter Kit for Venezuela
<p> This starter data kit collects extracts from global, open datasets relating to climate hazards and infrastructure systems. </p> <p> These extracts are derived from global datasets which have been clipped to the national scale (or subnational, in cases where national boundaries have been split, generally to separate outlying islands or non-contiguous regions), using Natural Earth (2023) boundaries, and is not meant to express an opinion about borders, territory or sovereignty. </p> <p> Human-induced climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of climate and weather extremes. This is causing widespread, adverse impacts to societies, economies and infrastructures. Climate risk analysis is essential to inform policy decisions aimed at reducing risk. Yet, access to data is often a barrier, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Data are often scattered, hard to find, in formats that are difficult to use or requiring considerable technical expertise. Nevertheless, there are global, open datasets which provide some information about climate hazards, society, infrastructure and the economy. This "data starter kit" aims to kickstart the process and act as a starting point for further model development and scenario analysis. </p> <p>Hazards:</p> <ul> <li>coastal and river flooding (Ward et al, 2020; Baugh et al, 2024)</li> <li>extreme heat and drought (Russell et al 2023, derived from Lange et al, 2020)</li> <li>tropical cyclone wind speeds (Russell 2022, derived from Bloemendaal et al 2020 and Bloemendaal et al 2022)</li> </ul> <p>Exposure:</p> <ul> <li>population (Schiavina et al, 2023)</li> <li>built-up area (Pesaresi et al, 2023)</li> <li>roads (OpenStreetMap, 2025)</li> <li>railways (OpenStreetMap, 2025)</li> <li>power plants (Global Energy Observatory et al, 2018)</li> <li>power transmission lines (Arderne et al, 2020)</li> </ul> <p>Contextual information:</p> <ul> <li>elevation (European Union and ESA, 2021)</li> <li>land-use and land cover (Copernicus Climate Change Service and Climate Data Store, 2019)</li> <li>administrative boundaries from geoBoundaries (Runfola et al., 2020)</li> </ul> <p> The spatial intersection of hazard and exposure datasets is a first step to analyse vulnerability and risk to infrastructure and people. </p> <p> To learn more about related concepts, there is a free short course available through the Open University on <a href="https://www.open.edu/openlearncreate/course/view.php?id=12278">Infrastructure and Climate Resilience</a>. This <a href="https://opsis.eci.ox.ac.uk/courses/2-infra-for-resil/">overview of the course</a> has more details. </p> <p> These Python libraries may be a useful place to start analysis of the data in the packages produced by this workflow: </p> <ul> <li> <a href="https://github.com/tomalrussell/snkit"><code>snkit</code></a> helps clean network data </li> <li> <a href="https://github.com/nismod/snail"><code>nismod-snail</code></a> is designed to help implement infrastructure exposure, damage and risk calculations </li> </ul> <p> The <a href="https://github.com/nismod/open-gira"><code>open-gira</code></a> repository contains a larger workflow for global-scale open-data infrastructure risk and resilience analysis. </p> <p> For a more developed example, some of these datasets were key inputs to a regional climate risk assessment of current and future flooding risks to transport networks in East Africa, which has a related online visualisation tool at <a href="https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/">https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/</a> and is described in detail in Hickford et al (2023). </p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <ul> <li> Arderne, Christopher, Nicolas, Claire, Zorn, Conrad, & Koks, Elco E. (2020). Data from: Predictive mapping of the global power system using open data [Dataset]. In Nature Scientific Data (1.1.1, Vol. 7, Number Article 19). Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3628142">10.5281/zenodo.3628142</a> </li> <li> Baugh, Calum; Colonese, Juan; D'Angelo, Claudia; Dottori, Francesco; Neal, Jeffrey; Prudhomme, Christel; Salamon, Peter (2024): Global river flood hazard maps. European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) [Dataset] PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif">data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, H. (Hans); Muis, S; Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Aerts, J.C.J.H. (Jeroen) (2020): STORM tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/12705164.v3">10.4121/12705164.v3</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, Hans; Dullaart, Job; Haarsma, R.J. (Reindert); Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Martinez, Andrew B.; et al. (2022): STORM climate change tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/14510817.v3">10.4121/14510817.v3</a> </li> <li> Copernicus Climate Change Service, Climate Data Store, (2019): Land cover classification gridded maps from 1992 to present derived from satellite observation. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS). DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.006f2c9a">10.24381/cds.006f2c9a</a> (Accessed on 09-AUG-2024) </li> <li> Copernicus DEM - Global Digital Elevation Model (2021) DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65">10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65</a> (produced using Copernicus WorldDEM™-90 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved) </li> <li> Global Energy Observatory, Google, KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, Enipedia, World Resources Institute. (2018) Global Power Plant Database. Published on Resource Watch and Google Earth Engine; <a href="http://resourcewatch.org/">resourcewatch.org/</a> </li> <li> Hickford et al (2023) Decision support systems for resilient strategic transport networks in low-income countries – Final Report. Available online: <a href="https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries">https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries</a> </li> <li> Lange, S., Volkholz, J., Geiger, T., Zhao, F., Vega, I., Veldkamp, T., et al. (2020). Projecting exposure to extreme climate impact events across six event categories and three spatial scales. Earth's Future, 8, e2020EF001616. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2020EF001616">10.1029/2020EF001616</a> </li> <li> Natural Earth (2023) Admin 0 Map Units, v5.1.1. [Dataset] Available online: <a href="https://www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details/">www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details</a> </li> <li> OpenStreetMap contributors, Russell T., Thomas F., nismod/datapkg contributors (2025) Road and Rail networks derived from OpenStreetMap. [Dataset] Available at <a href="https://global.infrastructureresilience.org">global.infrastructureresilience.org</a> </li> <li> Pesaresi M., Politis P. (2023): GHS-BUILT-S R2023A - GHS built-up surface grid, derived from Sentinel2 composite and Landsat, multitemporal (1975-2030) European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea">data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea</a>, doi:10.2905/9F06F36F-4B11-47EC-ABB0-4F8B7B1D72EA </li> <li> Runfola D, Anderson A, Baier H, Crittenden M, Dowker E, Fuhrig S, et al. (2020) geoBoundaries: A global database of political administrative boundaries. PLoS ONE 15(4): e0231866. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231866">10.1371/journal.pone.0231866</a>. </li> <li> Russell, T., Nicholas, C., & Bernhofen, M. (2023). Annual probability of extreme heat and drought events, derived from Lange et al 2020 (Version 2) [Dataset]. Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8147088">10.5281/zenodo.8147088</a> </li> <li> Schiavina M., Freire S., Carioli A., MacManus K. (2023): GHS-POP R2023A - GHS population grid multitemporal (1975-2030). European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe">data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe</a>, doi:10.2905/2FF68A52-5B5B-4A22-8F40-C41DA8332CFE </li> <li> Ward, P.J., H.C. Winsemius, S. Kuzma, M.F.P. Bierkens, A. Bouwman, H. de Moel, A. Díaz Loaiza, et al. (2020) Aqueduct Floods Methodology. Technical Note. Washington, D.C.: World Resources Institute. Available online at: <a href="https://www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology">www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology</a>. </li> </ul>
Infrastructure Climate Resilience Assessment Data Starter Kit for Liberia
<p> This starter data kit collects extracts from global, open datasets relating to climate hazards and infrastructure systems. </p> <p> These extracts are derived from global datasets which have been clipped to the national scale (or subnational, in cases where national boundaries have been split, generally to separate outlying islands or non-contiguous regions), using Natural Earth (2023) boundaries, and is not meant to express an opinion about borders, territory or sovereignty. </p> <p> Human-induced climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of climate and weather extremes. This is causing widespread, adverse impacts to societies, economies and infrastructures. Climate risk analysis is essential to inform policy decisions aimed at reducing risk. Yet, access to data is often a barrier, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Data are often scattered, hard to find, in formats that are difficult to use or requiring considerable technical expertise. Nevertheless, there are global, open datasets which provide some information about climate hazards, society, infrastructure and the economy. This "data starter kit" aims to kickstart the process and act as a starting point for further model development and scenario analysis. </p> <p>Hazards:</p> <ul> <li>coastal and river flooding (Ward et al, 2020; Baugh et al, 2024)</li> <li>extreme heat and drought (Russell et al 2023, derived from Lange et al, 2020)</li> <li>tropical cyclone wind speeds (Russell 2022, derived from Bloemendaal et al 2020 and Bloemendaal et al 2022)</li> </ul> <p>Exposure:</p> <ul> <li>population (Schiavina et al, 2023)</li> <li>built-up area (Pesaresi et al, 2023)</li> <li>roads (OpenStreetMap, 2025)</li> <li>railways (OpenStreetMap, 2025)</li> <li>power plants (Global Energy Observatory et al, 2018)</li> <li>power transmission lines (Arderne et al, 2020)</li> </ul> <p>Contextual information:</p> <ul> <li>elevation (European Union and ESA, 2021)</li> <li>land-use and land cover (Copernicus Climate Change Service and Climate Data Store, 2019)</li> <li>administrative boundaries from geoBoundaries (Runfola et al., 2020)</li> </ul> <p> The spatial intersection of hazard and exposure datasets is a first step to analyse vulnerability and risk to infrastructure and people. </p> <p> To learn more about related concepts, there is a free short course available through the Open University on <a href="https://www.open.edu/openlearncreate/course/view.php?id=12278">Infrastructure and Climate Resilience</a>. This <a href="https://opsis.eci.ox.ac.uk/courses/2-infra-for-resil/">overview of the course</a> has more details. </p> <p> These Python libraries may be a useful place to start analysis of the data in the packages produced by this workflow: </p> <ul> <li> <a href="https://github.com/tomalrussell/snkit"><code>snkit</code></a> helps clean network data </li> <li> <a href="https://github.com/nismod/snail"><code>nismod-snail</code></a> is designed to help implement infrastructure exposure, damage and risk calculations </li> </ul> <p> The <a href="https://github.com/nismod/open-gira"><code>open-gira</code></a> repository contains a larger workflow for global-scale open-data infrastructure risk and resilience analysis. </p> <p> For a more developed example, some of these datasets were key inputs to a regional climate risk assessment of current and future flooding risks to transport networks in East Africa, which has a related online visualisation tool at <a href="https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/">https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/</a> and is described in detail in Hickford et al (2023). </p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <ul> <li> Arderne, Christopher, Nicolas, Claire, Zorn, Conrad, & Koks, Elco E. (2020). Data from: Predictive mapping of the global power system using open data [Dataset]. In Nature Scientific Data (1.1.1, Vol. 7, Number Article 19). Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3628142">10.5281/zenodo.3628142</a> </li> <li> Baugh, Calum; Colonese, Juan; D'Angelo, Claudia; Dottori, Francesco; Neal, Jeffrey; Prudhomme, Christel; Salamon, Peter (2024): Global river flood hazard maps. European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) [Dataset] PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif">data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, H. (Hans); Muis, S; Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Aerts, J.C.J.H. (Jeroen) (2020): STORM tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/12705164.v3">10.4121/12705164.v3</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, Hans; Dullaart, Job; Haarsma, R.J. (Reindert); Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Martinez, Andrew B.; et al. (2022): STORM climate change tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/14510817.v3">10.4121/14510817.v3</a> </li> <li> Copernicus Climate Change Service, Climate Data Store, (2019): Land cover classification gridded maps from 1992 to present derived from satellite observation. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS). DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.006f2c9a">10.24381/cds.006f2c9a</a> (Accessed on 09-AUG-2024) </li> <li> Copernicus DEM - Global Digital Elevation Model (2021) DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65">10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65</a> (produced using Copernicus WorldDEM™-90 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved) </li> <li> Global Energy Observatory, Google, KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, Enipedia, World Resources Institute. (2018) Global Power Plant Database. Published on Resource Watch and Google Earth Engine; <a href="http://resourcewatch.org/">resourcewatch.org/</a> </li> <li> Hickford et al (2023) Decision support systems for resilient strategic transport networks in low-income countries – Final Report. Available online: <a href="https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries">https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries</a> </li> <li> Lange, S., Volkholz, J., Geiger, T., Zhao, F., Vega, I., Veldkamp, T., et al. (2020). Projecting exposure to extreme climate impact events across six event categories and three spatial scales. Earth's Future, 8, e2020EF001616. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2020EF001616">10.1029/2020EF001616</a> </li> <li> Natural Earth (2023) Admin 0 Map Units, v5.1.1. [Dataset] Available online: <a href="https://www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details/">www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details</a> </li> <li> OpenStreetMap contributors, Russell T., Thomas F., nismod/datapkg contributors (2025) Road and Rail networks derived from OpenStreetMap. [Dataset] Available at <a href="https://global.infrastructureresilience.org">global.infrastructureresilience.org</a> </li> <li> Pesaresi M., Politis P. (2023): GHS-BUILT-S R2023A - GHS built-up surface grid, derived from Sentinel2 composite and Landsat, multitemporal (1975-2030) European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea">data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea</a>, doi:10.2905/9F06F36F-4B11-47EC-ABB0-4F8B7B1D72EA </li> <li> Runfola D, Anderson A, Baier H, Crittenden M, Dowker E, Fuhrig S, et al. (2020) geoBoundaries: A global database of political administrative boundaries. PLoS ONE 15(4): e0231866. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231866">10.1371/journal.pone.0231866</a>. </li> <li> Russell, T., Nicholas, C., & Bernhofen, M. (2023). Annual probability of extreme heat and drought events, derived from Lange et al 2020 (Version 2) [Dataset]. Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8147088">10.5281/zenodo.8147088</a> </li> <li> Schiavina M., Freire S., Carioli A., MacManus K. (2023): GHS-POP R2023A - GHS population grid multitemporal (1975-2030). European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe">data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe</a>, doi:10.2905/2FF68A52-5B5B-4A22-8F40-C41DA8332CFE </li> <li> Ward, P.J., H.C. Winsemius, S. Kuzma, M.F.P. Bierkens, A. Bouwman, H. de Moel, A. Díaz Loaiza, et al. (2020) Aqueduct Floods Methodology. Technical Note. Washington, D.C.: World Resources Institute. Available online at: <a href="https://www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology">www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology</a>. </li> </ul>
Infrastructure Climate Resilience Assessment Data Starter Kit for Malta
<p> This starter data kit collects extracts from global, open datasets relating to climate hazards and infrastructure systems. </p> <p> These extracts are derived from global datasets which have been clipped to the national scale (or subnational, in cases where national boundaries have been split, generally to separate outlying islands or non-contiguous regions), using Natural Earth (2023) boundaries, and is not meant to express an opinion about borders, territory or sovereignty. </p> <p> Human-induced climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of climate and weather extremes. This is causing widespread, adverse impacts to societies, economies and infrastructures. Climate risk analysis is essential to inform policy decisions aimed at reducing risk. Yet, access to data is often a barrier, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Data are often scattered, hard to find, in formats that are difficult to use or requiring considerable technical expertise. Nevertheless, there are global, open datasets which provide some information about climate hazards, society, infrastructure and the economy. This "data starter kit" aims to kickstart the process and act as a starting point for further model development and scenario analysis. </p> <p>Hazards:</p> <ul> <li>coastal and river flooding (Ward et al, 2020; Baugh et al, 2024)</li> <li>extreme heat and drought (Russell et al 2023, derived from Lange et al, 2020)</li> <li>tropical cyclone wind speeds (Russell 2022, derived from Bloemendaal et al 2020 and Bloemendaal et al 2022)</li> </ul> <p>Exposure:</p> <ul> <li>population (Schiavina et al, 2023)</li> <li>built-up area (Pesaresi et al, 2023)</li> <li>roads (OpenStreetMap, 2025)</li> <li>railways (OpenStreetMap, 2025)</li> <li>power plants (Global Energy Observatory et al, 2018)</li> <li>power transmission lines (Arderne et al, 2020)</li> </ul> <p>Contextual information:</p> <ul> <li>elevation (European Union and ESA, 2021)</li> <li>land-use and land cover (Copernicus Climate Change Service and Climate Data Store, 2019)</li> <li>administrative boundaries from geoBoundaries (Runfola et al., 2020)</li> </ul> <p> The spatial intersection of hazard and exposure datasets is a first step to analyse vulnerability and risk to infrastructure and people. </p> <p> To learn more about related concepts, there is a free short course available through the Open University on <a href="https://www.open.edu/openlearncreate/course/view.php?id=12278">Infrastructure and Climate Resilience</a>. This <a href="https://opsis.eci.ox.ac.uk/courses/2-infra-for-resil/">overview of the course</a> has more details. </p> <p> These Python libraries may be a useful place to start analysis of the data in the packages produced by this workflow: </p> <ul> <li> <a href="https://github.com/tomalrussell/snkit"><code>snkit</code></a> helps clean network data </li> <li> <a href="https://github.com/nismod/snail"><code>nismod-snail</code></a> is designed to help implement infrastructure exposure, damage and risk calculations </li> </ul> <p> The <a href="https://github.com/nismod/open-gira"><code>open-gira</code></a> repository contains a larger workflow for global-scale open-data infrastructure risk and resilience analysis. </p> <p> For a more developed example, some of these datasets were key inputs to a regional climate risk assessment of current and future flooding risks to transport networks in East Africa, which has a related online visualisation tool at <a href="https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/">https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/</a> and is described in detail in Hickford et al (2023). </p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <ul> <li> Arderne, Christopher, Nicolas, Claire, Zorn, Conrad, & Koks, Elco E. (2020). Data from: Predictive mapping of the global power system using open data [Dataset]. In Nature Scientific Data (1.1.1, Vol. 7, Number Article 19). Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3628142">10.5281/zenodo.3628142</a> </li> <li> Baugh, Calum; Colonese, Juan; D'Angelo, Claudia; Dottori, Francesco; Neal, Jeffrey; Prudhomme, Christel; Salamon, Peter (2024): Global river flood hazard maps. European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) [Dataset] PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif">data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, H. (Hans); Muis, S; Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Aerts, J.C.J.H. (Jeroen) (2020): STORM tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/12705164.v3">10.4121/12705164.v3</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, Hans; Dullaart, Job; Haarsma, R.J. (Reindert); Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Martinez, Andrew B.; et al. (2022): STORM climate change tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/14510817.v3">10.4121/14510817.v3</a> </li> <li> Copernicus Climate Change Service, Climate Data Store, (2019): Land cover classification gridded maps from 1992 to present derived from satellite observation. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS). DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.006f2c9a">10.24381/cds.006f2c9a</a> (Accessed on 09-AUG-2024) </li> <li> Copernicus DEM - Global Digital Elevation Model (2021) DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65">10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65</a> (produced using Copernicus WorldDEM™-90 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved) </li> <li> Global Energy Observatory, Google, KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, Enipedia, World Resources Institute. (2018) Global Power Plant Database. Published on Resource Watch and Google Earth Engine; <a href="http://resourcewatch.org/">resourcewatch.org/</a> </li> <li> Hickford et al (2023) Decision support systems for resilient strategic transport networks in low-income countries – Final Report. Available online: <a href="https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries">https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries</a> </li> <li> Lange, S., Volkholz, J., Geiger, T., Zhao, F., Vega, I., Veldkamp, T., et al. (2020). Projecting exposure to extreme climate impact events across six event categories and three spatial scales. Earth's Future, 8, e2020EF001616. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2020EF001616">10.1029/2020EF001616</a> </li> <li> Natural Earth (2023) Admin 0 Map Units, v5.1.1. [Dataset] Available online: <a href="https://www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details/">www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details</a> </li> <li> OpenStreetMap contributors, Russell T., Thomas F., nismod/datapkg contributors (2025) Road and Rail networks derived from OpenStreetMap. [Dataset] Available at <a href="https://global.infrastructureresilience.org">global.infrastructureresilience.org</a> </li> <li> Pesaresi M., Politis P. (2023): GHS-BUILT-S R2023A - GHS built-up surface grid, derived from Sentinel2 composite and Landsat, multitemporal (1975-2030) European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea">data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea</a>, doi:10.2905/9F06F36F-4B11-47EC-ABB0-4F8B7B1D72EA </li> <li> Runfola D, Anderson A, Baier H, Crittenden M, Dowker E, Fuhrig S, et al. (2020) geoBoundaries: A global database of political administrative boundaries. PLoS ONE 15(4): e0231866. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231866">10.1371/journal.pone.0231866</a>. </li> <li> Russell, T., Nicholas, C., & Bernhofen, M. (2023). Annual probability of extreme heat and drought events, derived from Lange et al 2020 (Version 2) [Dataset]. Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8147088">10.5281/zenodo.8147088</a> </li> <li> Schiavina M., Freire S., Carioli A., MacManus K. (2023): GHS-POP R2023A - GHS population grid multitemporal (1975-2030). European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe">data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe</a>, doi:10.2905/2FF68A52-5B5B-4A22-8F40-C41DA8332CFE </li> <li> Ward, P.J., H.C. Winsemius, S. Kuzma, M.F.P. Bierkens, A. Bouwman, H. de Moel, A. Díaz Loaiza, et al. (2020) Aqueduct Floods Methodology. Technical Note. Washington, D.C.: World Resources Institute. Available online at: <a href="https://www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology">www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology</a>. </li> </ul>
Infrastructure Climate Resilience Assessment Data Starter Kit for Brazil
<p> This starter data kit collects extracts from global, open datasets relating to climate hazards and infrastructure systems. </p> <p> These extracts are derived from global datasets which have been clipped to the national scale (or subnational, in cases where national boundaries have been split, generally to separate outlying islands or non-contiguous regions), using Natural Earth (2023) boundaries, and is not meant to express an opinion about borders, territory or sovereignty. </p> <p> Human-induced climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of climate and weather extremes. This is causing widespread, adverse impacts to societies, economies and infrastructures. Climate risk analysis is essential to inform policy decisions aimed at reducing risk. Yet, access to data is often a barrier, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Data are often scattered, hard to find, in formats that are difficult to use or requiring considerable technical expertise. Nevertheless, there are global, open datasets which provide some information about climate hazards, society, infrastructure and the economy. This "data starter kit" aims to kickstart the process and act as a starting point for further model development and scenario analysis. </p> <p>Hazards:</p> <ul> <li>coastal and river flooding (Ward et al, 2020; Baugh et al, 2024)</li> <li>extreme heat and drought (Russell et al 2023, derived from Lange et al, 2020)</li> <li>tropical cyclone wind speeds (Russell 2022, derived from Bloemendaal et al 2020 and Bloemendaal et al 2022)</li> </ul> <p>Exposure:</p> <ul> <li>population (Schiavina et al, 2023)</li> <li>built-up area (Pesaresi et al, 2023)</li> <li>roads (OpenStreetMap, 2025)</li> <li>railways (OpenStreetMap, 2025)</li> <li>power plants (Global Energy Observatory et al, 2018)</li> <li>power transmission lines (Arderne et al, 2020)</li> </ul> <p>Contextual information:</p> <ul> <li>elevation (European Union and ESA, 2021)</li> <li>land-use and land cover (Copernicus Climate Change Service and Climate Data Store, 2019)</li> <li>administrative boundaries from geoBoundaries (Runfola et al., 2020)</li> </ul> <p> The spatial intersection of hazard and exposure datasets is a first step to analyse vulnerability and risk to infrastructure and people. </p> <p> To learn more about related concepts, there is a free short course available through the Open University on <a href="https://www.open.edu/openlearncreate/course/view.php?id=12278">Infrastructure and Climate Resilience</a>. This <a href="https://opsis.eci.ox.ac.uk/courses/2-infra-for-resil/">overview of the course</a> has more details. </p> <p> These Python libraries may be a useful place to start analysis of the data in the packages produced by this workflow: </p> <ul> <li> <a href="https://github.com/tomalrussell/snkit"><code>snkit</code></a> helps clean network data </li> <li> <a href="https://github.com/nismod/snail"><code>nismod-snail</code></a> is designed to help implement infrastructure exposure, damage and risk calculations </li> </ul> <p> The <a href="https://github.com/nismod/open-gira"><code>open-gira</code></a> repository contains a larger workflow for global-scale open-data infrastructure risk and resilience analysis. </p> <p> For a more developed example, some of these datasets were key inputs to a regional climate risk assessment of current and future flooding risks to transport networks in East Africa, which has a related online visualisation tool at <a href="https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/">https://east-africa.infrastructureresilience.org/</a> and is described in detail in Hickford et al (2023). </p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <ul> <li> Arderne, Christopher, Nicolas, Claire, Zorn, Conrad, & Koks, Elco E. (2020). Data from: Predictive mapping of the global power system using open data [Dataset]. In Nature Scientific Data (1.1.1, Vol. 7, Number Article 19). Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3628142">10.5281/zenodo.3628142</a> </li> <li> Baugh, Calum; Colonese, Juan; D'Angelo, Claudia; Dottori, Francesco; Neal, Jeffrey; Prudhomme, Christel; Salamon, Peter (2024): Global river flood hazard maps. European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) [Dataset] PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif">data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-floods-floodmapgl_rp50y-tif</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, H. (Hans); Muis, S; Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Aerts, J.C.J.H. (Jeroen) (2020): STORM tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/12705164.v3">10.4121/12705164.v3</a> </li> <li> Bloemendaal, Nadia; de Moel, Hans; Dullaart, Job; Haarsma, R.J. (Reindert); Haigh, I.D. (Ivan); Martinez, Andrew B.; et al. (2022): STORM climate change tropical cyclone wind speed return periods. 4TU.ResearchData. [Dataset]. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/14510817.v3">10.4121/14510817.v3</a> </li> <li> Copernicus Climate Change Service, Climate Data Store, (2019): Land cover classification gridded maps from 1992 to present derived from satellite observation. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS). DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.006f2c9a">10.24381/cds.006f2c9a</a> (Accessed on 09-AUG-2024) </li> <li> Copernicus DEM - Global Digital Elevation Model (2021) DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65">10.5270/ESA-c5d3d65</a> (produced using Copernicus WorldDEM™-90 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved) </li> <li> Global Energy Observatory, Google, KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, Enipedia, World Resources Institute. (2018) Global Power Plant Database. Published on Resource Watch and Google Earth Engine; <a href="http://resourcewatch.org/">resourcewatch.org/</a> </li> <li> Hickford et al (2023) Decision support systems for resilient strategic transport networks in low-income countries – Final Report. Available online: <a href="https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries">https://transport-links.com/hvt-publications/final-report-decision-support-systems-for-resilient-strategic-transport-networks-in-low-income-countries</a> </li> <li> Lange, S., Volkholz, J., Geiger, T., Zhao, F., Vega, I., Veldkamp, T., et al. (2020). Projecting exposure to extreme climate impact events across six event categories and three spatial scales. Earth's Future, 8, e2020EF001616. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2020EF001616">10.1029/2020EF001616</a> </li> <li> Natural Earth (2023) Admin 0 Map Units, v5.1.1. [Dataset] Available online: <a href="https://www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details/">www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-0-details</a> </li> <li> OpenStreetMap contributors, Russell T., Thomas F., nismod/datapkg contributors (2025) Road and Rail networks derived from OpenStreetMap. [Dataset] Available at <a href="https://global.infrastructureresilience.org">global.infrastructureresilience.org</a> </li> <li> Pesaresi M., Politis P. (2023): GHS-BUILT-S R2023A - GHS built-up surface grid, derived from Sentinel2 composite and Landsat, multitemporal (1975-2030) European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea">data.europa.eu/89h/9f06f36f-4b11-47ec-abb0-4f8b7b1d72ea</a>, doi:10.2905/9F06F36F-4B11-47EC-ABB0-4F8B7B1D72EA </li> <li> Runfola D, Anderson A, Baier H, Crittenden M, Dowker E, Fuhrig S, et al. (2020) geoBoundaries: A global database of political administrative boundaries. PLoS ONE 15(4): e0231866. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231866">10.1371/journal.pone.0231866</a>. </li> <li> Russell, T., Nicholas, C., & Bernhofen, M. (2023). Annual probability of extreme heat and drought events, derived from Lange et al 2020 (Version 2) [Dataset]. Zenodo. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8147088">10.5281/zenodo.8147088</a> </li> <li> Schiavina M., Freire S., Carioli A., MacManus K. (2023): GHS-POP R2023A - GHS population grid multitemporal (1975-2030). European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) PID: <a href="http://data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe">data.europa.eu/89h/2ff68a52-5b5b-4a22-8f40-c41da8332cfe</a>, doi:10.2905/2FF68A52-5B5B-4A22-8F40-C41DA8332CFE </li> <li> Ward, P.J., H.C. Winsemius, S. Kuzma, M.F.P. Bierkens, A. Bouwman, H. de Moel, A. Díaz Loaiza, et al. (2020) Aqueduct Floods Methodology. Technical Note. Washington, D.C.: World Resources Institute. Available online at: <a href="https://www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology">www.wri.org/publication/aqueduct-floods-methodology</a>. </li> </ul>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.