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5 results for “Stegodyphus sarasinorum”
Code and data associated with 'The web architecture, dynamics, and silk investment in the social spider, Stegodyphus sarasinorum'
<p>Location of the main files and folders relevant to the paper:</p> <p>All R based analyses were done with a combination of a Windows 8 laptop and a Linux Mint 19.2 Cinnamon.<br> The nparLD analyses require R version 2.15.3, and the other analyses were done with R version<br> 3.4.4. Multiple versions of R can be installed and run on the same system using the Rbuild and Renv packages. Please see the parts of the Rmd files describing the nparLD analyses to see how this was done.</p> <p>## Silk investment and topology related analyses are in the folder 'web-construction FINAL round- raw data/analysis-FINALround/analysis-results/feb_2016_Rmdfiles/</p> <p>R Markdown notebook files and associated HTML outputs used to replicate figures and results in paper:</p> <p>### Pore-size and coordination number analysis</p> <p>- beleyur_et_al_topology_analyses.Rmd</p> <p>### Silk investment and per-capita analyses</p> <p>- beleyur_et_al_silk_analyses.Rmd</p> <p>### Weight-loss analysis</p> <p>- weight_loss_analysis.Rmd</p> <p>### nparLD analysis scripts</p> <p>- poresize_CN_nparLD.R<br> - silk_nparLD.R</p> <p>## Coordination number and pore size calculations</p> <p>Code and data used to quantify the coordination number and pore size in 'AllResults.zip' - a combination of raw images, .mat data files and .m files that can be analysed using the MATLAB platform.</p> <p>All data and code in 'AllResults.zip'</p> <p> </p> <p>## Raw data location:</p> <p>'web-construction FINAL round- raw data/pics-till 11th March/pics by date and batch/'</p> <p>All raw JPG images are placed according to their batch (A-J), and group size. Please note that not all webs can be finally analysed as having the labelled group size because despite all efforts spiders somehow managed to move between colonies in some cases! Please refer to the actual colonies used in the manuscript, these webs have definitely been built by the specified number of spiders.</p> <p>## Hand-cropped images of only web with retreat</p> <p>'web-construction FINAL round- raw data/pics-till 11th March/cropped_photos_in_one_place/'</p> <p>These are TIF files made after manual cropping of the web pictures. Please see the note above explaining how to choose the webs with valid group sizes.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Data from: Task specialization in two social spiders, Stegodyphus sarasinorum (Eresidae) and Anelosimus eximius (Theridiidae).
Understanding the social organization of group living organisms is crucial for the comprehension of the underlying selective mechanisms involved in the evolution of cooperation. Division of labour and caste formation is restricted to eusocial organisms, but behavioural asymmetries and reproductive skew is common in other group living animals. Permanently social spiders form highly related groups with reproductive skew and communal brood care. We investigated task differentiation in non-reproductive tasks in two permanently and independently derived social spider species asking the following questions: Do individual spiders vary consistently in their propensity to engage in prey attack? Are individual spiders' propensities to engage in web maintenance behaviour influenced by their previous engagement in prey attack? Interestingly, we found that both species showed some degree of task specialization, but in distinctly different ways: Stegodyphus sarasinorum, showed behavioural asymmetries at the individual level, i.e. individual spiders that had attacked prey once were more likely to attack prey again, independent of their body size or hunger level. In contrast, Anelosimus eximius showed no individual specialization, but showed differentiation according to life stage, where adult and subadult females were more likely to engage in prey attack than were juveniles. We found no evidence for division of labour between prey attack and web maintenance. Different solutions to achieve task differentiation in prey attack for the two species studied here suggest an adaptive value of task specialization in foraging for social spiders.
Data from: Task specialization in two social spiders, Stegodyphus sarasinorum (Eresidae) and Anelosimus eximius (Theridiidae).
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Data from: Behavioural responses vary with prey species in the social spider, Stegodyphus sarasinorum
Predators living in social groups often show consistent inter-individual differences in prey capture behaviour that may be linked to personality. Though personality predisposes individuals for certain behaviours, responses can also be influenced by context. Studies examining personality-dependent participation in prey capture have largely employed only one prey species, offering the predator no choice. In nature, predators encounter a range of prey species, therefore participation in or leading a prey capture event must also depend on prey attributes (for example, size and risk). In the social spider Stegodyphus sarasinorum, collective prey capture is mediated by personality types as a consequence of which some individuals are consistently more likely to attack. Here, we examined if an individual's consistency to attack persisted within and between the two prey species (honeybees and grasshoppers), and if the same individuals attacked first with both prey species. Our results showed that inter-individual differences in attacking persisted within- and between the two prey species. Spiders showed greater participation in attacking grasshoppers relative to bees. Identities of first attackers were not the same for bees and grasshoppers. Spiders showed greater consistency over time in attacking bees relative to grasshoppers. Bees attracted fewer attackers than size-matched grasshoppers. These results suggest that greater task specialization may be necessary to successfully subdue bees. Spiders handled bees more cautiously, which is likely to explain the observed plasticity in attacking the two prey species. Thus, participation in prey capture in social spiders is influenced by the attributes of prey species.
Data from: Behavioural responses vary with prey species in the social spider, Stegodyphus sarasinorum
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