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opencc-zeroDec 2016View details →

FIGURES 1 – 6. Coriophagus calcaneus n in Two new species of Halictophagidae (Insecta: Strepsiptera) including the first record of genus Coriophagus Kinzelbach from India

FIGURES 1 – 6. Coriophagus calcaneus n. sp., adult male. 1: head in ventral view, 2: antenna, 3: maxilla, 4: mandible, 5: metathorax in dorsal view, 6: right hind wing.

opencc-zeroDec 2016View details →

FIGURES 7 – 10. Coriophagus calcaneus n in Two new species of Halictophagidae (Insecta: Strepsiptera) including the first record of genus Coriophagus Kinzelbach from India

FIGURES 7 – 10. Coriophagus calcaneus n. sp., adult male. 7: prothoracic leg, 8: mesothoracic leg, 9: metathoracic leg, 10: aedeagus.

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Data from: Collection methods and distribution modeling for Strepsiptera in the United States

<p>The twisted-wing parasite order (Strepsiptera Kirby, 1813) is difficult to study due to the complexity of strepsipteran life histories, small body sizes, and a lack of accessible distribution data for most species. Here, we present a review of the strepsipteran species known from New York State. We also demonstrate successful collection methods and a survey of species carried out in an old-growth deciduous forest dominated by native New York species (Black Rock Forest, Cornwall, NY) and a private site in the Catskill Mountains (Shandaken, NY). Additionally, we model suitable habitat for Strepsiptera in the United States with species distribution modeling. We base our models on host distributions and climatic variables to inform predictions of where these twisted-wing parasites are likely to be found. With this work, we hope to provide a useful reference for the future collection of Strepsiptera.</p>

opencc-zeroMay 2024View details →

Fig. 6 in Light trap capture of live Elenchus koebelei (Strepsiptera: Elenchidae)

Fig. 6. Stacked frequency distributions of captured Elenchus koebelei males. The white area under the outline illustrates the number of days with a given catch at Wakulla Beach, the gray area depicts that for all years at Guana Tolomato Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve (GTM), and the hashed gray area represents the portion of the catch at GTM without 2014. Lastly, the broad outline represents the combined catch frequencies from both sites for all 3 years, 2013–2015. More than half the days with no catches occurred in 2014, when sampling began in mid-Oct.

Fig. 5. Live Elenchus koebelei males caught over a 3 in Light trap capture of live Elenchus koebelei (Strepsiptera: Elenchidae)

Fig. 5. Live Elenchus koebelei males caught over a 3-year period plotted against minutes relative to sunrise. Most eclosed males were caught between 30 min before sunrise and sunrise itself. None were caught more than 63 min before or 36 min afer sunrise. Though wind-induced fluctuations occurred at Wakulla Beach, the range of capture times at both sites were similar, and peak catch times appear strongly influenced by morning civil twilight. Of the 521 adult male E. koebelei caught over the course of the study, only the 391 captured alive at known times are included in the graph.

Fig. 3 in Light trap capture of live Elenchus koebelei (Strepsiptera: Elenchidae)

Fig. 3. Collection sites: The north branch of the Guana Tolomato Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve in Saint John's County, near Florida's Atlantic Coast, and Wakulla Beach, on the Gulf Coast in Wakulla County. [Produced with assistance from Eco-Regions of Florida. Level IV Ecoregions graphic developed by the Watershed Monitoring Section, Division of Environmental Assessment and Restoration, Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Tallahassee, Florida. Sourced from Griffith et al. (2001). Adapted with permission.]

Fig. 8 in Light trap capture of live Elenchus koebelei (Strepsiptera: Elenchidae)

Fig. 8. Daily Strepsiptera catch versus temperature and wind speed. Ninetythree percent of the Elenchus koebelei were caught at temperatures between 21.7 to 25.6 °C (71–78 °F) inclusive. Strepsiptera catch suffered markedly when it was too cold. Similarly, most E. koebelei were captured when the wind was blowing slightly, perhaps owing to the role pheromones play. The ×'s indicate conditions in which no Strepsiptera were caught but sampling was attempted. Graphed wind speeds were measured at area weather stations rather than locally.

Fig. 2. The light trap. A in Light trap capture of live Elenchus koebelei (Strepsiptera: Elenchidae)

Fig. 2. The light trap. A. Schematic of the PVC skeleton. Electronics were placed in the bucket, which could be suspended from the trap at high tide. B. PVC parts. Some parts were cemented together for strength and ease of construction. C. Trap with sheet and lights in place. In taller grass, longer trap legs can be used to help provide a crease into which attracted Strepsiptera can fly, walk, or fall. This reduces specimen loss through desiccation or drop-off into grass. In short grass it may be better to wet the trap base and use a long ultraviolet light. D. The base of the trap when used with the long light.

Fig. 4 in Light trap capture of live Elenchus koebelei (Strepsiptera: Elenchidae)

Fig. 4. Successful sampling days, grouped by year and ordered by start time. The figure displays the delay between the beginning of sampling and the first live capture, the time between live captures, and the time afer the last live capture until disbanding of daily sampling. Seven captures were made during astronomical twilight, all of which occurred at Wakulla Beach: 5 on one morning, and 2 on another. There were no sampling days with live catches between 24 and 50 at either site.

Fig. 7 in Light trap capture of live Elenchus koebelei (Strepsiptera: Elenchidae)

Fig. 7. Influence of initial temperature on total catch. Black boxes indicate the fraction of total Strepsiptera captured at the given temperatures; adjacent hashed boxes represent the fraction of mornings at each temperature. The most productive days were those with dawn temperatures ranging from 22.8 to 25 °C (73–77 °F). Elenchus koebelei was not found to fly on mornings when the temperature was below 17.2 °C (63 °F). The ratio of E. koebelei caught to collection days drops off dramatically for temperatures above 25.5 °C (78 °F).

Fig. 1 in Light trap capture of live Elenchus koebelei (Strepsiptera: Elenchidae)

Fig. 1. Above: Image of an adult male Elenchus koebelei standing on an an- esthetic stage. Note its bifurcated antennae, black tapioca-like eyes, modified forewing that forms a haltere (only 1 of the pair is visible), silver sheen hindwings (iridescent in color images), and extensive thorax. Below: An E. koebelei positioned above a penny for size comparison. [When closing in on a calling female, E. koebelei fly upright with the abdomen tip turned under (Muir 1906).] Adjacent are 3 pictures of visibly stylopized planthoppers. Pupating male E. koebelei bulge from the sides of their hosts. The arrows indicate puparia.

opencc-zeroJan 2024View details →

Linked collectors and determiners for: Swedish Malaise Trap Project (SMTP) - Strepsiptera.

Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Swedish Malaise Trap Project (SMTP) - Strepsiptera". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/e73886a6-15e6-462d-b81e-bafcd858b07e">https://bionomia.net/dataset/e73886a6-15e6-462d-b81e-bafcd858b07e</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/e73886a6-15e6-462d-b81e-bafcd858b07e">https://gbif.org/dataset/e73886a6-15e6-462d-b81e-bafcd858b07e</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.

opencc-zeroJan 2024View details →

Linked collectors and determiners for: Strepsiptera from Colombia: First record of the genus Strichotrema Hofeneder (Myrmecolacidae) and a new host-parasitoid association with Megalomyrmex cyendyra (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).

Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Strepsiptera from Colombia: First record of the genus Strichotrema Hofeneder (Myrmecolacidae) and a new host-parasitoid association with Megalomyrmex cyendyra (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/7b733324-5ae1-4f77-9a65-14a08913a3b4">https://bionomia.net/dataset/7b733324-5ae1-4f77-9a65-14a08913a3b4</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/7b733324-5ae1-4f77-9a65-14a08913a3b4">https://gbif.org/dataset/7b733324-5ae1-4f77-9a65-14a08913a3b4</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2009View details →

Fig. 1 in The first records of Eoxenos laboulbenei PEYERIMHOFF 1919 (Strepsiptera, Mengenillidae) from Greece

Fig. 1: One of the males Eoxenos laboulbenei collected at the Wetland Kirkini site, Greece. Photo: J.T. Smit.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2015View details →

Fig. II in First record of Eoxenos laboulbenei DE PEYERIMHOFF, 1919 (Strepsiptera, Mengenillidae) from Tuscany, central Italy

Fig. II: 3 puparium of Eoxenos laboulbenei (Val d'Orcia), head and prothorax detached. (1) lateral; (2) dorsal; (3) ventral view; photomicrographs.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2015View details →

Fig. III: ♀♀ puparia of Mengenillidae. (1-3) Eoxenos laboulbenei (Val d'Orcia). (4-6) Mengenilla chobauti HOFENEDER, 1910 (Sicily). 1, 4 lateral; 2, 5 dorsal; 3, 6 ventral view; photomicrographs; 4-6 modified from POHL et al. (2012). in First record of Eoxenos laboulbenei DE PEYERIMHOFF, 1919 (Strepsiptera, Mengenillidae) from Tuscany, central Italy

Fig. III: ♀♀ puparia of Mengenillidae. (1-3) Eoxenos laboulbenei (Val d'Orcia). (4-6) Mengenilla chobauti HOFENEDER, 1910 (Sicily). 1, 4 lateral; 2, 5 dorsal; 3, 6 ventral view; photomicrographs; 4-6 modified from POHL et al. (2012).

Fig. 4 in Two new species of Xenos (Strepsiptera: Xenidae), parasites of social wasps of the genus Mischocyttarus (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in the New World

Fig. 4. Xenos pallens Benda & Straka sp. nov., female, cephalothorax, male, cephalotheca. A – ventral side of cephalothorax; B – dorsal side of cephalothorax; C – frontal view of cephalotheca; D – lateral view of cephalotheca. Abbreviations: a – vestigial antenna, cl – clypeus, coe – compound eye, dlf – dorsal labral field of labral area, fi – frontal impression, fr – frontal region, gn – gena, hyp – hypopharynx, lba – labial area, md – mandible, mst – mesosternum, mstp – mesosternal papilla, mtst – metasternum, mtstp – metasternal papilla, mx – vestige of maxilla, mxb – maxillary base (at mandible base), mxp – vestige of maxillary palp, ob – occipital bulge, os – mouth opening, pom – postmentum, prm – prementum, pst – prosternum (prosternal extension), pstp – prosternal papilla, sbhp – segmental border between head and prothorax, sbmm – segmental border between mesothorax and metathorax, sbpm – segmental border between prothorax and mesothorax, smxg – submaxillary groove, sp – spiracle, ssf – sensillum of supraantennal sensillary field, vlf – ventral labral field of labral area.

Fig. 3 in Two new species of Xenos (Strepsiptera: Xenidae), parasites of social wasps of the genus Mischocyttarus (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in the New World

Fig. 3. Xenos pallens Benda & Straka sp. nov., host, female, cephalothorax. A – Mischocyttarus costaricensis Richards, 1945, stylopised by X. pallens sp. nov., lateral view; B – the same specimen, dorsal view; C – holotype of X. pallens sp. nov., ventral side of cephalothorax; D – holotype of X. pallens sp. nov., dorsal side of cephalothorax. Abbreviation: cl – clypeus.

Fig. 2 in Two new species of Xenos (Strepsiptera: Xenidae), parasites of social wasps of the genus Mischocyttarus (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in the New World

Fig. 2. Xenos bicolor Benda & Straka sp. nov., female, detail of cephalothorax, male, cephalotheca. A – detail of ventral side of cephalothorax from Mischocyttarus navajo Bequaert, 1933; B – detail of dorsal side of cephalothorax from M. flavitarsis (Saussure, 1854); C – frontal view of cephalotheca from M. pallidipectus (Smith, 1857); D – lateral view of cephalotheca from M. pallidipectus. Abbreviations: a – vestigial antenna, cl – clypeus, cll – clypeal lobe, coe – compound eye, dlf – dorsal labral field of labral area, fi – frontal impression, fr – frontal region, gn – gena, hyp – hypopharynx, lba – labial area, md – mandible, mx – vestige of maxilla, mxb – maxillary base, mxp – vestige of maxillary palp, ob – occipital bulge, os – mouth opening, pom – postmentum, prm – prementum, pst – prosternum (prosternal extension), sbhp – segmental border between head and prothorax, smxg – submaxillary groove, ssf – sensillum of supraantennal sensillary field, vlf – ventral labral field of labral area.

Fig. 1 in Two new species of Xenos (Strepsiptera: Xenidae), parasites of social wasps of the genus Mischocyttarus (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in the New World

Fig. 1. Xenos bicolor Benda & Straka sp. nov., host, female, cephalothorax. A – Mischocyttarus flavitarsis (Saussure, 1854) stylopised by X. bicolor sp. nov., lateral view; B – detail of host abdomen of M. navajo Bequaert, 1933, with two adult females; C–D – holotype of X. bicolor sp. nov. from M. navajo, cephalothorax; C – ventral side; D – dorsal side. Abbreviations: cll – clypeal lobe, lehc – lateral extension of head capsule, mst – mesosternum, mtst – metasternum, pst – prosternum (prosternal extension), sbmm – segmental border between mesothorax and metathorax, sbpm – segmental border between prothorax and mesothorax, sp – spiracle.