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20 results for “Striga”
Data and R scripts for: Identifying existing management practices in the control of Striga asiatica within rice–maize systems in mid-west Madagascar
<p>Infestations by the parasitic weed genus <i>Striga</i> result in significant losses to cereal crop yields across sub-Saharan Africa. The problem disproportionately affects subsistence farmers who frequently lack access to novel technologies. Effective <i>Striga </i>management therefore requires the development of strategies utilising existing cultural management practices. We report a multi-year, landscape-scale monitoring project for <i>Striga</i> asiatica in the mid-west of Madagascar, undertaken over 2019-2020 with the aims of examining cultural, climatic and edaphic factors currently driving abundance and distribution. Long-distance transects were established across the middle-west region of Madagascar, over which <i>Striga asiatica</i> abundance in fields was estimated. Analysis of the data highlights the importance of crop variety and legumes in driving <i>Striga </i>density. Moreover, the dataset revealed significant effect of precipitation seasonality, mean temperature and altitude in determining abundance. A composite management index indicated the effect of a range of cultural practices on changes in <i>Striga </i>abundance<i>. </i>The findings support the assertion that single measures are not sufficient for the effective, long-term management of <i>Striga</i>. Furthermore, the composite score has potential as a significant guide of integrated <i>Striga </i>management beyond the geographic range of this study. </p>
Data and R scripts for: Identifying existing management practices in the control of Striga asiatica within rice–maize systems in mid-west Madagascar
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FIGURE 3 in Striga musselmanii (Orobanchaceae): A new species of Striga from Western Ghats, India
FIGURE 3. Scanning Electron photomicrographs of seeds of S. musselmanii sp. nov. (A& B) and S. angustifolia (C& D). Scale bars=40μM (A), 20μM (B), 60μM (C), 20μM (D).
FIGURE 1. Striga musselmanii Omalsree & V.K in Striga musselmanii (Orobanchaceae): A new species of Striga from Western Ghats, India
FIGURE 1. Striga musselmanii Omalsree & V.K. Sreenivas sp. nov. A. & B. Abaxial and adaxial view of leaves showing the glabrous nature with prominent midrib and veins; C. Opened flower; D. Flower bud; E. Bract; F., G & H. Fruiting calyx showing glabrous lobes; I. Stamen; J. Fruit. (Photo credit: Omalsree).
Data from: Transcriptomics of host-specific interactions in natural populations of the parasitic plant purple witchweed (Striga hermonthica)
Host-specific interactions can maintain genetic and phenotypic diversity in parasites that attack multiple host species. Host diversity, in turn, may promote parasite diversity by selection for genetic divergence or plastic responses to host type. The parasitic weed purple witchweed [Striga hermonthica (Delile) Benth.] causes devastating crop losses in sub-Saharan Africa and is capable of infesting a wide range of grass hosts. Despite some evidence for host adaptation and host-by-Striga genotype interactions, little is known about intraspecific Striga genomic diversity. Here we present a study of transcriptomic diversity in populations of S. hermonthica growing on different hosts (maize [Zea mays L.] vs. grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]). We examined gene expression variation and differences in allelic frequency in expressed genes of aboveground tissues from populations in western Nigeria parasitizing each host. Despite low levels of host-based genome-wide differentiation, we identified a set of parasite transcripts specifically associated with each host. Parasite genes in several different functional categories implicated as important in host–parasite interactions differed in expression level and allele on different hosts, including genes involved in nutrient transport, defense and pathogenesis, and plant hormone response. Overall, we provide a set of candidate transcripts that demonstrate host-specific interactions in vegetative tissues of the emerged parasite S. hermonthica. Our study shows how signals of host-specific processes can be detected aboveground, expanding the focus of host–parasite interactions beyond the haustorial connection.
FIGURE 2 in Lectotypifications in Micrargeria and Striga (Orobanchaceae)
FIGURE 2. Lectotype of Micrargeria wightii Bentham (barcode K000999988).© The Board of Trustees for the Royal Botanic Garden, Kew. Reproduced with permission.
FIGURE 3 in Lectotypifications in Micrargeria and Striga (Orobanchaceae)
FIGURE 3. Lectotype of Striga junodii Schinz (barcode Z000028913). © United Herbaria Z+ZT. Reproduced with permission.
FIGURE 4 in Lectotypifications in Micrargeria and Striga (Orobanchaceae)
FIGURE 4. Lectotype of Striga welwitschii Engler (barcode BM000930767). © The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London. Reproduced with permission.
FIGURE 1 in Lectotypifications in Micrargeria and Striga (Orobanchaceae)
FIGURE 1. Lectotype of Micrargeria barteri Skan (barcode K000425539).© The Board of Trustees for the Royal Botanic Garden, Kew. Reproduced with permission.
Data from: Transcriptomics of host-specific interactions in natural populations of the parasitic plant purple witchweed (Striga hermonthica)
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Identifying suitable tester for evaluating striga resistant lines using DArTseq markers and agronomic traits
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Data from: Genome sequence of Striga asiatica provides insight into the evolution of plant parasitism
Parasitic plants in the genus Striga, commonly known as witchweeds, cause major crop losses in sub-Saharan Africa and pose a threat to agriculture worldwide. An understanding of Striga parasite biology, which could lead to agricultural solutions, has been hampered by the lack of genome information. Here we report the draft genome sequence of Striga asiatica with 34,577 predicted protein-coding genes, which reflects gene family contractions and expansions that are consistent with a three-phase model of parasitic plant genome evolution. Striga seeds germinate in response to host-derived strigolactones (SLs) and then develop a specialised penetration structure, the haustorium, to invade the host root. A family of SL receptors has undergone a striking expansion, suggesting a molecular basis for the evolution of broad host range among Striga spp. We found that genes involved in lateral root development in non-parasitic model species are coordinately induced during haustorium development in Striga, suggesting a pathway that was partly co-opted during the evolution of the haustorium. In addition, we found evidence for horizontal transfer of host genes as well as retrotransposons, indicating gene flow to S. asiatica from hosts. Our results provide valuable insights into the evolution of parasitism and a key resource for the future development of Striga control strategies.
FIGURE 2 in Striga musselmanii (Orobanchaceae): A new species of Striga from Western Ghats, India
FIGURE 2. Holotype of Striga musselmanii sp. nov..
FIGURE 1 in Lectotypification of the name Striga densiflora (Orobanchaceae)
FIGURE 1. Digital Image of proposed lectotype housed at CAL (barcode CAL0000018856).
Data from: Genome sequence of Striga asiatica provides insight into the evolution of plant parasitism
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The soil microbiome reduces Striga infection in sorghum by modulation of host-derived signaling molecules and root development
GEO Series GSE216351. Sorghum bicolor. 31 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Striga hermonthica kibos ecotype microRNA annotations
GEO Series GSE282265. Striga hermonthica. 6 samples. Type: Non-coding RNA profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Characterization of growth and development of sorghum genotypes with differential susceptibility to Striga hermonthica
GEO Series GSE167101. Sorghum bicolor. 15 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Rice cultivars undergoing a susceptible and resistant interaction with the parasitic plant Striga hermonthica
GEO Series GSE10373. Oryza sativa Japonica Group; Oryza sativa. 24 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
Global changes in gene expression during compatible and incompatible interactions of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) with the root parasitic angiosperm Striga gesnerioides
GEO Series GSE39348. Vigna unguiculata. 12 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
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