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Fig. 3 in Potamochoerus porcus (Artiodactyla: Suidae)

Fig. 3.―Male Potamochoerus porcus develop cone-shaped protuberances on either side of the muzzle that serve to protect tendons along the nose during male-to-male interactions. They are just visible in a 14-month-old juvenile male (top) but become prominent in a 5-year-old mature male (bottom). Photographs by B. Huffman.

Fig. 2 in Potamochoerus porcus (Artiodactyla: Suidae)

Fig. 2.—Early depiction of Potamochoerus porcus, the "painted pig of the Cameroons," highlighting the rufous coat, white dorsal mane, and elongated, leaf-shaped ears (Gray 1854:280, plate XXXIV).

Fig. 1 in Potamochoerus porcus (Artiodactyla: Suidae)

Fig. 1.—Mature male Potamochoerus porcus in Gabon, West Africa. Note the characteristic white dorsal crest, long white whiskers, spectacled black-and-white facemask, and elongated leaf-shaped ears with terminally dropping tufts of hair. Photograph by B. Huffman.

Fig. 6.—Neonatal Potamochoerus porcus has a in Potamochoerus porcus (Artiodactyla: Suidae)

Fig. 6.—Neonatal Potamochoerus porcus has a distinctive pattern of yellowish longitudinal stripes and spots (top; 2 weeks old) that fade to red at about 6 months after birth. Juveniles (bottom; about 9 months old) can be distinguished by the lack of both the stripes of infants and prominent facial markings of adults. Photographs by B. Huffman.

Fig. 5 in Potamochoerus porcus (Artiodactyla: Suidae)

Fig. 5.—Dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of skull and lateral view of mandible of an adult male Potamochoerus porcus (USNM [United States National Museum] 220144), collected by C. R. Aschemeier in "Fr[ench]. Congo [= presently Gabon, Republic of the Congo, and Central African Republic], Ntyonga [presently southern Gabon, presumably Nyanga Province]" on 2 March 1918. Note dried remnants of the nasal snout (not included in length of skull measurement) and bony canine apophysis, growing upwardly posterior to the upper canines. Greatest length of skull is 346.9 mm.

Fig. 8 in Potamochoerus porcus (Artiodactyla: Suidae)

Fig. 8.—Potamochoerus porcus is gregarious and most often seen in groups of 7–10 individuals. Group composition is usually 1 adult male, several adult females, and recent offspring. Photograph by B. Huffman.

Fig. 7 in Potamochoerus porcus (Artiodactyla: Suidae)

Fig. 7.—Potamochoerus porcus tends to prefer damp forest habitat. Thick vegetation is used as cover, especially at midday (top). Foraging occurs in open and grassy clearings (bottom) primarily from dusk until dawn. Photographs by B. Huffman.

Figure 9 in Microstonyx (Suidae, Artiodactyla) from the Upper Miocene of Hayranlı-Haliminhanı, Turkey

Figure 9. Bivariate plots of the lower cheek teeth: length (DAP) versus width of the anterior (DTa) or posterior lobes (DTp). Provenance of data as in Figure 2.

Figure 7 in Microstonyx (Suidae, Artiodactyla) from the Upper Miocene of Hayranlı-Haliminhanı, Turkey

Figure 7. Bivariate plots of the M3 and M: length (DAP) versus 2 width of the anterior (DTa) or posterior lobes (DTp). Legend as in Figure 2.

Figure 1 in Microstonyx (Suidae, Artiodactyla) from the Upper Miocene of Hayranlı-Haliminhanı, Turkey

Figure 1. The position of the localities on a geographic and a geologic map and in a stratigraphic column of part of the İncesu Formation. Locality 2 is situated in the stratigraphic section, while locality 19 is correlated from a short distance into the column.

Figure 6 in Microstonyx (Suidae, Artiodactyla) from the Upper Miocene of Hayranlı-Haliminhanı, Turkey

Figure 6. Bivariate plots of the upper cheek teeth: length (DAP) versus width of the anterior (DTa) or posterior lobes (DTp). Legend for the lower and upper cheek teeth (Figures 2–4): Hippopotamodon sivalense from the Siwaliks (IM, GSP, NHI, UL, NMB, BSP, FISF); Hippopotamodon antiquus from Bayraktepe (MTA), Eppelsheim (HLD), Esme Akçaköy (PIMUZ), Kayincak (UA), Montrigaud (MLG), Middle Sinap (MTA, MNHN), St. Jeande-Bournai (NMB), Usak (MTA); Microstonyx major from Allisas (MGL), Baltavár (HGSB, NMW), Basaleti (GSM), Bayir (MTA), Bayramkalesi (UA), Çeltek Küyü (MTA), Chalon (UCBL), Çobanpınar (MTA, UA), Concud (NHM), Concud - Barranco de las Calaveras (IVAU), Concud - Cerro de la Garita (MNCN, IVAU, IPS, MPZ, Collection Pepe Orrios, Teruel), Çorak Yerler (UA, PIMUZ), Crevillente 2 (MHMN, MPV), Crevillente 15 (MHMN), Csákvár (HGSB), Cucuron or Vaugines (MRA), Das (MLGSB), Eldar (GSM), Evciköy (MTA), Garkin (MTA), Grebeniki (VMM), Gökdere (UA), Elmadağ (UA), Gülpınar (MTA), Igbek (= Sinap loc. 49; SP), Kayadibi (MTA, PIMUZ), Kohfiddisch (NMW), Küçük Yozgat (UA), Lapsehi-Subasi (MTA), Luzinay (MGL), Mahmutgazi (MTA), Montredon/Mont Léberon (UCBL, MGL), Paşabağı (UA), Piera (IPS, MLGSB, MGB), Polgárdi (HGSB, NMB), Puente Minero (CPO), Salihpaşalar (MTA), Salmendingen (NMB), Schernham (NMW), Sehlek (MTA), Sinap loc. 26 (SP), Sivas-Hayranlı (MTA), Sivas loc. 2 (UA), Sivas loc. 19 (UA), Siwaliks (IM, cast IGF), Stratzing (NMW, KME), Taraklia (PIN), Terrassa (IPS), Tersanne (UCBL), Titov Veles (IVAU), La Tour du Pin (MGL), Udabno (GSM), Várpalota (HGSB), Vaugines (MRA); Microstonyx erymanthius from Ano Metochi 4 (IVAU), Dorn Dürkheim (FISF), Kavakdere (= Sinap loc. 33; MTA, PIMUZ, SP), Kerasia (IVAU), Maragha (NMW, MTA, IVAU), Maragha - Kopran (NMW), Pikermi (NHM, IPUW MGL, MSNO, TMH, MGPUSB), Pikermi - Chomateri (NMW), Samos (NMW, HLD, NMB, NMBe), Soblay (UCBL, MGL).

Figure 10 in Microstonyx (Suidae, Artiodactyla) from the Upper Miocene of Hayranlı-Haliminhanı, Turkey

Figure 10. The increase in elongation of the I2 of Microstonyx as indicated by the index 100 DMD/DLL. A value from Concud is a minimum value because of breakage; this is indicated with an arrow. Legend: triangles = material assigned to M. major; squares = material assigned to M. erymanthius; rhombs = Sus. As a comparison, indices of samples of recent Sus verrucosus from Java (Indonesia; NNML) and of recent Sus scrofa from the Golan Heights (Syrian territory occupied by Israel; HUJ). The provenance of the remaining data is as in Figure 4. Correlations or ages of the localities based on paleomagnetism or radiometric dating are indicated by arrows; assignments to MN units are indicated by dotted lines. For Samos: MT = Marker Tuff; MMB = Main Bone Beds; OMB = Old Mill Beds. All localities are placed within the ranges of their possible age as indicated by their MN units or "absolute" age; in addition, they have been arranged according to ascending (upper figure) or descending index values (lower figure), with the only constraint that a locality with very low values cannot be below Kavakdere. There are 2 options for the MN11-12 boundary: 7.5 and 7.9 Ma. The upper figure favors the idea of an evolution with increasing index values, while the lower figure blurs this pattern.

T a b l e 4 in Changes In The Trophic Structure Of The Vertebrate Predator Community In The Cold Season In Belarussian Paazerje (Northern Belarus) With Emphasis On Depopulation Of The Wild Boar, Sus Scrofa (Artiodactyla, Suida)

T a b l e 4. Dietary overlaps (the Morisita's index) between vertebrate predators in the cold season in coniferous-small-leaved forests of Belarussian Paazerje, Northern Belarus, upper right corner — before a depopulation of the Wild Boar (1982–2011), bottom left corner — aft er a large-scale depopulation of the Wild Boar (2013–2019)

Fig. 2 in Changes In The Trophic Structure Of The Vertebrate Predator Community In The Cold Season In Belarussian Paazerje (Northern Belarus) With Emphasis On Depopulation Of The Wild Boar, Sus Scrofa (Artiodactyla, Suida)

Fig. 2. Th e Golden and White-tailed Eagles feed regularly on carrion and physical interference takes place quite often.

Fig. 1 in Changes In The Trophic Structure Of The Vertebrate Predator Community In The Cold Season In Belarussian Paazerje (Northern Belarus) With Emphasis On Depopulation Of The Wild Boar, Sus Scrofa (Artiodactyla, Suida)

Fig. 1. Dietary similarity of 17 vertebrate predators in the cold season in Belarussian Paazerje, 1972–2012.

Fig. 4 in Changes In The Trophic Structure Of The Vertebrate Predator Community In The Cold Season In Belarussian Paazerje (Northern Belarus) With Emphasis On Depopulation Of The Wild Boar, Sus Scrofa (Artiodactyla, Suida)

Fig. 4. Dietary similarity of 10 vertebrate predators in the cold season in Belarussian Paazerje, 2013–2019.

Fig. 5 in Suidae and Sanitheriidae from Wadi Moghra, early Miocene, Egypt

Fig. 5. Kubanochoerin suids from early Miocene of Wadi Moghra, Egypt. A–C. Nguruwe kijivium (Wilkinson, 1976). A. Right mandible with m2–3 (DPC 4385) in lingual (A1), occlusal (A2), and buccal (A3) views. B. Right m/3 (DPC 14564) in occlusal view. C. Left m3 (WM Dec 06−10) in occlusal view. D. Libycochoerus massai Arambourg, 1961 partial, right M3 (WM Dec 09) in occlusal view.

Fig. 4. Sanitheriid mammal Diamantohyus africanus Stromer, 1922 in Suidae and Sanitheriidae from Wadi Moghra, early Miocene, Egypt

Fig. 4. Sanitheriid mammal Diamantohyus africanus Stromer, 1922 from early Miocene of Wadi Moghra, Egypt (occlusal views of casts). A. Left mandible with p4–m3 (WM 06−49). B. Right M2 (WM 05−21). C. Right m3 (WM 05−48). D. Right m1(WM DEC06−11). E. Left m3 (WM 06−25). F. Left mandible with dp4–m2 (WM 06−14). G. Right mandible with m3 (WM 06−55).

Fig. 1. Sanitheriid mammal Diamantohyus africanus Stromer, 1922 in Suidae and Sanitheriidae from Wadi Moghra, early Miocene, Egypt

Fig. 1. Sanitheriid mammal Diamantohyus africanus Stromer, 1922 from early Miocene of Wadi Moghra, Egypt. A. Palate of a young adult (WM 05−50) in buccal (A1) and occlusal (A2) views (arrow points to the palatine foramen opposite front of M2). B. Left mandible (DPC 6618), m2–3 in buccal (B1), occlusal (B2), and lingual (B3) views. C. Juvenile left mandible (DPC 8997), m1–2, p4 erupting in lingual (C1) and occlusal (C2) views. D. Juvenile right mandible (DPC 6469) with part of dp3, complete dp4 and m1, m2 in crypt in occlusal view.

Fig. 7 in Suidae and Sanitheriidae from Wadi Moghra, early Miocene, Egypt

Fig. 7. Length versus breadth scatter plots of suid molars from early Miocene of Wadi Moghra (black diamond) compared with early and middle Miocene suids from other localities in Africa. Abbreviations: A, Libycochoerus anchidens (Van der Made, 1996); B, Megalochoerus marymuunguae (Van der Made, 1996); J, Libycochoerus jeanneli (Arambourg, 1933); K, Nguruwe kijivium (Wilkinson, 1976); M, Libycochoerus massai Arambourg, 1961; N, Nguruwe namibensis (Pickford, 1986); Q, Kenyasus namaquensis Pickford and Senut, 1997; R, Kenyasus rusingensis Pickford, 1986; Z, Megalochoerus khinzikebirus (Wilkinson, 1976).