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19 results for “Sunapee”
Lake Sunapee Instrumented Buoy: High-Frequency Weather Data, 2007-2022
The Lake Sunapee/Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network (GLEON) instrumented buoy, operated by the Lake Sunapee Protective Association (LSPA www.lakesunapee.org), is equipped with meteorologic (weather) sensors. The Lake Sunapee buoy is located near Loon Island Lighthouse (43.391°N, 72.058°W) during the summer months and in the Lake Sunapee Harbor (43.386°N, 72.081°W) (2010-current) from late fall to spring. During the first few years of data collection (2007-2010), the buoy was located near Loon Island year-round. The meteorological sensors include: a LI-COR LI-190R Quantum Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) sensor (May 2018 - present), an air temperature sensor (HMP50 Vaisala, 2010-present), and a wind speed/direction sensor (WXT511 Vaisala, 2009-present) sensor. These sensors are located approximately 1.7 meters above the water's surface. The buoy is also equipped with below-water surface sensors comprised of water temperature thermistors and dissolved oxygen sensors, and as of 2021, a YSI EXO multiparameter sonde. The data from the below water sensors are available in a separate dataset (EDI data package edi.499). All data in this data package have been QAQC'd to remove obviously errant readings, highly suspicious readings, and artifacts of buoy maintenance.
Lake Sunapee Instrumented Buoy: High Frequency Water Quality Data - 2007-2022
The Lake Sunapee (Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network—GLEON) instrumented buoy, operated by the Lake Sunapee Protective Association (LSPA www.lakesunapee.org), is equipped with a thermistor chain, one optical dissolved oxygen probe suspended at approximately 10 meters depth (installed in 2013), and a multi-parameter sonde (installed in 2021) at 1 meter depth. An optical dissolved oxygen (DO) probe was located at 1.5 meter prior to the 2021 deployment of the multi-parameter probe from the inception of the buoy and the deep DO sensor was at 10.5 meters depth prior to 2021 since deployment. The number of thermistors and below-surface depth of the thermistors has fluctuated throughout the years and the additional water quality sensors have changed over time. The Lake Sunapee buoy is located near Loon Island Lighthouse (43.391°N, 72.058°W) during the summer months and in the Lake Sunapee Harbor (43.386°N, 72.081°W) (2010-current). During the first few years of data collection (2007-2010), the buoy was located near Loon Island year-round. In two instances, HOBO units were deployed at the buoy's location when sensors failed. This occurred in 2015 (in place of the thermistors) and in 2018 (in place of the shallow DO sensor). All data in this data package have been QAQC'd to remove obviously errant readings, highly suspicious readings, and artifacts of buoy maintenance. Additionally, flags have been added per sensor, to indicate calibration and non-calibration of the optical DO probe, location of the buoy, and to document other potential confounding observations. Dissolved oxygen data and data from the multi-parameter probe are “raw”: they are have not been corrected for calibration issues, drift, or fouling. Additional documentation and data are provided including manual DO measurements, visual comparisons of buoy-recorded DO and manual DO measurements, and an overview of how and where DO offsets applied in the data logger program were removed.
Filtered chlorophyll a time series for Beaverdam Reservoir, Carvins Cove Reservoir, Claytor Lake, Falling Creek Reservoir, Gatewood Reservoir, Smith Mountain Lake, Spring Hollow Reservoir in southwestern Virginia, and Lake Sunapee in Sunapee, New Hampshire, USA during 2014-2025
Water column chlorophyll a was analyzed from 2014 to 2025 in seven freshwater reservoirs in southwestern Virginia (VA), USA, and one freshwater lake in central New Hampshire (NH), USA. These waterbodies are: Beaverdam Reservoir (Vinton, VA), Carvins Cove Reservoir (Roanoke, VA), Claytor Lake (Pulaski, VA), Falling Creek Reservoir (Vinton, VA), Gatewood Reservoir (Pulaski, VA), Smith Mountain Lake (Bedford, VA), Spring Hollow Reservoir (Salem, VA), and Lake Sunapee (Sunapee, NH). Beaverdam, Carvins Cove, Falling Creek, and Spring Hollow Reservoirs are owned and operated by the Western Virginia Water Authority as primary or secondary drinking water sources for Roanoke, Virginia; Gatewood Reservoir is a drinking water source for the Town of Pulaski, Virginia; and Smith Mountain Lake is jointly treated by the Bedford Regional Water Authority and the Western Virginia Water Authority as a drinking water source for Franklin County, Virginia. Claytor Lake is managed for hydroelectric power generation by the Appalachian Power Company. Lake Sunapee is a glacially-formed lake known for its oligotrophic water quality. The dataset consists of depth profiles of chlorophyll a samples generally measured at the deepest site of each reservoir adjacent to the dam or at the buoy site of Lake Sunapee. The water column samples were collected approximately fortnightly from March-April and weekly from May-October from 2014 - present at Falling Creek Reservoir and Beaverdam Reservoir, approximately fortnightly from May-August in most years at Carvins Cove Reservoir, approximately fortnightly from May-August in Gatewood and Spring Hollow Reservoirs from 2014-2016, approximately fortnightly from May-August of 2014 in Smith Mountain Lake, sporadically from May-August of 2014 in Claytor Lake, and sporadically from June-August of 2021-2022 and 2024-2025 in Lake Sunapee. From 2018-2025, samples were collected primarily at a single depth in each reservoir, with sample collection at two depths in F
Weather station data from three locations at Lake Sunapee (NH, USA), July 2019 – December 2023
Davis weather stations, owned and operated by the Lake Sunapee Protective Association (LSPA), were installed at three locations near the shoreline of Lake Sunapee (NH, USA) in July 2019. These stations collect data at 30-minute intervals for a number of weather and meteorological variables continuously throughout the year. In addition to the measured variables, a number of derived variables are also recorded at the same time intervals. Data are manually downloaded from Davis’s WeatherLink website every quarter, then collated and QAQC’d to remove any obvious outliers or recording errors in the R programming language.
High-frequency winter water temperature and dissolved oxygen at Lake Sunapee, New Hampshire, USA, 2014-2023
The Lake Sunapee Protective Association (LSPA) has been monitoring water quality in Lake Sunapee, New Hampshire, USA, since the 1980s. Beginning in the winter of 2014-2015, the LSPA deployed a string of HOBO temperature sensors at a location near Loon Island (43.391N, 72.058W, where their instrumented buoy is located during the summer months) for under-ice water temperature profile monitoring. A HOBO U26 dissolved oxygen sensor was added to this monitoring string during the winter of 2017-2018 through the winter of 2019-2020. All sensors record data in 15-minute intervals over the winter and are downloaded after ice-off. All data have been QAQC'd to remove obviously errant readings and artifacts of maintenance and flag highly suspicious readings.
Underwater temperature, light, and dissolved oxygen data from 3 mini-buoys in Lake Sunapee, NH, USA from June to October 2018
Three mini-buoys were deployed during a portion of the ice-off period of 2018 in Lake Sunapee, NH, USA with HOBO temperature sensors at various depths below the water’s surface. Temperature data were collected using HOBO pendant temperature and HOBO pendant temperature/light sensors at descending depths between 0.1m and the nearest whole and/or half meter increments below the water surface and above the sediment/water interface at 10 minute intervals. Two buoys (Georges Mills and Herrick Cove) also had miniDOT (PME) dissolved oxygen and temperature sensors placed 1.75 meters below the surface. The buoys were located in cove areas of the lake in the north east arm of the lake (Herrick Cove, 0.1m – 6.5m), the west side of the southern area of the lake near Lake Sunapee State Beach (State Beach, 0.1m – 2.5m) and the northwest arm of the lake (George’s Mills, 0.1m -7m). This data has been QAQC’d to remove obviously errant data and artifacts of buoy maintenance visits.
High resolution stream temperature, pressure, and estimated depth from transducers in streams in the Lake Sunapee watershed, New Hampshire, USA 2010-2018
Seven in-stream HOBO pressure transducers and one reference HOBO pressure transducer have been deployed within the Lake Sunapee, NH, USA watershed. Six of the transducers have been in operation since 2010 and an additional transducer was added in 2016. The transducers record data every 15 minutes, and data are downloaded approximately three times per year (early Spring, mid Summer and late Fall). Shortly after download, the data are processed to estimate stream depth using HOBOware's Barometric Compensation Assistant and converted to a .csv file in HOBOware. The data have been QAQC'd to recode obviously errant data to NA using R programming language. No data transformation has occurred beyond basic QAQC of the data to remove known data issues and obviously errant data. The barometric pressure data from the reference transducer located on land are also included in this data package.
Gloeotrichia echinulata density at four nearshore sites in Lake Sunapee, NH, USA from 2005-2016
Surface densities of Gloeotrichia echinulata, a filamentous colonial cyanobacterium, were collected at four nearshore sites in Lake Sunapee, NH, USA from 2005-2016. Lake Sunapee is a large (1667 hectare surface area), oligotrophic, north temperate lake used for drinking water and recreation with a primarily forested watershed and a moderately-developed shoreline. Samples were collected approximately weekly at Herrick Cove South and Newbury mid-July to September in 2005 and at Herrick Cove South late June to mid-September in 2006. Data collection at Herrick Cove South, Newbury, South of the Fells, and Sunapee Harbor occurred from mid-June to mid-September in 2007-2008 and from May to October in 2009-2016.
Lake Sunapee Gloeotrichia echinulata density near-term hindcasts from 2015-2016 and meteorological model driver data, including shortwave radiation and precipitation from 2009-2016
Hindcasts were generated for density of Gloeotrichia echinulata, a toxin-producing cyanobacterium, at a nearshore site (South Herrick Cove) in Lake Sunapee, NH, USA, from May-October in 2015 and 2016 using several different Bayesian state-space models as part of a Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network working group project (Lofton et al. 20XX). Hindcasts were produced for one-week to four-week forecast horizons. Models ranged in complexity from a random walk to dynamic linear models with up to two environmental covariates. A subset of the model meteorological driver data for calibration and hindcasting was downloaded from the North American Land Data Assimilation System (NLDAS-2; https://ldas.gsfc.nasa.gov/nldas/) and the Parameter-elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM; http://www.prism.oregonstate.edu/) for Lake Sunapee, New Hampshire, USA. The model driver data derived from NLDAS-2 data are daily summaries of solar radiation on G. echinulata sampling days from 2009-2016. The model driver data derived from PRISM data are daily sums of precipitation on G. echinulata sampling days from 2009-2016. All other model driver data are also published on the Environmental Data Initiative repository and are specified in the Notes and Comments of this data publication. All code to import data, calibrate models, and generate and analyze hindcasts are available on Github at https://github.com/GLEON/Bayes_forecast_WG/tree/eco_apps_release.
Lake ecosystem metabolism estimates from 3 locations in Lake Sunapee, NH, USA during the summer stratified period from June to September 2018
Surface water lake ecosystem metabolism daily estimates during the 2018 summer stratified period (04 June - 22 Sept) at three locations within Lake Sunapee (NH, USA). Estimates at each site used previously published data from high-frequency temperature and dissolved oxygen sensors deployed in the lake: the Deep Site (LSPA et al., 2021a: full citation in Methods) and the Herrick Cove and Georges Mills sites (Ward et al., 2021: full citation in methods). The Deep Site was located near Loon Island in the main basin of the lake with 12 m total depth and the dissolved oxygen sensor was deployed 1 m below surface. The Herrick Cove site was in the north east cove of the lake with 6.5 m total depth at site and the dissolved oxygen sensor was deployed 1.75 m below surface. The Georges Mills site was in the northwest cove of the lake with 7 m total depth at site and the dissolved oxygen sensor deployed 1.75 m below surface. We used an inverse modeling approach, where the lake ecosystem model predicted diel changes in dissolved oxygen to estimate daily volumetric rates of gross primary production (GPP), respiration (R), and net ecosystem metabolism (NEM) using the in-lake buoy measurements at each site and wind and surface PAR from the meteorological station at the Deep Site buoy (LSPA et al., 2021b). Raw metabolism estimates were QA/QC'd to generate this final metabolism estimate dataset following protocols described in the Methods section of this dataset.
Ice-off dates for Lake Sunapee, NH, USA, 1869-2022
This dataset reports observed ice-ff dates for Lake Sunapee, NH, USA from 1869 thorugh 2022. The data were maintained by the Town of Sunapee until 2021 and now the data are maintained by the Lake Sunapee Protective Association (LSPA).
Bathymetric data for Lake Sunapee, NH, USA
This dataset includes four raster layers of bathymetry data for the basin of Lake Sunapee, NH, USA. They are in ESRI grid format, UTM NAD83 (zone 19) with 1.3m grid cells. They were created in 2008 by Digital Bathymetrics (www.bathymetrics.com) for June Fichter of the Lake Sunapee Protective Association (LSPA) and Kathleen Weathers of the Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies. All depths were adjusted to the mean summer pool elevation of Lake Sunapee which is 1093 feet above sea level.
High Frequency Meteorological, Drift-Corrected Dissolved Oxygen, and Thermistor Temperature Data - Lake Sunapee Buoy, NH, USA, 2007 – 2013
The Lake Sunapee Protective Association (Sunapee, New Hampshire, USA) has been operating an instrumented buoy on Lake Sunapee (maximum depth 33.7 meters) beginning on 27 August 2007. The environmental sensors on the buoy from 2007 - 2013 provided information on weather conditions, lake thermal structure, and oxygen dynamics, and their data can be used to calculate physical and biological variables such as buoyancy frequency, thermocline depth, thermal stability, and lake metabolism. The sensors were programmed to collect environmental data every 10 minutes. The buoy collected meteorological data 1.7 meters above the lake surface, including wind speed and direction (Vaisala WXT52 anemometer), air temperature and humidity (Vaisala HMP50), and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR Li-Cor). The water temperature sensors (TempLine thermistors from Apprise Technology in 2007-2010; NexSens T-node sensors 2010-2013) were situated at 0.5-2 meter intervals from 0-14 meters deep with the bottom sensor approximately 1 meter from the sediments. The dissolved oxygen (Zebra-Tech d-opto) sensor was deployed at approximately 1 meter below the surface and recorded oxygen concentration (mg/L), oxygen saturation (%), and temperature at the sensor (oxygen saturation is not included in this dataset). The buoy was anchored at approximately 15 meter deep water near the Loon Island lighthouse in the northern half of the lake, near the deepest part of the lake (43.390 N, -72.057 W). During the winter of 2007 - 2008, the buoy froze into the ice and continually recorded data with the uppermost thermistor below the bottom of the ice. In winter of 2008 - 2009, the buoy was damaged by ice and data were not collected until re-deployment on 29 July 2009. In subsequent years, the buoy was deployed from April or May to October or November at the Loon Island location and limited data were obtained during the winter months at the Sunapee Harbor (43.386 N, -72.081 W). In 2013, the buoy was taken offl
Lake Sunapee Parameter Set and Driver Files for the General Lake Model Aquatic EcoDynamics (GLM AED)
Base driver data and parameter sets required for the General Lake Model - Aquatic EcoDynamics (GLM-AED) model simulation of Lake Sunapee, NH, USA. Additional files needed to run the simulation are the downscaled hourly meteorological data (North American Land Data Assimilation System NLDAS-2, website: disc.gsfc.nasa.gov), observed water temperature profiles and dissolved oxygen at the deep site in the lake (edi.463.1; doi.org/10.6073/pasta/846a36bf6fd704e508511e5f8a2ab3b5), and stream water temperature (edi.466.1; doi.org/10.6073/pasta/12a18d9d178b17d2ac333930f3efca9f).
High-frequency temperature data from four near-shore sites, Lake Sunapee, NH, USA, 2006-2018
Onset temperature loggers were located at four near-shore sites in Lake Sunapee, New Hampshire, USA. The temperature sensors were co-located at sites where monitoring for Gloeotrichia echinulata, a large colonial cyanobacterium, occurred (see EDI data package edi.497). Temperature loggers were deployed during the summer months (approximately June through September) in 2006-2018 at Herrick Cove South (site = HerrickCoveSouth), 2007-2018 South of the Fells (site = SouthOfTheFells), Newbury (site = Newbury), North Sunapee Harbor (site = NorthSunapeeHarbor).
Ecosystem metabolism estimates from Lake Sunapee, NH, USA and meteorological driver data at the Newport, NH, USA NOAA NCDC weather station from August 2007 – December 2008
In August 2007, the Lake Sunapee Protective Association (LSPA) deployed a buoy in Lake Sunapee, NH with a meteorological station, dissolved oxygen sensor at 1 m, and a string of thermistor water temperature sensors collecting data every 10 minutes. For this dataset, the Lake Sunapee buoy was located at a location near Loon Island all year (August 2007–December 2008) including during the winter. We used high-frequency dissolved oxygen, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), wind speed, and water temperature profile data to estimate daily rates of gross primary production, respiration, and net ecosystem production as metrics of ecosystem metabolism and carbon cycling. This dataset included under-ice data, and we compared seasonal changes in ecosystem metabolism rates for an entire lake year from the start of fall mixing in 2007 through the end of summer stratification in 2008. Under-ice and mixing periods are infrequently sampled due to logistical challenges and assumptions of low biological activity, resulting in limited understanding of the contribution of winter epilimnetic metabolism to annual carbon cycling. Using a continuous year of high-frequency dissolved oxygen data, we found that on average, under-ice net ecosystem production (NEP) was negative, in contrast to positive NEP for the spring and summer periods. Importantly, under-ice respiration was 1.2 times higher than summer respiration. Gross primary production was low but not absent under ice and increased during the last under-ice phase. Including winter metabolism estimates flipped annual NEP from autotrophy to heterotrophy, highlighting the importance of estimating metabolism year-round. Our methods for the data analysis are described in Brentrup et al. (accepted at Inland Waters) and were similar to Richardson et al. (2016) with some modifications described in the methods. This dataset also includes derived thermocline depth calculations from the water temperature thermistor data on the Lake Sunape
Surface pelagic total nitrogen concentrations in Lake Sunapee, USA 2009 to 2012
Total nitrogen concentrations were sampled from 2009 to 2012 in Lake Sunapee (Sunapee, NH, USA). The dataset consists of total nitrogen with two to three lab replicates measured at two pelagic sites in Lake Sunapee: 1) Station 210 (S210) of the New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services Volunteer Lake Assessment Program, and 2) the LSPA-GLEON buoy (Buoy) in the main basin of the lake. The samples were collected at the surface, five to six times per year, ranging from June to September each year. The mean total nitrogen concentration with its standard deviation from lab replicates is presented.
Ensembled projection outputs of Lake Sunapee using multiple General Circulation models and Lake models
<p>This dataset contains the ensemble projection output of Lake Sunapee, NH. The conception and methods of the dataset is explained in the manuscript "Uncertainty in projections of future lake thermal dynamics is differentially driven by global climate models and lake models."</p>
NH Department of Environmental Studies (NHDES): Watershed Management Bureau Volunteer Lakes Assessment Program Lake Sunapee, 1986-2012
Data on Lake Sunapee were compiled by Kathleen Weathers’ Lab, Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies. Data were collected by Lake Sunapee Protective Association (LSPA) and analyzed by NH Department of Environmental Services (NHDES). LSPA has been concerned with water quality since its founding in 1898, when the issues were sawdust and trash in the lake and the level of the lake water. In the 1950’s LSPA collected water samples and tested for E.coli in order to have Lake Sunapee meet the standards to be named a class A (drinking water quality) lake in New Hampshire. Starting in the 1980’s, LSPA volunteer water quality monitors have been regularly sampling Lake Sunapee’s water in cove and deep sites in Lake Sunapee, and more recently in its tributary streams. The samples are analyzed in LSPA’s Water Quality Laboratory at Colby-Sawyer College; NH Department of Environmental Services provides an annual water quality report based on its analysis of the data as part of the VLAP (Volunteer Lake Assessment) Program. The LSPA lab at Colby-Sawyer College, run by Bonnie Lewis under strict quality standards as a sister lab to the state lab at NH Department of Environmental Services, also processes water samples for about twenty five area lakes.
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