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96 results for “Surface winds”
HomogWS-se: A century-long homogenized dataset of near-surface wind speed observations since 1925 rescued in Sweden
<p>Creating a century-long homogenized near-surface wind speed (WS) observation dataset is essential to improve our knowledge about the uncertainty and causes of WS stilling and recovery. We rescued paper-based WS records dating back to the 1920s at 13 stations in Sweden and established a four-step homogenization procedure to generate the first 10-member centennial homogenized WS dataset (HomogWS-se) for community uses among climatology, ecology, hydrology and energy industry. HomogWS-se can be used to study the WS variability and change, assess climate reanalysis, and constrain climate simulations for better future projection of changes in the WS and wind energy potential. HomogWS-se contains 13 individual text files with 10-member century-long homogenized monthly WS series, as well as the member-mean series.</p>
Evaluation of a wind tunnel designed to investigate the response of evaporation to changes in the incoming longwave radiation at a water surface
<p>Experimental Record of a Longwave-Evaporation experiment. The record to be referenced in a forthcoming scientific paper.</p>
Potential vorticity and wind from ERA5 at several isentropic surfaces
<p>This datasets collects winds (u and v components) and potential vorticity from ERA5 at four isentropic surfaces: 475, 600, 700 and 800 K. Data are available daily and monthly. Potential vorticity and modified potential vorticity are stored. </p>
Data used in 'Local Wind Regime Induced by Giant Linear Dunes: Comparison of ERA5-Land Reanalysis with Surface Measurements.'
<p>This repository contains the data used in:</p> <blockquote> <p>Gadal, C., Delorme, P., Narteau, C. et al. Local Wind Regime Induced by Giant Linear Dunes: Comparison of ERA5-Land Reanalysis with Surface Measurements. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 185, 309–332 (2022). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-022-00733-6">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-022-00733-6</a></p> </blockquote> <p>where wind data measured at 4 different places in and across the Namib Sand Sea are compared to the data from the ERA5/ERA5Land climate reanalyses.</p> <p>The use this data, one should first look at the GitHub repository <a href="https://github.com/Cgadal/GiantDunes">https://github.com/Cgadal/GiantDunes</a> and at the corresponding documentation <a href="https://cgadal.github.io/GiantDunes/">https://cgadal.github.io/GiantDunes/</a>. The description sometimes refers to scripts used in <a href="https://github.com/Cgadal/GiantDunes/tree/master/Processing">https://github.com/Cgadal/GiantDunes/tree/master/Processing</a>.</p> <p>The two folders 'raw_data' and 'processed_data' contain the input raw_data, and the output data after processing used to make the paper figures, respectively. In each of them, '.npy' files contain Python dictionaries with different variables in them. They can be loaded using the Python library <code>numpy</code> as <code>data = np.load('file.npy', allow_pickle=True).item()</code>; and the different keys (variables) can be printed with <code>data.keys()</code> or <code>data[station].keys()</code> if <code>data.keys()</code> return the different stations. Unless specified otherwise below, note that all variables are given in the International System of Units (SI), and wind direction is given anticlockwise, with the 0 being a wind blowing from the West to the East.</p> <ul> <li>raw_data: <ul> <li>DEM: contains the Digital Elevation Models of the two stations from the SRTM30, downloaded from here: https://dwtkns.com/srtm30m/</li> <li>ERA5: hourly data from the ER5 climate reanalysis, on surface (_BLH) and pressure levels (_levels). Downloaded from https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu/</li> <li>ERA5Land: hourly data from the ER5Land climate reanalysis Downloaded from https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu/</li> <li>KML_points: kml points of the measurement station. It can be opened directly in GoogleEarth.</li> <li>measured_wind_data: contains the measured in situ data. The windspeed is measured using Vector Instruments A100-LK cup anemometers, the wind direction using Vector Instruments W200-P wind vane and the time using Campbell Instruments CR10X and CR1000X dataloggers.<br> </li> </ul> </li> <li>processed_data: <ul> <li>'Data_preprocessed.npy': preprocessed_data, output of 1_data_preprocessing_plot.py</li> <li>'Data_DEM.npy': properties of the processed DEM, the output of 2_DEM_analysis_plot.py</li> <li>'Data_calib_roughness.npy': data from the calibration of the hydrodynamic roughnesses, the output of 3_roughness_calibration_plot.py</li> <li>'Data_final.npy': file containing all computed quantities</li> <li>'time_series_hydro_coeffs.npy': file containing the time series of the calculated hydrodynamic coefficients by '5_norun_hydro_coeff_time_series.npy'.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p> Depending on the loaded data file, main dictionary keys can be:</p> <ul> <li>'lat': latitude, in degree</li> <li>'lon': longitude, in degree</li> <li>'time': time vector, in datetime objects (https://docs.python.org/3/library/datetime.html)</li> <li>'DEM': elevation data array in [m], with dimensions matching 'lat' and 'lon' vectors</li> <li>'z_mes', 'z_insitu', 'z_ERA5LAND': height of the corresponding velocity</li> <li>'direction': measured wind direction, in [degrees]</li> <li>'velocity': measured wind velocity, in [m/s]</li> <li>'orientaion': dune pattern orientation, [deg]</li> <li>'wavelength': dune pattern wavelength, [km]</li> <li>'z0_insitu': chosen hydrodynamic roughness for the considered station.</li> <li>'U_insitu', 'Orientation_insitu': hourly averaged measured wind velocities and direction</li> <li>'U_era', 'Orientation_era': hourly 10m wind data from the ERA5Land data set</li> <li>'Boundary layer height', 'blh': boundary layer height from the hourly ERA5 dataset</li> <li>'Pressure levels', 'levels': Pressure levels from the pressure levels ERA5 dataset</li> <li>'Temperature', 't': Temperature from the pressure levels ERA5 dataset</li> <li>'Specific humidity', 'q': Specific humidity from the pressure levels ERA5 dataset</li> <li>'Geopotential', 'z': Geopotential from the pressure levels ERA5 dataset</li> <li>'Virtual_potential_temperature': Virtual potential temperature calculated from the pressure levels ERA5 dataset</li> <li>'Potential_temperature': Potential temperature calculated from the pressure levels ERA5 dataset</li> <li>'Density': Density calculated from the pressure levels ERA5 dataset</li> <li>'height': Vertical coordinates calculated from the pressure levels ERA5 dataset</li> <li>'theta_ground': Averaged virtual potential temperature within the ABL.</li> <li>'delta_theta': Virtual potential temperature at the ABL.</li> <li>'gradient_free_atm': Virtual potential temperature gradient in the FA.</li> <li>'Froude': time series of the Froude number U/((delta_theta/theta_ground)*g*BLH)</li> <li>'kH': time series of the number 'kH'</li> <li>'kLB': time series of the internal Froude number kU/N</li> </ul> <p>Other keys are not relevant and are stored for verification purposes. For more details, please contact Cyril Gadal (see authors), and look at the following GitHub repository: <a href="https://github.com/Cgadal/GiantDunes">https://github.com/Cgadal/GiantDunes</a>, where all the codes are present.<br> </p>
3D wind speed and CO2/H20 concentration measurements collected during austral summer 2017/2018 over an ice free surface of a shallow lake located in the Schirmacher oasis, East Antarctica.
<p>The data set includes measurements collected by the integrated CO2 and H2O open-path gas analyzer and 3-D sonic anemometer (Irgason by Campbell Scientific with serial number 1243, https://www.campbellsci.com/irgason). The instrument was operated from 01.01.2018 to 07.02.2018. It was deployed on the north-west shore of the Lake Zub/Priyadarshini (S70° 45′ 41.5″, E011° 44′ 16.6″) on the distance of 10 m from the coast. The instrument was placed on the aluminum tripod on the height of 2 m, and directed to south-eastwards (137 SE). Six metal guidelines were linked to anchors, and the boom was fixed on the tripod. Two rechargeable batteries (12V/33Ah) were used in additional to two solar panels to power supply of the instrument (irgason_deployment.jpg). The format of the output files is given in Irgason_output.pdf. The raw data are packed into the *.dat files (one per day) and then compressed (bz2). The calibration of the Irgason was done 21.08.2017 in the lab of the Finnish Meteorological Institute with standard zero-and-span procedure, and then the instrument is adjusted accordingly.</p>
Intermittency in wind-driven surface alteration on Mars interpreted from wind streaks and measurements by InSight
<p>Shapefiles associated with the GRL publication: Intermittency in wind-driven surface alteration on Mars interpreted from wind streaks and measurements by InSight</p>
High-resolution surface wind observations over complex terrain: Big Southern Butte, Salmon River Canyon, Birch Creek
<p>This dataset contains high-resolution wind observations from three field campaigns that took place during 2010-2014 at Big Southern Butte, Salmon River Canyon, and Birch Creek, Idaho. There are three SQLite databases containing 30-s averaged 3-m wind speed, wind direction, and wind gust data from 30-90 cup-and-vane anemometers over a period of 2-4 months at each field site.</p>
VisMetHack2022: Visualizing winds and surface variables from the ECMWF IFS 1-km nature run
<p><strong>Overview</strong></p> <p>This data collection was contributed to the <a href="https://events.ecmwf.int/event/305/">Visualisation Hackathon 2022</a> (#VisMetHack2022), in conjunction with the Using <a href="https://events.ecmwf.int/event/296/">ECMWF's Forecasts (UEF2022</a>) workshop.</p> <p>The European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) and the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) are pleased to announce access to the data collection from global 1-km nature run (NR) simulations using the Integrated Forecast System (IFS) with explicit convection. We invite you to join us in exploring this precursor to a digital twin of the earth!</p> <p>The NR simulations reveal unprecedented detail of the earth’s atmosphere [1], and the then outgoing Editor-in-Chief of AGU JAMES commended the project as one of “stunning ambitions,” enabled by computational capacity at scale [2]. The project also won the <em>2020 HPCwire Readers Choice Award </em>for Best Use of HPC in Physical Sciences. </p> <p>A set of two NR seasonal simulations have been completed, one corresponding to the northern hemispheric winter months (NDJF) and the other for the North Atlantic tropical cyclone season (ASO). The project used the Summit supercomputer at the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility (OLCF). The simulations were facilitated with an INCITE award from the US Department of Energy Office of Science. </p> <p>For the first seasonal run of four months (NDJF), the hydrostatic IFS model was initialized at 00Z on 1 November 2018. The NR for the TC season (AS) was initialized at 00Z on 1 August 2019. The NR simulations were constrained only by sea surface temperatures (SST) at the lower boundary. The IFS output was saved every 3 hours.</p> <p>After feedback and interest from the scientific community, the simulations were rerun for four specific extreme events, with output every 15 minutes. The special cases include a tropical cycle and three severe storm events over the continental USA.</p> <p><strong>NR Data for visualizing winds</strong></p> <p>A small subset from the 1-km IFS NR collection is make available for #VisMetHack22. This subset is extracted from the tropical cyclone area in the North Atlantic from the ASO simulations. The 912 model time steps correspond to 97935 to 111600 in minutes since the NR reference time 2019-08-01 00:00:00. The time increment is 15 minutes, corresponding to the output frequency.</p> <p>The following variables are provided for #VisMetHack2022:<br> </p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <p>Short Name</p> </td> <td> <p>Parameter ID</p> </td> <td> <p>Units</p> </td> <td> <p>Long Name</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>10u</p> </td> <td> <p>165</p> </td> <td> <p>m/s</p> </td> <td> <p>10 metre U wind component</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>10v</p> </td> <td> <p>166</p> </td> <td> <p>m/s</p> </td> <td> <p>10 metre V wind component</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>2t</p> </td> <td> <p>167</p> </td> <td> <p>K</p> </td> <td> <p>2 metre temperature</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>i10fg</p> </td> <td> <p>228029</p> </td> <td> <p>m/s</p> </td> <td> <p>Instantaneous 10 metre wind gust</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>msl</p> </td> <td> <p>151</p> </td> <td> <p>Pa</p> </td> <td> <p>Mean sea level pressure</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>xtprate</p> </td> <td> <p>99999</p> </td> <td> <p>kg m**-2 s**-1</p> </td> <td> <p>Total instantaneous precipitation rate. Summation of convective and large scale rain and snowfall rates. </p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p> <p><strong>Data processing</strong></p> <ol> <li> <p>The native model output was in the form of data objects consisting of GRIB1/2 16-bit AEC compressed messages. The messages were extracted from the FDB database instances into one or more files.</p> </li> <li> <p>The files containing the GRIB messages were interpolated to 0.02 x 0.02 a regular latitude-longitude grid using ECMWF Meteorological Interpolation and Regridding (MIR), and then written out to files as GRIB messages.</p> </li> <li> <p>The MIR output files were extracted to the area of interest (AOI) from global fields, and converted to Netcdf-4 (NC).</p> </li> <li> <p>The metadata in NC4 files were selectively edited or added.</p> </li> <li> <p>Finally, the NC4 files were compressed to reduce volume using the ncks utility from Netcdf Operators (NCO), with lossless L1 compression.</p> </li> <li> <p>The variable ‘xtprate’ was calculated by a summation of instantaneous and large scape rainfall and snowfall rates.</p> </li> </ol> <p><strong>Contact</strong></p> <p>Valentine Anantharaj <<a href="mailto:vga@ornl.gov">vga@ornl.gov</a>> or <vga1.ornl@gmail.com> </p> <p>Samuel Hatfield <<a href="mailto:Samuel.Hatfield@ecmwf.int">Samuel.Hatfield@ecmwf.int</a>></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Citation and references</strong></p> <p>Please cite the following manuscript as well as the DOI provided by Zenodo:</p> <p>[1] Wedi, N. P., Polichtchouk, I., Dueben, P., Anantharaj, V. G., Bauer, P., Boussetta, S., et al. (2020). A baseline for global weather and climate simulations at 1 km resolution. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 12, e2020MS002192. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2020MS002192">https://doi.org/10.1029/2020MS002192</a></p> <p>[2] Anantharaj, V., Hatfield, S. and Vukovic, Milana (2022). VisMetHack2022: Visualizing winds and surface variables from the ECMWF IFS 1-km nature run. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6633929</p> <p><strong>Acknowledgements</strong></p> <p>This research used resources of the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility, which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility supported under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725.</p> <p>ECMWF also benefited from collaborations funded via ESCAPE-2 (No. 800897), MAESTRO (No. 801101), EuroEXA (No. 754337), and ESiWACE-2 (No. 823988) projects funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 future and emerging technologies and the research and innovation programmes. </p>
CESM2 data for "Internal Wind Driven Ocean Circulation Variability Delays the Time of Emergence of Externally Forced Sea Surface Temperature Trends" - submitted to GRL
<p>CESM2 Experiment names:</p> <ul> <li>MDM = mechanically decoupled model (referred to as MDM in paper)</li> <li>FCM = fully coupled model (referred to as FCM in paper)</li> </ul> <p>Details for files cesm2.[experiment name].SST.noise.nc</p> <ul> <li>These files include the unfiltered time-varying SST noise </li> <li>"noise" refers to ensemble standard deviation (no 10-yr running mean has been applied) </li> <li>"SST" is the annual mean SST</li> <li>Time period is 1900-2014</li> </ul> <p>For the ensemble mean SST, see previously created Zenodo repository by Fu et al: https://zenodo.org/records/10484207</p> <p>For other ensemble mean variables, see previously created Zenodo repository by McMonigal et al: https://zenodo.org/records/7154374</p>
Aerodynamic Roughness Controlled by Wind Direction, with Implications for Glacial Surface Energy Balance and Melt Rate
<p>This repository includes raw datasets, Python scripts, and output data products associated with the MRes project '<span>Aerodynamic Roughness Controlled by Wind Direction, with Implications for Glacial Surface Energy Balance and Melt Rate</span>', by Josh Abrahams, University of Leeds. </p>
High resolution Sea Surface Wind retrieval over coastal Protected Areas by means of Sentinel-1 data
<p><br> The algorithm used, i.e. SARWIND LG-Mod ver. v4.01 (see reference below), is aimed at producing the Sea Surface Wind (SSW), i.e. Speed and Direction, from a single co-polarized (VV or HH) SAR image. We used EW (Extended Wide) and IW (Interferometric Wide) Swath Mode GRD (Ground Range, Multi-Look, Detected) HR (High Resolution) Sentinel-1 images, with pixel spacings of 40m x 40m and 10m x 10m (azimuth x range) respectively. Associated auxiliary products were obtained from ESA SNAP 5.0 release. SSW fields were provided for the two coastal Protected Areas (PAs) named Camargue and Wadden Sea.</p> <p>Each output folder of the SARWIND LG-Mod results contains useful plots and the estimated SSW field, provided in the file 'SAR_Sigma0_pp_decimationL2P2Tn_gradientOptSobel_LGMod_Results.txt' (pp = VV or HH; n = smoothing/decimation level), which is in the sub-folder 'LG-Mod_Theoretical_Results/Results_MEdegTHxx.xxx_Fisher (where xx.xxx is the final threshold applied). This txt file reports the following 19 columns:</p> <p><br> 1) LAT; 2) LON; 3) AZI; 4) RNG; [Location of the centre of the processed AOI]</p> <p>5) REF_U; 6) REF_V; 7) REF_W; 8) REF_D; [ECMWF reference wind, as U/V components and speed/direction]</p> <p>9) SAR_U; 10) SAR_V; 11) SAR_W; 12) SAR_D; [SARWIND LG-Mod wind estimates, as U/V components and speed/direction]</p> <p>Both REF_D and SAR_D are wind directions (expressed in degrees) with respect to the geographic North (0°=North, 90°=East, 180°=South, 270°=West), that the wind is blowing to.<br> Both REF_W and SAR_W are wind speeds (expressed in m/s).<br> Regarding REF_U/SAR_U and REF_V/SAR_V, note that a positive U component represents wind blowing to the East; a positive V component represents wind blowing to the North.</p> <p>13) SceneCentre_TrueHeading_FF; [Mean angle formed between the geographical South-North direction and the SAR azimuth direction (wrt the centre of the SAR Full-Frame image)]</p> <p>SceneCentre_TrueHeading_FF is a positive clockwise angle. In particular: SceneCentre_TrueHeading_FF is in ]180,360[ [deg].<br> Thus:<br> Descending Pass <-> SceneCentre_TrueHeading_FF is in ]180,270[ [deg]<br> Ascending Pass <-> SceneCentre_TrueHeading_FF is in ]270,360[ [deg]</p> <p>14) ROI_Npoints_UnUsablePointsMasked; [Number of samples used for each SARWIND LG-Mod wind estimation]</p> <p>15) MeanIncAng; 16) MeanNRCS; [Mean incident angle (expressed in degrees) and NRCS of the ROI]</p> <p>17) MeanResultantLength; 18) Alpha2_Est; [Fisher's formula parameters]</p> <p>19) MEdeg [Margin of Error, i.e. accuracy of each wind direction estimate, between 0° and 45°]</p> <p>The accuracy MEdeg is given by the semi-width of the confidence interval, with a confidence level (1-α) fixed, which is assigned to the wind direction estimate. Consequently, lower MEdeg values correspond to better estimates. And, if MEdeg == 45°, wind estimates must be discharged.</p> <p><br> Finally, note also that you can cut an entire row when [SAR_U SAR_V SAR_W SAR_D] == [NaN NaN NaN NaN] (typically, this happens for 'land pixels').</p> <p>% % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % %<br> % %<br> % REFERENCES: %<br> % %<br> % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % %<br> % %<br> % The algorithm SARWIND LG-Mod is based on the Ph.D thesis below: %<br> % %<br> % [1] Rana, Fabio Michele (2016) "Exploitation of Satellite %<br> % Synthetic Aperture Radar Data for Geophysical Parameters Retrieval over %<br> % Land and Ocean". Unpublished Ph.D thesis. Politecnico di Bari. %<br> % %<br> % Some applications of the method are described in the following papers: %<br> % %<br> % [2] Fabio M. Rana, Maria Adamo, Guido Pasquariello, Giacomo De Carolis, %<br> % and Sandra Morelli, "LG-Mod: A Modified Local Gradient (LG) Method to %<br> % Retrieve SAR Sea Surface Wind Directions in Marine Coastal Areas," %<br> % Journal of Sensors, vol. 2016, Article ID 9565208, 7 pages, 2016. %<br> % doi:10.1155/2016/9565208. %<br> % %<br> % [3] Rana, F. M., Adamo, M., & Blanda, P. (2018, July). %<br> % LG-Mod Multi-Scale Approach for Sar Sea Surface Wind Directions %<br> % Retrieval. In IGARSS 2018-2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote %<br> % Sensing Symposium (pp. 3216-3219). IEEE. %<br> % %<br> % [4] Rana, F. M., Adamo, M., Lucas, R., & Blonda, P. (2019). Sea surface %<br> % wind retrieval in coastal areas by means of Sentinel-1 and numerical %<br> % weather prediction model data. Remote Sensing of Environment, 225, %<br> % 379-391. %<br> % %<br> % Suggestions and comments are always welcome. %<br> % Thanks in advance, %<br> % Fabio Michele Rana %<br> % %<br> % MOB: (+39) 3804114171 %<br> % E-MAILS: fabiomichele.rana@gmail.com; fabiomichele.rana@iia.cnr.it %<br> % %<br> % SKYPE: fabiomichelerana %<br> % %<br> % SARWIND_LG-Mod_v4.01, 2014-2019 %<br> % Author: Fabio M. Rana %<br> % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % %<br> </p>
Diurnal waves forced by horizontal convergence of near-surface winds on Mars
<p>This site provides public access to data used in the following journal article: </p> <p>D. Hinson and J. Wilson (2023). Diurnal waves forced by horizontal convergence of near-surface winds on Mars, Icarus 394, 115420, doi: 10.1016/j.icarus.2022.115420 </p> <p><a href="https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/20230001896/downloads/20230001896-Hinson_2022_Diurnal_waves%5B1%5D.pdf">https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/20230001896/downloads/20230001896-Hinson_2022_Diurnal_waves%5B1%5D.pdf</a></p> <p> </p>
Multisensor Advanced Climatology (MAC) Daily Ocean-Only Surface Wind Speed
<p>Multisensor Advanced Climatology (MAC) of Over-Ocean Surface Wind produced using the MAC-LWP algorithm (Elsaesser et al., 2017, J. Climate), but with Remote Sensing Systems surface wind products swapped in for liquid water path products, and with the product being provided at daily resolution instead of at monthly resolution. Available for 1 deg grid boxes, from 1998 - 2016. Data in grid-boxes over land are set to missing. Uncertainty estimates also provided, following Elsaesser et al. 2017. </p> <p>Reference:</p> <p>Elsaesser, G.S., C.W. O'Dell, M.D. Lebsock, R. Bennartz, and T.J. Greenwald, 2017: The Multi-Sensor Advanced Climatology of Liquid Water Path (MAC-LWP). J. Climate, <strong>30</strong>, no. 24, 10193-10210, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0902.1.</p>
Maps of solar wind plasma precipitation onto Mercury's surface: a geographical perspective
<p>Data Archive to accompany: "Maps of solar wind plasma precipitation onto Mercury’s surface: a geographical perspective." Federico Lavorenti, Elizabeth A. Jensen, Sae Aizawa, Francesco Califano, Mario D’Amore, Deborah Domingue, Pierre Henri, Simon Lindsay, Jim M. Raines, and Daniel Wolf Savin. Submitted 2023 May to Planetary Science Journal.</p> <p>The files contained in this archive comprise the values shown in Figures 3 & 5.</p>
Data for: Ocean surface wave slopes and wind-wave alignment observed in Hurricane Idalia
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Simulation details for: Radar signatures and surface observations of elevated convection associated with damaging surface winds
<p>Identifying radar signatures indicative of damaging surface winds produced by convection remains a challenge for operational meteorologists, especially within environments characterized by strong low-level static stability and convection for which inflow is presumably entirely above the planetary boundary layer. Numerical model simulations suggest the most prevalent method through which elevated convection generates damaging surface winds is via "up-down" trajectories, where a near-surface stable layer is dynamically lifted and then dropped with little to no connection to momentum associated with the elevated convection itself. Recently, a number of unique convective episodes during which damaging surface winds were produced by apparently elevated convection coincident with mesoscale gravity waves were identified and cataloged for study. A novel radar signature indicative of damaging surface winds produced by elevated convection is introduced through six representative cases. One case is then explored further via a high-resolution model simulation and related to the conceptual model of "up-down" trajectories. Understanding the processes responsible for, and radar signature indicative of, damaging surface winds produced by gravity-wave coincident convection will help operational forecasters identify and ultimately warn for a previously underappreciated phenomenon that poses a threat to lives and property.</p>
Surface surface wind speed and its different grades over China during 1961-2020 based on a high-resolution observation dataset CN05.1
<p>The daily 10-m wind speed observation dataset CN05.1, which covers the period from 1961 to 2020, with horizontal resolution of 0.25° × 0.25° (latitude × longitude). This dataset was developed by Jia Wu from National Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration.</p> <p>References: Jia Wu, Xue-Jie Gao. A grided daily observation dataset over China region and comparison with the other datasets. <em>Chinese J. Geophys. </em>(in Chinese), 2013, 56(4): 1102-1111, doi: 10.6038/cjg20130406.</p>
Ocean surface wind estimation from waves based on small GPS buoy observations in a bay and the open ocean
<p>This is dataset of ocean surface wave and wind used in the paper "Ocean surface wind estimation from waves based on small GPS buoy observations in a bay and the open ocean" by Shimura et al. (2022, JGR-Oceans, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JC018786">https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JC018786</a> ).</p> <p>"data_bayObservation.nc" contains the observed wind, estimated wind, and observed wave spectral data during the bay observations.</p> <p>"data_openOceanObservation.nc" contains the reanalysis wind, estimated wind, and observed wave spectral data during the open ocean observations.</p> <p> </p>
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Solar Wind Implantation in the Permanently Shadowed Regions on the Lunar Surface
<p>Supporting data for "Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Solar Wind Implantation in the Permanently Shadowed Regions on the Lunar Surface"</p>
Numerical Simulations on Unconventional Surface Charging within Deep Cavities in the Solar Wind Plasma.
<p>Numerical simulation data presented in Nakazono and Miyake (2022): Unconventional Surface Charging within Deep Cavities in the Solar Wind Plasma. The format of the dataset is described in the PDF document (2022JA_supporting_information.pdf).</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.