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10 results for “Synallaxis”
Figure 6 in Taxonomic challenges posed by discordant evolutionary scenarios supported by molecular and morphological data in the Amazonian Synallaxis rutilans group (Aves: Furnariidae)
Figure 6. Specimens of the Synallaxis omissa showing the absence of correlation between plumage variation and geography, from left to right, lateral and ventral views: MPEG 38616, collected at Alto Turiaçu, Maranhão, Brazil, on 2 October 1986, with rufous present on the breast, abdomen and back; MPEG 36916, from Carutapera, river Curupi, Maranhão, Brazil, collected on 5 November 1984, with rufous present on the breast, abdomen and back; MPEG 38618, collected at Alto Turiaçu, Maranhão, Brazil, on 2 October 1986, the same day of MPEG 38616, without any trace of rufous.
Figure 4 in Taxonomic challenges posed by discordant evolutionary scenarios supported by molecular and morphological data in the Amazonian Synallaxis rutilans group (Aves: Furnariidae)
Figure 4. Plumage distribution and geographic variation in the Synallaxis rutilans group. Dark grey circles, specimens with grey-patterned plumage; pale grey circles, specimens with olive-patterned plumage; black circles, specimens with rufous-patterned plumage. Concerning intermediate individuals, any specimen with rufous present on the upperparts was classified in the 'specimens with rufous-patterned plumage' group. *Illustrations of birds with the typical plumage of: S. caquetensis (on the left); S. dissors (centre above); S. omissa (right). Area of endemism (AE) and distribution of species of the Synallaxis rutilans group: purple, Guiana EA, S. dissors; red, Napo EA, S. caquetensis; orange, Xingu EA, S. rutilans; yellow, Belém EA, S. omissa; and green, Inambari EA, blue, Rondônia EA and turquoise, Tapajós EA, S. amazonica. *Illustrations from del Hoyo J, Elliott A, Sargatal J, Christie DA, de Juana E, eds. 2017. Handbook of the birds of the world alive. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions (retrieved on 10.11.2017 from http://www.hbw.com).
Figure 1 in Taxonomic challenges posed by discordant evolutionary scenarios supported by molecular and morphological data in the Amazonian Synallaxis rutilans group (Aves: Furnariidae)
Figure 1. Map showing the distribution of sequenced individuals, phylogenetic time tree and plumage analyses for the Synallaxis rutilans group. The areas of endemism recognized by Silva et al. (2005) are highlighted on the map, and distribution points are numbered in accordance with individuals in the tree. The phylogenetic time tree is based on 1539 bp of concatenated ND2 and COI genes. Posterior probability values and the 95% HPD are indicated at each node. Thr, throat; Rec, rectrices; For, forehead; Sup, supercilium; Fac, face; Win, wing-coverts; Rem, remiges; 1st, first colour (main colour); 2nd, second colour (variation ±); 36 (e.g.), colours in Smithe's catalogue; *, specimen damaged or immature; **, specimen analysed without Smithe's catalogue; MPEG A, spirit collection specimen; dark grey circles in map and patches in table, specimens with grey plumage pattern; light grey circles and patches, specimens with olive plumage pattern; black circles and patches, specimens with rufous plumage pattern; purple star, type locality of S. r. dissors; red star, type locality of S. r. caquetensis; red star with white spot, type locality of S. r. confinis; blue star, type locality of S. r. amazonica; blue star with a white spot, type locality of S. r. tertia; orange star, type locality of S. r. rutilans; yellow star, type locality of S. r. omissa.
Figure 5 in Taxonomic challenges posed by discordant evolutionary scenarios supported by molecular and morphological data in the Amazonian Synallaxis rutilans group (Aves: Furnariidae)
Figure 5. Specimens of the Synallaxis rutilans group showing the grey (left-hand bird in each image) and olive patterns in juvenile plumage, from left to right, ventral, lateral and dorsal views: MZUSP 44653, Capim, Pará, Brazil; and MZUSP 93965, Boa Vista, Roraima, Brazil.
Figure 2 in Taxonomic challenges posed by discordant evolutionary scenarios supported by molecular and morphological data in the Amazonian Synallaxis rutilans group (Aves: Furnariidae)
Figure 2. Scatterplots illustrating the results of the PCA for the morphometric data pertaining to populations of the Synallaxis rutilans group as clades resulting from the cladistic analysis performed using mtDNA.
Figure 3 in Taxonomic challenges posed by discordant evolutionary scenarios supported by molecular and morphological data in the Amazonian Synallaxis rutilans group (Aves: Furnariidae)
Figure 3. Specimens of the Synallaxis rutilans group illustrating the patterns grey, olive, and rufous in plumage from left to right: ventral, lateral and dorsal views: MPEG 38618, Alto Turiaçu, Maranhão, Brazil; MPEG 59487, Barcelos, Amazonas, Brazil; and MPEG 56645, Juruti, Pará, Brazil.
FIGURE 2. Specimen ZSM 151 in The name Synallaxis whitneyi Pacheco and Gonzaga, 1995, is not a synonym of Synallaxis cinereus Wied, 1831 (Aves: Passeriformes: Furnariidae)
FIGURE 2. Specimen ZSM 151, one of the syntypes (female) of Parulus ruficeps Spix, 1824 with its labels. This is also a true syntype of Synallaxis cinereus Wied, 1831, as well as a syntype of S. frontalis Pelzeln, 1859. (Photo: Josef H. Reichholf).
FIGURE 1 in The name Synallaxis whitneyi Pacheco and Gonzaga, 1995, is not a synonym of Synallaxis cinereus Wied, 1831 (Aves: Passeriformes: Furnariidae)
FIGURE 1. Specimen of Bahia Spinetail Synallaxis whitneyi (AMNH 6813), erroneously considered to be a syntype of Synallaxis cinereus Wied, 1831. Wied's original label (Synallaxis cinerea mihi) refers to Parulus ruficeps Spix, 1824. (Photo: Renata Stopiglia).
Final matrices: SNPs and mtDNA of Synallaxis albigularis / Mazaria propinqua
<p>Differentiated habitat use can predict the diversity and genetic structure of Amazonian birds. Making this link between the intrinsic characteristics of organisms and the patterns of genetic diversity can provide us with insights into the evolutionary processes that act on species and also on the history of environments. About 15% of non-aquatic birds in the Amazon are restricted to river-created habitats, and have different levels of habitat affinity. In this study we investigated the evolutionary history of Synallaxis albigularis and Mazaria propinqua, two morphologically very similar species, which occur in the initial successional vegetation along the floodplains in western and central Amazonia, co-occurring along the Solimões River. Although sympatric, they are not syntopic, M. propinqua occurs predominantly in river islands of white water rivers, while S. albigularis occurs along alluvial plains on the river banks, using more diverse types of habitat. We used occurrence data from the museum collections and public databases, and generated genomic data (UCEs, SNPs, and mtDNA) for 49 samples of the two species. Our results showed that the two species present different ages of diversification and population history, and that the different use of the habitat can explain the incongruous patterns found. More ephemeral habitats can produce a higher rate of extinction, producing the bottleneck effect, consequently the populations associated with these environments have low genetic variability, with very recent diversification dates, little structure and smaller population size. More resilient habits show the opposite. In addition, climatic variations in the late Pleistocene and Holocene produced changes in the different types of environments in the Amazonian floodplains that affected the connectivity and the size of the bird populations associated with these environments.</p>
Final matrices: SNPs and mtDNA of Synallaxis albigularis / Mazaria propinqua
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