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25 results for “Synchaetidae”
FIGURES 1–10 in A new species of Polyarthra Ehrenberg, 1834 belonging to the vulgaris- group (Rotifera: Monogononta: Synchaetidae) from Argentina, with a key to the identification of species in the Neotropical Region
FIGURES 1–10. Polyarthra platensis sp. nov. (except in those cases specifically indicated all specimens are from the Paraná River floodplain): 1, Female, with head well protruded, ventral view (near Cuay Grande River, Corrientes). 2, female, dorsal view (dorsal right bundle of paddles omitted), 3, ibid, lateral view, dorsal right bundle of paddles omitted. 4, ibid, posterior view. 5–7, expansion of dorsal integument, right side. 8, lanceolate paddle. 9, ensiform paddle. 10, accessory ventral paddle. Scale bars = 50 μm, a: figs 8–10, b: figs 1–7.
FIGURES 11–16 in A new species of Polyarthra Ehrenberg, 1834 belonging to the vulgaris- group (Rotifera: Monogononta: Synchaetidae) from Argentina, with a key to the identification of species in the Neotropical Region
FIGURES 11–16. Polyarthra platensis sp. nov.: 11, trophi, ventral view. 12, ibid, lateral view. 13, rami, distal part (straightened by crushing with a coverslip) 14, idem (swamp at Garrucho, Corrientes) 15, mallei. 16, mallei and details of distal part of rami. Scale bar = 20 μm.
FIGURE 5 in A comprehensive and integrative re-description of Synchaeta tremula (Müller, 1786) and the newly rediscovered Synchaeta tremuloida Pourriot, 1965 (Rotifera: Synchaetidae)
FIGURE 5. Medium-joining network of individuals of Synchaeta tremula and Synchaeta tremuloida from Haarenstau (HS), Haarenniederung (HN), Schlossteich (ST) and Löschteich (LT) for 18S (A) and COI (B). Individual haplotypes are represented as circles, the size of which expresses the number of individuals found per haplotype; black squares represent hypothetical, missing haplotypes. The number of mutations separating haplotypes is given by the dashes. All sequences and positions were included in each analysis, regardless of their length and amount of missing or ambiguous data (i.e. gaps or IUPAC codes).
FIGURE 1 in A comprehensive and integrative re-description of Synchaeta tremula (Müller, 1786) and the newly rediscovered Synchaeta tremuloida Pourriot, 1965 (Rotifera: Synchaetidae)
FIGURE 1. LM images of the habitus of A, B S. tremula and C, D S. tremuloida (A, C, dorsal; B, D, lateral). Scale bars: 60 µm. au, auricle; c, cloaca; da, dorsal antenna; fg, foregut; fo, foot orientation; in, intestine; mx, mastax; oe, oesophagus; pb, protonephridial bladder; sm, stylus mount; st, stomach; and vit, vitellarium.
FIGURE 2 in A comprehensive and integrative re-description of Synchaeta tremula (Müller, 1786) and the newly rediscovered Synchaeta tremuloida Pourriot, 1965 (Rotifera: Synchaetidae)
FIGURE 2. SEM photographs of the habitus of A–C S. tremula and D–F S. tremuloida (A, D, dorsally; B, E, apically; C, F, anal-pseudosegment and foot with toes, lateral view). Scale bars: 10 µm. aps, anal-pseudosegment; ar, apical receptor; asc, ampulla shaped cilia; au, auricle; da, dorsal antenna; dcf, dorsal ciliary field; dlcf, dorsolateral ciliary field; dst, dorsal stylus; gm, gland meatus; la, lateral antennae; lcf, lateral ciliary field; lst, lateral stylus; mr 1–3, mouth receptors; and vlcf, ventrolateral ciliary field.
FIGURE 3 in A comprehensive and integrative re-description of Synchaeta tremula (Müller, 1786) and the newly rediscovered Synchaeta tremuloida Pourriot, 1965 (Rotifera: Synchaetidae)
FIGURE 3. Drawings of the habitus of A–C S. tremula and D–F S. tremuloida (A, D, dorsal; B, E, lateral; C, F, apical). Scale bars: 20 µm. ar, apical receptor; asc, ampulla shaped cilia; au, auricle; br, brain; da, dorsal antenna; dcf, dorsal ciliary field; dlcf, dorsolateral ciliary field; dst, dorsal stylus; fg, foregut; fo, foot orientation; gg, gastric gland; gm, gland meatus; in, intestine; la, lateral antennae; lst, lateral stylus; mr 1–3, mouth receptors; mx, mastax; oe, oesophagus; pb, protonephridial bladder; pg, pedal glands; sm, stylus mount; st, stomach; and vit, vitellarium.
FIGURE 6 in A comprehensive and integrative re-description of Synchaeta tremula (Müller, 1786) and the newly rediscovered Synchaeta tremuloida Pourriot, 1965 (Rotifera: Synchaetidae)
FIGURE 6. Maximum-likelihood trees derived from the four-times analyses (Birky et al. 2010) for 18S (A) and COI (B). Bootstrap frequencies (n = 1000) are shown above the major nodes. Bars to the right of the tree indicate the different species inferred by the four-times rule, the ABGD method at the highest cut-off criterion, and the maximum-likelihood based bPTP analyses, respectively. Provenance of the samples is abbreviated as in Fig. 5. Trees were rooted using Polyarthra remata. The scale bar indicates the average number of substitutions per site per unit time.
FIGURE 4 in A comprehensive and integrative re-description of Synchaeta tremula (Müller, 1786) and the newly rediscovered Synchaeta tremuloida Pourriot, 1965 (Rotifera: Synchaetidae)
FIGURE 4. SEM photographs of the trophi of A–E S. tremula and F–J S. tremuloida (A, F, ventral; B, G dorsal; C, H lateral with the ventral rami pointing upwards; D, I unci, apical view with the ventral side of the trophus pointing upwards; E, J unci, frontal hooks and triangular platelet, latero-apical detail with the ventral side of the trophus pointing upwards). ca, cauda; cl, clava; clt, toothlike clava-lamella; dfh, dorsal frontal hook; hyp, hypopharynx; fu, fulcrum; ra, ramus; rdr, ramus distal ridge; rir, ramus inner ridge; rmr, ramus median ridge; tp, triangular platelet; un, uncus; and vfh, ventral frontal hook.
Supplementary material 1 from: Wilke T, Ahlrichs WH, Bininda-Emonds ORP (2019) A weighted taxonomic matrix key for species of the rotifer genus Synchaeta (Rotifera, Monogononta, Synchaetidae). ZooKeys 871: 1-40. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.871.36435
: Data type: Microsoft Word file
Figure 8 from: Wilke T, Ahlrichs WH, Bininda-Emonds ORP (2019) A weighted taxonomic matrix key for species of the rotifer genus Synchaeta (Rotifera, Monogononta, Synchaetidae). ZooKeys 871: 1-40. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.871.36435
Figure 8 Foot shape. A–C Orientation of the foot (grey areas and arrows) A directed dorsally (S. tremula) B coplanar with the longitudinal axis (S. grimpei) C directed ventrally (S. longipes) D–I Shape and size of the foot (grey areas) D minute, shorter than the toes (S. atlantica) E triangular, medium (S. triophthalma) F conical, medium (S. tremula) G slender, long (S. longipes) H broad, long (S. johanseni) I massive, cylindrical (S. pachypoda). Drawings modified from: DZelinka (1907)HHarring (1921)IKutikova and Vassiljeva (1982). Scale bar: 50 µm.
Figure 9 from: Wilke T, Ahlrichs WH, Bininda-Emonds ORP (2019) A weighted taxonomic matrix key for species of the rotifer genus Synchaeta (Rotifera, Monogononta, Synchaetidae). ZooKeys 871: 1-40. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.871.36435
Figure 9 Foot, pedal glands and toes. A–I Presence of pseudosegments (arrows) and morphology of pedal glands (grey areas) A foot pseudosegmented, pedal gland single and of foot-length (S. neapolitana) B glands asymmetrical with the larger one being of foot-length, glands terminating in the toes (S. triophthalma) C glands asymmetrical with one gland terminating in the toe and one in the dorsal spur (S. hutchingsi) D symmetrical glands of foot-length, voluminous proximally and decreasing gradually in width moving caudally (S. tremula) E glands shorter than the foot, each spherical proximally and abruptly decreasing caudally before widening again to form a reservoir (S. oblonga) F glands longer than the foot (S. prominula), G glands of foot-length and tubular (S. longipes) H foot with wrinkles, glands tubular, suspended from the trunk (S. pachypoda) I foot pseudosegmented, each gland with two voluminous sections, suspended from the trunk, glands terminate proximally to the toes (S. pachypoida) J–Q Symmetry, size and separation of the toes J single toe (S. triophthalma) K asymmetrical, toes of different shape (S. cecilia) L symmetrical toes of medium size, bases of the toes are in contact (arrow), tips are close to one another or very slightly divergent (dashed arrows; S. tremula) M toes symmetrical, minute to small (S. grandis) N toes symmetrical, very large (S. pachypoda) N, O Bases of the toes widely separated (arrow; S. pachypoda, S. baltica) P bases of the toes in contact, tips distinctly divergent (dashed arrows; S. gyrina) Q toes without tips, squamate (S. squamadigitata) R, S Additional appendages of the foot (grey areas) R dorsolateral spur (dorsal view; S. neapolitana) S ventral spine and dorso-lateral spur (lateral view; S. hutchingsi). Drawings modified from: A, RLie-Pettersen (1905)KRousselet (1902)F, H–I, NKutikova and Vassiljeva (1982)QDe Smet (2006).
Figure 7 from: Wilke T, Ahlrichs WH, Bininda-Emonds ORP (2019) A weighted taxonomic matrix key for species of the rotifer genus Synchaeta (Rotifera, Monogononta, Synchaetidae). ZooKeys 871: 1-40. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.871.36435
Figure 7 LM images of species of Synchaeta. A Presence of violet globules in the body cavity (arrow; S. baltica) B, CLM images of the habitus showing different morphologies of the oesophagus (arrows) B oesophagus widens to form a proventriculus (S. tremuloida) C oesophagus highly tensile with numerous longitudinal striae (S. pectinata). Scale bar: 50 µm.
Figure 5 from: Wilke T, Ahlrichs WH, Bininda-Emonds ORP (2019) A weighted taxonomic matrix key for species of the rotifer genus Synchaeta (Rotifera, Monogononta, Synchaetidae). ZooKeys 871: 1-40. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.871.36435
Figure 5 Head and neck region. A–CLM images showing different colours in the head region A colourless / transparent (S. pectinata) B mastax moderately yellow or orange (S. longipes) C parts of rotatory organ or auricles slightly yellow to orange (S. grandis). Scale bar: 25 µm.
Figure 6 from: Wilke T, Ahlrichs WH, Bininda-Emonds ORP (2019) A weighted taxonomic matrix key for species of the rotifer genus Synchaeta (Rotifera, Monogononta, Synchaetidae). ZooKeys 871: 1-40. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.871.36435
Figure 6 Trunk region. A–D Morphology of the trunk region (thick lines) A conical (S. tremula) B cylindrical (S. tavina) C bell-shaped (S. tremuloida) D wineglass-shaped (S. longipes) E Presence of a distinct anal pseudosegment (thick line; S. oblonga) F Presence of a posteriodorsal saccate appendage (thick line; S. arcifera) G, H Longitudinal striae on the dorsal trunk G present (S. tavina) H absent (S. pectinata) I–L Location of the internal organs I occupy entire trunk region (S. oblonga) J occupy middle and caudal trunk regions, oesophagus only structure in the anterior trunk (S. pectinata) K occupy middle trunk region, cloaca ends anteriorly to the lateral antennae (S. grimpei) L stomach and ovary each occupy separate sides of the trunk (S. longipes). Drawings modified from B, GRousselet (1902)FRougier and Pourriot (2006). Scale bar: 50 µm.
Figure 3 from: Wilke T, Ahlrichs WH, Bininda-Emonds ORP (2019) A weighted taxonomic matrix key for species of the rotifer genus Synchaeta (Rotifera, Monogononta, Synchaetidae). ZooKeys 871: 1-40. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.871.36435
Figure 3 Habitat and behaviour. A–C Examples of the swimming behaviour A straight (S. tremula) B slightly coiled (S. stylata) C distinctly coiled (S. pectinata) D–E Foot position (thick lines) while swimming D foot retracted (S. baltica) E foot not retracted (S. tremula). Scale bar: 50 µm.
Figure 4 from: Wilke T, Ahlrichs WH, Bininda-Emonds ORP (2019) A weighted taxonomic matrix key for species of the rotifer genus Synchaeta (Rotifera, Monogononta, Synchaetidae). ZooKeys 871: 1-40. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.871.36435
Figure 4 Head and neck region. A, B Relative width of the apical field (dashed lines) A as wide as the trunk (S. tremuloida) B wider than the trunk (S. longipes) C–F Elevation of the apical field (top line) relative to the auricles (bottom line) C level (S. grimpei) D slightly elevated (S. tremula) E intermediate (S. oblonga) F strongly elevated (S. grandis) G–I Elevation of the dorsolateral styles (thick lines) G not or very slightly raised (S. tremula) H intermediate (S. gyrina) I strongly raised (S. baltica) J–M Auricle size (thick lines) and orientation (arrows) J not clearly demarcated from rotatory organ, directed laterally (S. grimpei) K small, directed laterally (S. tremula) L medium, directed semi-caudally (S. oblonga) M large, directed caudally (S. grandis) N–Q Separation of the head and trunk region N gradual transition, the head is not distinctly offset from the trunk (S. tremula) O head and trunk are demarcated by the narrower neck (S. tremuloida) P demarcation by a sharp constriction in the neck region (S. pachypoda) Q by distinct transversal folds (S. oblonga) R Presence of saccate appendages (thick lines) caudal to auricles (S. bicornis). Drawings modified from: PKutikova and Vassiljeva (1982)RKoste (1981). Scale bars: 50 µm.
Figure 2 from: Wilke T, Ahlrichs WH, Bininda-Emonds ORP (2019) A weighted taxonomic matrix key for species of the rotifer genus Synchaeta (Rotifera, Monogononta, Synchaetidae). ZooKeys 871: 1-40. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.871.36435
Figure 2 Species of Synchaeta from brackish, marine and inland saline habitats. AS. grimpeiBS. balticaCS. johanseniDS. bicornisES. gyrinaFS. triophthalmaGS. ceciliaHS. voraxIS. fennicaJS. cylindricaKS. tavinaLS. neapolitanaMS. hutchingsiNS. atlanticaOS. rousseletiPS. glacialisQS. hyperboreaRS. arciferaSS. tamaraTS. bacilliferaUS. squamadigitata. Drawings modified from: CHarring (1921)DKoste (1981)G, K, LRousselet (1902)IRousselet (1909)JAlthaus (1957)NZelinka (1907)OZelinka (1927)P, Q, SSmirnov (1932) and Friedrich and De Smet (2000)RRougier and Pourriot (2006)TSmirnov (1933)UDe Smet (2006). Scale bar: 100 µm.
Figure 15 from: Wilke T, Ahlrichs WH, Bininda-Emonds ORP (2019) A weighted taxonomic matrix key for species of the rotifer genus Synchaeta (Rotifera, Monogononta, Synchaetidae). ZooKeys 871: 1-40. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.871.36435
Figure 15 SEM images of the trophi. A–F Ramus ("unci") teeth (ventral sides of the trophi directed upwards) A teeth absent (S. pectinata) B no distinct teeth, only a serrated plate (S. vorax) C teeth distinctly incised (S. gyrina) D teeth distinctly incised and separated into two groups by a deep sulcus (arrow; S. oblonga) E dorsal group of teeth distinctly incised and ventral group of teeth comb-like (S. triophthalma) F dorsal teeth comb-like and ventral teeth distinctly incised, groups of teeth separated by a deep sulcus (arrow; S. baltica) G–J Shape of the lateral fulcrum (normal and dashed arrows) and thickness of the cauda (arrow-heads) (trophi from lateral view, ventral sides directed upwards) G fulcrum blade-like, narrow, distal end not oblique, cauda of medium thickness (S. tremula) H fulcrum machete-like, distal end oblique, cauda of medium thickness (S. oblonga) I fulcrum broad, with distinct dorsal thickening (dashed arrow) and ventral lamella (arrow; S. vorax) J fulcrum axe-shaped, very broad, with oblique distal end, cauda robust (S. longipes) K, L Shape of the hypopharynx (arrow) K small to medium, robust (S. tremula) L broad to very broad, laterally pointed / dagger-like (S. stylata). Scale bar: 20 µm.
Figure 16 from: Wilke T, Ahlrichs WH, Bininda-Emonds ORP (2019) A weighted taxonomic matrix key for species of the rotifer genus Synchaeta (Rotifera, Monogononta, Synchaetidae). ZooKeys 871: 1-40. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.871.36435
Figure 16 LM images of the trophi. A, B Cauda (arrows) and fulcrum (dashed arrow) A very thin and slender cauda (S. kitina) B cauda medium with a large distal knob, fulcrum with dorsal thickening and ventral lamella (S. grimpei). Scale bar: 25 µm.
Figure 14 from: Wilke T, Ahlrichs WH, Bininda-Emonds ORP (2019) A weighted taxonomic matrix key for species of the rotifer genus Synchaeta (Rotifera, Monogononta, Synchaetidae). ZooKeys 871: 1-40. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.871.36435
Figure 14 Trophi. A–G Morphology of the ramus ("unci") teeth A teeth absent (S. pectinata) B teeth absent, margin slightly corrugated (S. stylata) C no distinct teeth, only a serrated plate, frontal hook with a spine (arrow; S. vorax) D one to two teeth are sharply pointed and remainder are blunt (S. verrucosa) E teeth distinctly incised, frontal hook with a spine (S. gyrina) F dorsal teeth distinctly incised and ventral comb-like (S. triophthalma) G dorsal teeth comb-like and ventral distinctly incised, frontal hook with a spine (arrow; S. baltica) H–J Shape and breadth (double headed-arrow) of the lateral fulcrum H blade-like, narrow, distal end not oblique (S. tremula) I machete-like, narrow, distal end oblique (dashed arrows; S. oblonga) J axe-shaped to semi-circular, broad to very broad, distal end oblique (dashed arrows; S. longipes) K–L Shape of the hypopharynx K small to medium, robust (S. tremula) L broad to very broad, laterally pointed / dagger-like (S. stylata) M–R Shape of the cauda of the manubrium M of even width (S. baltica) N slightly decreasing distally (S. pectinata) O with a small knob-like thickening distally (S. hutchingsi) P with a large knob-like thickening distally (S. grimpei) Q oar blade shaped at the distal half (S. oblonga) R cauda spatulate or kinked distally (S. glacialis). Drawings modified from: DStemberger (1979) (sub. S. asymmetrica Koch-Althaus) and Jersabek et al. (2003a)RFriedrich and De Smet (2000).
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