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FIGURE 4. Leptochiton lignatilis n in A new Miocene deep-sea chiton and early evidence for Teredinidae-sustained wood-fall communities

FIGURE 4. Leptochiton lignatilis n. sp., from the Miocene (Langhian) of Moncasale di Casina (Reggio Emilia, N Italy). 1. Paratype MZPD MAL-2077, dorsal view of a fragment of an intermediate valve. 2. Close-up of the specimen as in Figure 4.1 showing granules.

FIGURE 3. Leptochiton lignatilis n in A new Miocene deep-sea chiton and early evidence for Teredinidae-sustained wood-fall communities

FIGURE 3. Leptochiton lignatilis n. sp., from the Miocene (Tortonian) of Torrente Cinghio (Parma, N Italy, type locality). 1-2. Paratype MZB 32033, intermediate valve in dorsal (1) and profile view (2). 3-4. Paratype NHMW 2014/0451/ 0001, fragment of a tail valve showing apophysis (ap in 3) and close-up (white rectangle in 3) showing variation in granule shape (4) from circular (white triangles) to elongate (black triangles). 5-8. Paratype MZPD MAL-2076, detail of a fragment of an intermediate valve showing granule arrangement (5, 7) and macro and microaesthetes (6, 8).

FIGURE 2. Leptochiton lignatilis n in A new Miocene deep-sea chiton and early evidence for Teredinidae-sustained wood-fall communities

FIGURE 2. Leptochiton lignatilis n. sp. from the Miocene (Tortonian) of Torrente Cinghio (Parma, N Italy, type locality). 1-4. Holotype, tail valve MGPT-PU 108787 in dorsal (1), ventral (2) and lateral (3) views, and close up (white rectangle in 1) showing sculpture (4). 5. Paratype NHMW 2014/0451/0002, tail valve with a more protruding mucro. 6-7. Paratype MGPT-PU 108788, head valve in dorsal view (6) and close up (white rectangle in 6) showing sculpture (7). 8-9. Paratype MZPD MAL-2074, intermediate valve in dorsal view (8) and close up (white rectangle in 8) showing granules with aesthetes (9).

FIGURE 1 in A new Miocene deep-sea chiton and early evidence for Teredinidae-sustained wood-fall communities

FIGURE 1. Location of the study area and of the Torrente Cinghio and Moncasale sites (asterisks) in the structural map (1) of northern Italy (modified from Scrocca et al., 2003) and in their respective geological setting (2-3) as modified from Papani (2002) and Di Dio and Zanzucchi (2005).

FIGURE 3 in Lyrodus mersinensis sp. nov. (Bivalvia: Teredinidae) another cryptic species in the Lyrodus pedicellatus (Quatrefages, 1849) complex

FIGURE 3. Lyrodus mersinensis sp. nov. (a, b) and selected dissected pallets of specimens of the same species used for comparison from the work by Borges (2014) (c, d). (a) body lacking the anterior end and the shell; (b) detail of pallets showing the distal portion of the blade with conical shape and periostracum characteristic of pedicellatus-like Lyrodus; (c) Mersin, Turkey; (d) Rovinj, Croatia. Scale bars 2 mm.

FIGURE 5 in Lyrodus mersinensis sp. nov. (Bivalvia: Teredinidae) another cryptic species in the Lyrodus pedicellatus (Quatrefages, 1849) complex

FIGURE 5. Lyrodus pedicellatus (Quatrefages, 1849). Neotype (broken specimen from San Sebastian, Spain, the type locality) at the Muséum National d´Histoire Naturelle, Paris. View of the specimen in different positions. Left: first- ventral position; second- dorsal position; third- lateral position; fourth-lateral position. Right: view of each pallet. Photomicrograph by Manuel Caballer MNHN, project E-RECOLNAT: ANR-11-INBS-0004. Scale bar 4 mm.

FIGURE 1 in Lyrodus mersinensis sp. nov. (Bivalvia: Teredinidae) another cryptic species in the Lyrodus pedicellatus (Quatrefages, 1849) complex

FIGURE 1. Location of sample sites of Lyrodus pedicellatus and Lyrodus mersinensis sp. nov. sequenced. Location details are given in Table 1.

FIGURE 4 in Lyrodus mersinensis sp. nov. (Bivalvia: Teredinidae) another cryptic species in the Lyrodus pedicellatus (Quatrefages, 1849) complex

FIGURE 4. Lyrodus pedicellatus from Brittany, France (a, b) and selected dissected pallets of specimens of the same species used for comparison from the work by Borges (2014) (c–f). (a) full body; (b) detail of pallets showing the distal portion of the blade with conical shape; (c) pallet pair from Portsmouth, UK, outer face (left), inner face showing the distal portion of the blade with conical shape (right); (d) series of different-sized pallets from Portsmouth, UK; (e) Olhão, Portugal; (f) Azores, Portugal. All pallets have the characteristics of the morphospecies L. pedicellatus. Scale bars (a, b, d, e and f) 2 mm; (c) 1 mm.

FIGURE 2 in Lyrodus mersinensis sp. nov. (Bivalvia: Teredinidae) another cryptic species in the Lyrodus pedicellatus (Quatrefages, 1849) complex

FIGURE 2. Maximum-likelihood phylogram based on partial sequences of the 28S rRNA gene obtained from GenBank showing accession numbers. Numbers associated with nodes represent bootstrap values greater than 50. Scale bar indicates 0.01 substitutions per site.