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Fig. 4 in A New Species Of The Y-Larva Genus Hansenocaris Itô, 1985 (Crustacea: Thecostraca: Facetotecta) From Indonesia, With A Review Of Y-Cyprids And A Key To All Their Described Species

Fig. 4. Hansenocaris papillata, new species, holotype y-cypris, morphology of thorax and abdomen, SEM: A – trunk, lateral view, with thoracic and abdominal segments numbered in Roman and Arabic numerals, respectively; B – close-up of rectangle in Fig. 4A showing cuticle of fifth and sixth thoracic segments, with borders of segments indicated by arrowheads; C – posterior part of trunk, with thoracic and abdominal segments numbered in Roman and Arabic numerals respectively, borders of segments indicated by arrowheads; D – posterior part of telson, dorsolateral view, with furcal setae designated as "a", "b" and "c"; E – posterior part of telson, ventrolateral view. Scale bars in µm.

Fig. 3 in A New Species Of The Y-Larva Genus Hansenocaris Itô, 1985 (Crustacea: Thecostraca: Facetotecta) From Indonesia, With A Review Of Y-Cyprids And A Key To All Their Described Species

Fig. 3. Hansenocaris papillata, new species, holotype y-cypris, morphological details, SEM: A – anterior end, ventrolateral view, with papilliform protrusions indicated by asterisk; B – ventral papilliform protrusion at anterior end, with cuticular pore of head shield indicated by arrowhead; C – labrum, lateral view; D – antennule, distal part; E – thoracopods, anteriolateral view; F – thoracopods, lateral view, with thoracic segments numbered; G – thoracopods, rear view, with seta on inner margin of second segment of endopod indicated by asterisk. Scale bars in µm.

Fig. 2 in A New Species Of The Y-Larva Genus Hansenocaris Itô, 1985 (Crustacea: Thecostraca: Facetotecta) From Indonesia, With A Review Of Y-Cyprids And A Key To All Their Described Species

Fig. 2. Hansenocaris papillata, new species, general appearance and ultrastructure of head shield of holotype y-cypris, SEM: A – general appearance, lateral view, with anterior papilliform protrusions indicated by asterisk; B – head shield, dorsolateral view, with locations of anterior and posterior pairs of lattice organs indicated by rectangles, medial groove indicated by asterisk; C – anterior part of head shield, with anterior lattice organs surrounded by dotted ellipses; D – anterior pairs of lattice organs; E – posterior part of head shield; F – posterior pairs of lattice organs. Scale bars in µm.

Fig. 1 in A New Species Of The Y-Larva Genus Hansenocaris Itô, 1985 (Crustacea: Thecostraca: Facetotecta) From Indonesia, With A Review Of Y-Cyprids And A Key To All Their Described Species

Fig. 1. Hansenocaris papillata, new species, habitus of holotype y-cypris, lateral view, with anterior papilliform protrusions indicated by asterisk, thoracic and abdominal segments numbered in Roman and Arabic numerals respectively. Scale bar = 15 µm.

Fig. 1 in Two New Species of Lecithotrophic Nauplius y with Remarkable Labra from Okinawa, Japan, and a Family-Group Name for y-Larvae (Crustacea: Thecostraca: Facetotecta: Hansenocarididae fam. nov.)

Fig. 1. Hansenocaris cristalabri sp. nov., holotype (NHMD-1174614), microphotographs of living nauplius at two different stages of development. A, B, nauplius in dorsal and lateral view, respectively; C, D, last-stage nauplius in ventral and lateral view, respectively. Live video of H. cristalabri sp. nov. can be seen here: https://youtu.be/SCskuhPTCXo and is also deposited at Figshare.com: https://doi.org/10.6084/ m9.figshare.20430807.

Fig. 3 in Two New Species of Lecithotrophic Nauplius y with Remarkable Labra from Okinawa, Japan, and a Family-Group Name for y-Larvae (Crustacea: Thecostraca: Facetotecta: Hansenocarididae fam. nov.)

Fig. 3. Hansenocaris cristalabri sp. nov., holotype (NHMD-1174614), scanning electron micrographs of last-stage nauplius. A, B, habitus, dorsal and posteriodorsal view respectively; C, cephalic shield, slightly oblique frontal view, with 'primordial plates' differentiated by colors and abbreviations following Itô's (1987b, 1990) system (see Fig. 4); D–M, details of pores and setae of cephalic shield in A and C, indicated by dotted arrows; N, detail of spine-flanked notch in posterolateral margin of cephalic shield, indicated by dotted arrow (cf. Fig. 2E); O, two orderly spine-rows defining dorsal "keel" of trunk and contrasting with otherwise irregularly arranged spinules of transverse ridges. Abbreviations: C, crescentic plate; F-1–F-4, derivatives of primordial frontal plates 1–4; I-1, intercalary plate 1; O-1, occipital plate 1; P-1, derivatives of primordial polygonal plate 1; W, window; pores and setae numbered as described in text and Table 1.

Fig. 2 in Two New Species of Lecithotrophic Nauplius y with Remarkable Labra from Okinawa, Japan, and a Family-Group Name for y-Larvae (Crustacea: Thecostraca: Facetotecta: Hansenocarididae fam. nov.)

Fig. 2. Hansenocaris cristalabri sp. nov., holotype (NHMD-1174614), scanning electron micrographs of last-stage nauplius. A, B, habitus, ventral and lateral views, respectively; C, D, cockscomb-like labral process, left (enlarged from B) and right-posterior views, respectively; E, detail of spine-flanked notch in posteriolateral margin of cephalic shield, indicated by dotted arrow (cf. Fig. 3N); F, G, successively enlarged details of pore in A on posterior face of labral base, indicated by dotted arrows; H, detail of pore in A indicated by dotted arrow; I–M, details of pores in B indicated by dotted arrows; N, same as E; O, detail of dorsocaudal spine in B, left lateral view; P, detail of region of furcal spines, slightly oblique ventral view. Abbreviations: invag, cuticular invagination; pores and setae numbered as described in text and Table 1.

Fig. 5 in Two New Species of Lecithotrophic Nauplius y with Remarkable Labra from Okinawa, Japan, and a Family-Group Name for y-Larvae (Crustacea: Thecostraca: Facetotecta: Hansenocarididae fam. nov.)

Fig. 5. Hansenocaris cristalabri sp. nov., holotype (NHMD-1174614), scanning electron micrographs of last-stage nauplius. A, naupliar appendages (first antennae, second antennae, and mandibles) and labrum with cockscomb-like process, ventral view; B, same, anterior view; C, left first antennae, outer side; D, right second antenna, inner side; E, F, left mandible, viewed from two different angles. Abbreviations: ba, basis; co, coxa; en, endopod; ex, exopod; invag, cuticular invagination. Arabic numerals 1–6, exopodal segments 1–6, numbered from proximal to distal.

Fig. 4 in Two New Species of Lecithotrophic Nauplius y with Remarkable Labra from Okinawa, Japan, and a Family-Group Name for y-Larvae (Crustacea: Thecostraca: Facetotecta: Hansenocarididae fam. nov.)

Fig. 4. Comparison of cephalic shield plates of Hansenocaris furcifera Itô, 1989 and Hansenocaris cristalabri sp. nov., holotype (NHMD- 1174614). A–E, cephalic shields of last five naupliar instars [N1–N5 respectively according to Itô (1990)] of H. furcifera with color-zone indications (key at lower right) showing successive stages of subdivision of shield plates (facets) starting with 'primordial' plates in N1 (after Itô 1987a, 1990: figs 5E–F, 7, 8E, 10B; used with permission of the editor, Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory); F, last-stage nauplius of Hansenocaris cristalabri sp. nov. with presumed plate homologies to H. furcifera indicated by color-coding and alpha-numeric labels. Putatively homologous regions in C, E, and F marked by linked dotted ellipses.

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Integrative taxonomy, larval biology and functional morphology of the little known gall-forming coral endoparasite Petrarca (Thecostraca: Ascothoracida)

Petrarca is an ascothoracidan endoparasite in scleratinian dendrophyllid corals. Petrarca can stimulate coral growth, forming a gall chamber to house itself inside the coral skeleton. The diversity, molecular phylogeny and feeding ecology of Petrarca are understudied. This is the first study of Petrarca to be based on light and scanning electron microscopy to document the fine-scale external and functional morphology of its trophi and other structures. A combined molecular and morphological approach revealed at least four closely related species of Petrarca, P. goanna, P. morula, Petrarca nozawai sp. nov. and Petrarca rubus sp. nov in Turbinaria and Astreopora corals in Asia. Carapace shape and fine morphology, ultrastructure of the antennular aesthetasc, morphological characteristics of the trophi and the shape and size of the penis rami are diagnostic characters. Several morphological characters, which are all probably synapomorphies, have been proposed to distinguish the genus Petrarca from other Ascothoracida. Mouthparts morphology of Petrarca are developed for cutting and chewing, rather than for piercing and sucking as in many other Ascothoracida. The external surface of the carapace of Petrarca is ornamented with densely packed secretory papillae used putatively for the chemical dissolution of the substrate necessary for the formation of the gall chamber.

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Integrative taxonomy, larval biology and functional morphology of the little known gall-forming coral endoparasite Petrarca (Thecostraca: Ascothoracida)

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publicMar 2023View details →

FIGURE 8 in Gorgonolaureus bicornutus sp. nov (Crustacea: Thecostraca: Ascothoracida) from off South-East Taiwan with notes on morphology and distribution

FIGURE 8. Map of distribution of species of Gorgonolaureus and genera Thalassomembracis, Cardomanica and Isidascus: 1—G. bikiniensis, 2—G. muzikae, 3—G. decurvatus, 4—G. vietnamianus, 5—G. tricornutus, 6—G. helenae, 7—G. bicornutus, —Thalassomembracis, —Cardomanica, —Isidascus.

FIGURE 4 in Gorgonolaureus bicornutus sp. nov (Crustacea: Thecostraca: Ascothoracida) from off South-East Taiwan with notes on morphology and distribution

FIGURE 4. Gorgonolaureus bicornutus sp. nov., thoracopods (numbers on B–D correspond to thoracopodal setation in Table 1), furcal ramus, rudimentary penis, female, holotype. (A) Right thoracopod 1, front view. (B) Right thoracopod 2, front view. (C) Right thoracopod 3, rear view. (D) Right thoracopod 4, rear view. (E) Right thoracopod 5, rear view. (F) Right thoracopod 6, front view. (G) Left furcal ramus, outer side. (H) Distal end of right furcal ramus, inner side. (I) Rudimentary penis (dotted) on ventral side of first abdominal segment (ab1). Abbreviations: ab1—first abdominal segment, ba—basis, co—coxa, en— endopod, ex—exopod, sr—seminal receptacles in coxae. Scale bars in µm.

FIGURE 7 in Gorgonolaureus bicornutus sp. nov (Crustacea: Thecostraca: Ascothoracida) from off South-East Taiwan with notes on morphology and distribution

FIGURE 7. Gorgonolaureus bicornutus sp. nov., ultrastructure of furcal rami (SEM), female, paratype. (A) Distal ends of furcal rami with tuft of tick aesthetasc-like setae. (B) Posterior end of telson with proximal parts of furcal rami and rudimentary telsonic spine. (C) Furcal rami, external and internal sides. (D) Transverse rows of ctenoid scales on internal surface of furcal ramus. Abbreviations: fr—furcal rami, rts—rudimentary telsonic spine, te—telson. Scale bars in µm.

FIGURE 3 in Gorgonolaureus bicornutus sp. nov (Crustacea: Thecostraca: Ascothoracida) from off South-East Taiwan with notes on morphology and distribution

FIGURE 3. Gorgonolaureus bicornutus sp. nov., mouth parts, female, holotype. (A) Oral cone, front view. (B, C) Mandibles. (D)—Enlarged cutting edge of mandible. (E, F) Maxillules. (G) Maxillae. (H) Enlarged distal ends of maxillae. (I) Medial languette. Abbreviations: lb—labrum, md—mandible, mxI—maxillule, mxII—maxilla. Scale bars in Μm.

FIGURE 2 in Gorgonolaureus bicornutus sp. nov (Crustacea: Thecostraca: Ascothoracida) from off South-East Taiwan with notes on morphology and distribution

FIGURE 2. Gorgonolaureus bicornutus sp. nov., general appearance and antennules, female, holotype. (A) Carapace, lateral view. (B) Carapace, posterio-ventral view. (C) Carapace, anterio-ventral view. (D) Position of inner body proper inside carapace, lateral view (left valve of carapace removed, thoracic segments numbered in Roman). (E) Right antennule, lateral view (segments numbered). (F) Left antennule, distal segments 4–6, lateral view. Abbreviations: a1—antennule, ab— abdomen, ad—adductor muscle, ap—aperture of carapace, cg—claw guard, cl—claw, dh—dorsal horns, fr—furcal rami, oc— oral cone (oral pyramid), ps—proximal sensory process, thp1–6—thoracopods 1–6. Scale bars in µm.

FIGURE 1 in Gorgonolaureus bicornutus sp. nov (Crustacea: Thecostraca: Ascothoracida) from off South-East Taiwan with notes on morphology and distribution

FIGURE 1. Gorgonolaureus bicornutus sp. nov., general appearance, light microscopy, female, holotype. (A) Gorgonian cyst with parasite in situ, left side, lateral view (free margins of aperture 'ap' indicated with arrow). (B) Carapace on gorgonian rod, right side, lateral view (soft polyp tissue removed). (C) Carapace, posterio-ventral view. (D) Carapace, anterio-ventral view. Abbreviations: ap—aperture of carapace. Scale bars in µm.

FIGURE 6 in Gorgonolaureus bicornutus sp. nov (Crustacea: Thecostraca: Ascothoracida) from off South-East Taiwan with notes on morphology and distribution

FIGURE 6. Gorgonolaureus bicornutus sp. nov., ultrastructure of antennules and oral cone (SEM), female, paratype. (A) Sixth antennular segment, outer surface (arrowheads indicating ctenoid scales). (B) Claw and claw guard of sixth antennular segment, inner surface. (C) Proximal sensory process. (D) Labrum, forming oral cone, rear view (closed rear margins of labrum indicated by arrowheads). (E) Enlarged tip of labrum from 'D'. (F) Ctenoid scales on surface of labrum from 'D'. (G) Mouth parts. Abbreviations: cg—claw guard, cl—claw, md—mandible, mxI—maxillule, mxII—maxillae, ps—proximal sensory process. Scale bars in µm.

FIGURE 5 in Gorgonolaureus bicornutus sp. nov (Crustacea: Thecostraca: Ascothoracida) from off South-East Taiwan with notes on morphology and distribution

FIGURE 5. Gorgonolaureus bicornutus sp. nov., ultrastructure of carapace and body proper (SEM), female, paratype. (A) Inner body proper inside carapace, lateral view (left carapace valve removed). (B) Inner surface of posterio-ventral part of carapace and distal halves of furcal rami. (C) Enlarged part of mantle cuticle on inner surface of posterio-ventral part of carapace (tiny pores indicated by arrowheads). (D) Multifid teeth on external surface of carapace at posterio-ventral edge of aperture. (E) Posterior part of thorax (segments numbered in Roman) with abdomen (segments numbered in Arabic). (F) Lateral epaulet on sixth thoracic segment. (G) ventral surface of third abdominal segment. Abbreviations: ab—abdomen, ad— adductor muscle, ap—edge of aperture, dh—dorsal horns, ep—epaulet, fr—furcal rami, te—telson, thp1–6—thoracopods. Scale bars in µm.