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2,755 results for “Thermal”
Effect of Warming on Thermal Adaptation of Soil Microbial Growth Traits at Harvard Forest 2013-2023
Adaptation of soil microbes due to warming from climate change has been observed, but it remains unknown what microbial growth traits are adaptive to warming. We studied bacterial isolates from the Harvard Forest Long-Term Ecological Research site, where field soils have been experimentally heated to 5ºC above ambient temperature with unheated controls for thirty years. We hypothesized that Alphaproteobacteria from warmed plots have (1) less temperature sensitive growth rates; (2) higher optimum growth temperatures; and (3) higher maximum growth temperatures compared to isolates from control plots. We made high-throughput measurements of bacterial growth in liquid cultures over time and across temperatures from 22-37ºC in 2-3ºC increments. We estimated growth rates by fitting Gompertz models to the growth data. Temperature sensitivity of growth rate, optimum growth temperature, and maximum growth temperature were estimated by the Ratkowsky 1983 model and a modified Macromolecular Rate Theory (MMRT) model. To determine evidence of adaptation, we ran phylogenetic generalized least squares tests on isolates from warmed and control soils. Our results showed evidence of adaptation of higher optimum growth temperature of bacterial isolates from heated soils. However, we observed no evidence of adaptation of temperature sensitivity of growth and maximum growth temperature. Our project begins to capture the shape of the temperature response curves, but illustrates that the relationship between growth and temperature is complex and cannot be limited to a single point in the biokinetic range.
Dataset of "Thermal Stability of Valuable Metals in Lithium-Ion Battery Cathode Materials: Temperature Range 100-400 °C"
<p>Lithium is crucial in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), serving as a main component of the electrolyte and cathode. Elements such as cobalt, nickel, and manganese are also vital for high performance, energy density, and stability. This study aimed to examine the behaviour of end- of-life cathode material (LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2) and its valuable metals after exposure to temperatures between 100 and 400 °C, comparing it with untreated material. The lithium content cannot be reliably determined by conventional analytical methods, so inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) was chosen for this purpose. For ICP-OES measurements, samples were dissolved in different solvents for a specified time, and the concentrations of lithium, nickel, manganese, and cobalt were measured. From the measured values, their theoretical yields were calculated. Due to the annealing at given temperatures and subsequent dissolution, this step can be considered as the first stage of the pyrometallurgical- hydrometallurgical process used in battery recycling. The study was complemented by further analyses to monitor the effect of annealing temperatures on the properties of the material. Based on the results, it was found that the highest theoretical yield in this temperature range was for material annealed at 400 °C and dissolved in 20% nitric acid for 4 hours.</p>
Evidence of alliesthesia during a neighborhood thermal walk in a hot and dry city (Phoenix, Arizona)
Thermal comfort should be an integral part of urban design in the context of global warming and urbanization. The influence of built infrastructure on thermal perceptions of walking pedestrians is not well explored, but thermal walks that combine sensing technologies with simultaneous collection of user experiences is a promising research direction to shorten the gap. We examined the relationships between the built environment, heat perception, and behavioral coping mechanisms in one of the most heat vulnerable Phoenix neighborhoods. Using Phoenix as an example, where extremely hot summer temperatures are becoming a norm, can help to address heat challenges of other cities that are facing rising temperatures. This study is an experimental citizen science project in which participants were surveyed during a 1-hour walk around the neighborhood and recorded their experience in a field guide. Walkers wore GPS devices and microclimate measurements were taken to gain deeper insights on subjective heat perception and physical body heat accumulation during the walk. Results revealed the differences in heat perception across a variety of urban landscapes. Participants identified preferred and most challenging locations. Combined GPS and microclimate data mapped in GIS visualized dependencies between the streetscape, microclimate, and thermal perceptions. Moreover, we presented the evidence of thermal alliesthesia, a feeling of pleasure from relieving of thermal discomfort. This project is one of the first to examine the impact of urban environment on dynamic psychological and physiological responses to heat. Using sensing technologies and collecting subjective perceptions, this research will inform the design changes in the neighborhood that will undergo redevelopment. It can serve as an example for other cities striving to adapt urban microclimates to new extremes.
Summer water chemistry; sediment phosphorus fluxes and sorption capacity; sedimentation and sediment resuspension dynamics; water column thermal structure; and zooplankton, macroinvertebrate, and macrophyte communities in eight shallow lakes in northwest Iowa, USA (2018-2020)
The primary aim of this data product is to characterize change in water chemistry, sediment-water interactions, and biological communities in shallow, eutrophic lakes undergoing a fishery biomanipulation. We studied eight glacial lakes located in northwest Iowa, USA, from 2018 to 2020 during the summer season (May to September). A subset of these lakes (n = 4; Center, Five Island, North Twin, and Silver Lakes) were part of a fishery biomanipulation in which the Iowa Department of Natural Resources (IDNR) incentivized commercial harvest of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and bigmouth buffalo (Ictiobus cyprinellus). Harvests occurred in Center and Five Island Lakes during 2018-2019 and in North Twin and Silver Lakes during 2019-2020. Between 73 and 373 kg fish biomass per ha were removed each year. The other study lakes (n = 4; Blue, South Twin, Storm, and Swan Lakes) remained unmanipulated during the study period. Over the course of the biomanipulation, we quantified a suite of physical, chemical, and biological parameters across the study lakes. High frequency aquatic sensors were used to measure water column thermal structure, dissolved oxygen concentrations, and algal pigments. Manual water chemistry sampling further quantified suspended solids, total phosphorus and nitrogen, soluble reactive phosphorus, nitrate, and water clarity. We measured flux rates of phosphorus between bottom sediments and the overlying water using ex situ sediment core incubations under both oxic and anoxic conditions. We further quantified sediment phosphorus sorption capacity using equilibrium phosphorus concentration assays. Tiered sediment traps were used to measure sedimentation rates as well as sediment resuspension in bottom waters. We also measured change in zooplankton, macroinvertebrate, and macrophyte community composition and abundance. These data will be used to better understand the mechanisms of internal phosphorus loading in shallow lakes and the ecosystem effects of fisherie
Long term response of arctic tussock tundra to thermal erosion features: A modeling analysis. Tussock tundra recovery after a thermal erosion event
The Multiple Element Limitation (MEL) model is used to simulate the recovery of Alaskan arctic tussock tundra to thermal erosion features (TEFs) caused by permafrost thaw and mass wasting. TEFs could be significant to regional carbon (C) and nutrient budgets because permafrost soils contain large stocks of soil organic matter (SOM) and TEFs are expected to become more frequent as climate warms. These simulations deal only with recovery following TEF stabilization and do not address initial losses of C and nutrients during TEF formation. To capture the variability among and within TEFs, we simulate a range of post-stabilization conditions by varying the initial size of SOM pools and nutrient supply rates. This file contains the results for 100 years of tussock tundra recovery after a thermal erosion event. Data is presented for day 250 of each year.
Long term response of arctic tussock tundra to thermal erosion features: A modeling analysis. Tussock tundra recovery after a thermal erosion event: saturating nutrients.
The Multiple Element Limitation (MEL) model is used to simulate the recovery of Alaskan arctic tussock tundra to thermal erosion features (TEFs) caused by permafrost thaw and mass wasting. TEFs could be significant to regional carbon (C) and nutrient budgets because permafrost soils contain large stocks of soil organic matter (SOM) and TEFs are expected to become more frequent as climate warms. These simulations deal only with recovery following TEF stabilization and do not address initial losses of C and nutrients during TEF formation. To capture the variability among and within TEFs, we simulate a range of post-stabilization conditions by varying the initial size of SOM pools and nutrient supply rates. This file contains the results for 100 years of tussock tundra recovery after a thermal erosion event. This simulation is of TEF recovery under saturating nutrient conditions. Data is presented for day 250 of each year.
Long term response of arctic tussock tundra to thermal erosion features: A modeling analysis. Tussock tundra regrowth after a thermal erosion event: Simulation A - increased Phase II soil organic matter
The Multiple Element Limitation (MEL) model is used to simulate the recovery of Alaskan arctic tussock tundra to thermal erosion features (TEFs) caused by permafrost thaw and mass wasting. TEFs could be significant to regional carbon (C) and nutrient budgets because permafrost soils contain large stocks of soil organic matter (SOM) and TEFs are expected to become more frequent as climate warms. These simulations deal only with recovery following TEF stabilization and do not address initial losses of C and nutrients during TEF formation. To capture the variability among and within TEFs, we simulate a range of post-stabilization conditions by varying the initial size of SOM pools and nutrient supply rates. This file contains the results for 100 years of tussock tundra recovery after a thermal erosion event. This simulation is of TEF recovery with increased Phase II soil organic matter compared to the base simulation. Data is presented for day 250 of each year.
Long term response of arctic tussock tundra to thermal erosion features: A modeling analysis. A 100 yr old thermal erosion event under control conditions.
The Multiple Element Limitation (MEL) model is used to simulate the recovery of Alaskan arctic tussock tundra to thermal erosion features (TEFs) caused by permafrost thaw and mass wasting. TEFs could be significant to regional carbon (C) and nutrient budgets because permafrost soils contain large stocks of soil organic matter (SOM) and TEFs are expected to become more frequent as climate warms. These simulations deal only with recovery following TEF stabilization and do not address initial losses of C and nutrients during TEF formation. To capture the variability among and within TEFs, we simulate a range of post-stabilization conditions by varying the initial size of SOM pools and nutrient supply rates. This file contains the results for a 100yr old TEF response to N fertilization over 25 years.
Long term response of arctic tussock tundra to thermal erosion features: A modeling analysis. Tussock tundra regrowth after a thermal erosion event: Simulation J - doubled Phase II decomposition
The Multiple Element Limitation (MEL) model is used to simulate the recovery of Alaskan arctic tussock tundra to thermal erosion features (TEFs) caused by permafrost thaw and mass wasting. TEFs could be significant to regional carbon (C) and nutrient budgets because permafrost soils contain large stocks of soil organic matter (SOM) and TEFs are expected to become more frequent as climate warms. These simulations deal only with recovery following TEF stabilization and do not address initial losses of C and nutrients during TEF formation. To capture the variability among and within TEFs, we simulate a range of post-stabilization conditions by varying the initial size of SOM pools and nutrient supply rates. This file contains the results for 100 years of tussock tundra recovery after a thermal erosion event. This simulation is of TEF recovery with doubled Phase II soil organic matter decomposition compared to the base simulation. Data is presented for day 250 of each year.
Long term response of arctic tussock tundra to thermal erosion features: A modeling analysis. Tussock tundra regrowth after a thermal erosion event: Simulation C - increased Phase I and Phase II soil organic matter
The Multiple Element Limitation (MEL) model is used to simulate the recovery of Alaskan arctic tussock tundra to thermal erosion features (TEFs) caused by permafrost thaw and mass wasting. TEFs could be significant to regional carbon (C) and nutrient budgets because permafrost soils contain large stocks of soil organic matter (SOM) and TEFs are expected to become more frequent as climate warms. These simulations deal only with recovery following TEF stabilization and do not address initial losses of C and nutrients during TEF formation. To capture the variability among and within TEFs, we simulate a range of post-stabilization conditions by varying the initial size of SOM pools and nutrient supply rates. This file contains the results for 100 years of tussock tundra recovery after a thermal erosion event. This simulation is of TEF recovery with increased Phase I and Phase II soil organic matter compared to the base simulation. Data is presented for day 250 of each year.
Long term response of arctic tussock tundra to thermal erosion features: A modeling analysis. Tussock tundra regrowth after a thermal erosion event: Simulation D - reduced Phase I and Phase II soil organic matter
The Multiple Element Limitation (MEL) model is used to simulate the recovery of Alaskan arctic tussock tundra to thermal erosion features (TEFs) caused by permafrost thaw and mass wasting. TEFs could be significant to regional carbon (C) and nutrient budgets because permafrost soils contain large stocks of soil organic matter (SOM) and TEFs are expected to become more frequent as climate warms. These simulations deal only with recovery following TEF stabilization and do not address initial losses of C and nutrients during TEF formation. To capture the variability among and within TEFs, we simulate a range of post-stabilization conditions by varying the initial size of SOM pools and nutrient supply rates. This file contains the results for 100 years of tussock tundra recovery after a thermal erosion event. This simulation is of TEF recovery with reduced Phase I and Phase II soil organic matter compared to the base simulation. Data is presented for day 250 of each year. .
Long term response of arctic tussock tundra to thermal erosion features: A modeling analysis. Tussock tundra regrowth after a thermal erosion event: Simulation B - increased Phase I soil organic matter
The Multiple Element Limitation (MEL) model is used to simulate the recovery of Alaskan arctic tussock tundra to thermal erosion features (TEFs) caused by permafrost thaw and mass wasting. TEFs could be significant to regional carbon (C) and nutrient budgets because permafrost soils contain large stocks of soil organic matter (SOM) and TEFs are expected to become more frequent as climate warms. These simulations deal only with recovery following TEF stabilization and do not address initial losses of C and nutrients during TEF formation. To capture the variability among and within TEFs, we simulate a range of post-stabilization conditions by varying the initial size of SOM pools and nutrient supply rates. This file contains the results for 100 years of tussock tundra recovery after a thermal erosion event. This simulation is of TEF recovery with increased Phase I soil organic matter compared to the base simulation. Data is presented for day 250 of each year.
Long term response of arctic tussock tundra to thermal erosion features: A modeling analysis. Tussock tundra regrowth after a thermal erosion event: Simulation F - increased N deposition
The Multiple Element Limitation (MEL) model is used to simulate the recovery of Alaskan arctic tussock tundra to thermal erosion features (TEFs) caused by permafrost thaw and mass wasting. TEFs could be significant to regional carbon (C) and nutrient budgets because permafrost soils contain large stocks of soil organic matter (SOM) and TEFs are expected to become more frequent as climate warms. These simulations deal only with recovery following TEF stabilization and do not address initial losses of C and nutrients during TEF formation. To capture the variability among and within TEFs, we simulate a range of post-stabilization conditions by varying the initial size of SOM pools and nutrient supply rates. This file contains the results for 100 years of tussock tundra recovery after a thermal erosion event. This simulation is of TEF recovery with increased N deposition compared to the base simulation. Data is presented for day 250 of each year.
Long term response of arctic tussock tundra to thermal erosion features: A modeling analysis. Tussock tundra regrowth after a thermal erosion event: Simulation E - reduced Phase I soil organic matter
The Multiple Element Limitation (MEL) model is used to simulate the recovery of Alaskan arctic tussock tundra to thermal erosion features (TEFs) caused by permafrost thaw and mass wasting. TEFs could be significant to regional carbon (C) and nutrient budgets because permafrost soils contain large stocks of soil organic matter (SOM) and TEFs are expected to become more frequent as climate warms. These simulations deal only with recovery following TEF stabilization and do not address initial losses of C and nutrients during TEF formation. To capture the variability among and within TEFs, we simulate a range of post-stabilization conditions by varying the initial size of SOM pools and nutrient supply rates. This file contains the results for 100 years of tussock tundra recovery after a thermal erosion event. This simulation is of TEF recovery with decreasing Phase I soil organic matter compared to the base simulation. Data is presented for day 250 of each year.
Long term response of arctic tussock tundra to thermal erosion features: A modeling analysis. Tussock tundra regrowth after a thermal erosion event: Simulation I - doubled Phase I decomposition
The Multiple Element Limitation (MEL) model is used to simulate the recovery of Alaskan arctic tussock tundra to thermal erosion features (TEFs) caused by permafrost thaw and mass wasting. TEFs could be significant to regional carbon (C) and nutrient budgets because permafrost soils contain large stocks of soil organic matter (SOM) and TEFs are expected to become more frequent as climate warms. These simulations deal only with recovery following TEF stabilization and do not address initial losses of C and nutrients during TEF formation. To capture the variability among and within TEFs, we simulate a range of post-stabilization conditions by varying the initial size of SOM pools and nutrient supply rates. This file contains the results for 100 years of tussock tundra recovery after a thermal erosion event. This simulation is of TEF recovery with doubled Phase I soil organic matter decomposition compared to the base simulation. Data is presented for day 250 of each year.
Long term response of arctic tussock tundra to thermal erosion features: A modeling analysis. Tussock tundra regrowth after a thermal erosion event: Simulation H - increased N and P deposition
The Multiple Element Limitation (MEL) model is used to simulate the recovery of Alaskan arctic tussock tundra to thermal erosion features (TEFs) caused by permafrost thaw and mass wasting. TEFs could be significant to regional carbon (C) and nutrient budgets because permafrost soils contain large stocks of soil organic matter (SOM) and TEFs are expected to become more frequent as climate warms. These simulations deal only with recovery following TEF stabilization and do not address initial losses of C and nutrients during TEF formation. To capture the variability among and within TEFs, we simulate a range of post-stabilization conditions by varying the initial size of SOM pools and nutrient supply rates. This file contains the results for 100 years of tussock tundra recovery after a thermal erosion event. This simulation is of TEF recovery with increased N and P deposition compared to the base simulation. Data is presented for day 250 of each year.
Long term response of arctic tussock tundra to thermal erosion features: A modeling analysis. Tussock tundra regrowth after a thermal erosion event: Simulation G - increased P deposition
The Multiple Element Limitation (MEL) model is used to simulate the recovery of Alaskan arctic tussock tundra to thermal erosion features (TEFs) caused by permafrost thaw and mass wasting. TEFs could be significant to regional carbon (C) and nutrient budgets because permafrost soils contain large stocks of soil organic matter (SOM) and TEFs are expected to become more frequent as climate warms. These simulations deal only with recovery following TEF stabilization and do not address initial losses of C and nutrients during TEF formation. To capture the variability among and within TEFs, we simulate a range of post-stabilization conditions by varying the initial size of SOM pools and nutrient supply rates. This file contains the results for 100 years of tussock tundra recovery after a thermal erosion event. This simulation is of TEF recovery with increased P deposition compared to the base simulation. Data is presented for day 250 of each year.
Long term response of arctic tussock tundra to thermal erosion features: A modeling analysis. A 100 yr old thermal erosion event response to P fertilization.
The Multiple Element Limitation (MEL) model is used to simulate the recovery of Alaskan arctic tussock tundra to thermal erosion features (TEFs) caused by permafrost thaw and mass wasting. TEFs could be significant to regional carbon (C) and nutrient budgets because permafrost soils contain large stocks of soil organic matter (SOM) and TEFs are expected to become more frequent as climate warms. These simulations deal only with recovery following TEF stabilization and do not address initial losses of C and nutrients during TEF formation. To capture the variability among and within TEFs, we simulate a range of post-stabilization conditions by varying the initial size of SOM pools and nutrient supply rates. This file contains the results for a 100yr old TEF response to P fertilization over 25 years.
Long term response of arctic tussock tundra to thermal erosion features: A modeling analysis. A 100 yr old thermal erosion event response to NP fertilization.
The Multiple Element Limitation (MEL) model is used to simulate the recovery of Alaskan arctic tussock tundra to thermal erosion features (TEFs) caused by permafrost thaw and mass wasting. TEFs could be significant to regional carbon (C) and nutrient budgets because permafrost soils contain large stocks of soil organic matter (SOM) and TEFs are expected to become more frequent as climate warms. These simulations deal only with recovery following TEF stabilization and do not address initial losses of C and nutrients during TEF formation. To capture the variability among and within TEFs, we simulate a range of post-stabilization conditions by varying the initial size of SOM pools and nutrient supply rates. This file contains the results for a 100yr old TEF response to N and P fertilization over 25 years.
Long term response of arctic tussock tundra to thermal erosion features: A modeling analysis. A 100 yr old thermal erosion event response to N fertilization.
The Multiple Element Limitation (MEL) model is used to simulate the recovery of Alaskan arctic tussock tundra to thermal erosion features (TEFs) caused by permafrost thaw and mass wasting. TEFs could be significant to regional carbon (C) and nutrient budgets because permafrost soils contain large stocks of soil organic matter (SOM) and TEFs are expected to become more frequent as climate warms. These simulations deal only with recovery following TEF stabilization and do not address initial losses of C and nutrients during TEF formation. To capture the variability among and within TEFs, we simulate a range of post-stabilization conditions by varying the initial size of SOM pools and nutrient supply rates. This file contains the results for a 100yr old TEF response to N fertilization over 25 years.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.