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27 results for “Threshold response”
NGE01 Chronic Addition of Nitrogen Gradient Experiment (ChANGE): Assessing threshold responses of plant community composition and ecosystem processes at Konza Prairie
Chronic nutrient additions can lead to drastic shifts in the plant community through time, both within tallgrass prairie in other grassland ecosystems worldwide. Nutrient addition experiments have answered many questions about patterns of diversity loss and community shifts; however, the level of nutrients which must be added to cause community shifts is unknown. To date, all nitrogen (N) addition experiments at Konza have added 10 g m-2 (e.g., NutNet Plots; Phosphorus (P) Plots; Belowground Plots), yet current rates of N deposition are one-tenth of that level. Even predicted rates of future N deposition in grasslands are not expected to exceed 5 g m-2 by the year 2050 and will likely be around 2 g m-2 for most of the US. This mismatch begs the question will 10 g/m2 affect grasslands the same way 2 or 5 g m-2 will? There are two main goals for this long-term experiment (1) to identify the nutrient threshold needed to drive plant community change with nutrient additions, and (2) to determine what factors underlie those threshold responses (build up of nutrients, mycorrhizal loss, invertebrate herbivory). Konza ChANGE is part of a multi-site experiment spanning grasslands on two different continents: North America – tallgrass prairie (KNZ) and shortgrass steppe (SGS), and China – three sites in Inner Mongolia. By including multiple grasslands, we expand our ability to make generalizations about how grasslands are affected by N additions, and whether thresholds, if they exist, vary with precipitation, natural nutrient availability, and species identity/composition. Research Questions: (1) Do ecosystems have N tolerance thresholds above which community composition will change, and does that differ between grassland types (i.e. mesic and xeric grasslands)? (2) Does adding a large amount of nutrients in one season result in an equivalent community change as adding a small amount over multiple years? (For example does 5 g m-2 for 6 years create the same community change as
DATASET : Thresholds of fire response to moisture and fuel load differ between tropical savannas and grasslands across continents
<p><strong>Abstract </strong></p> <p><strong>Aim:</strong> An emerging framework for tropical ecosystems states that fire activity is either ‘<em>fuel build-up limited</em>’ or ‘<em>fuel moisture limited</em>’ i.e. as you move up along rainfall gradients, the major control on fire occurrence switches from being the amount of fuel, to the moisture content of the fuel. Here we used remotely sensed datasets to assess whether interannual variability of burned area is better explained by annual rainfall totals driving fuel build-up, or by dry season rainfall driving fuel moisture.</p> <p><strong>Location:</strong> Pantropical savannas and grasslands</p> <p><strong>Time period:</strong> 2002-2016</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> We explored the response of annual burned area to interannual variability in rainfall. We compared several linear models to understand how <em>fuel moisture </em>and <em>fuel build-up effect </em>(accumulated rainfall during 6 and 24 months prior to the end of the burning season respectively) determine the interannual variability of burned area and explore if tree cover, dry season duration and human activity modified these relationships.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> Fuel and moisture controls on fire occurrence in tropical savannas varied across continents. Only 24% of South American savannas were <em>fuel build-up limited</em> against 61% of Australian savannas and 47% of African savannas. On average, South America switched from fuel limited to moisture limited at 500 mm yr<sup>-1</sup>, Africa at 800 mm yr<sup>-1</sup> and Australia at 1000 mm yr<sup>-1 </sup>of mean annual rainfall.</p> <p><strong>Main conclusions:</strong> In 42% of tropical savannas (accounting for 41% of current area burned) increased drought and higher temperatures will not increase fire, but there are savannas, particularly in South America, that are likely to become more flammable with increasing temperatures. These findings highlight that we cannot transfer knowledge of fire responses to global change across ecosystems/regions – local solutions to local fire management issues are required, and different tropical savanna regions may show contrasting responses to the same drivers of global change.</p>
Main output data used in "Exploring the Greenland Ice Sheet's response to future atmospheric warming-threshold scenarios over 200 years" (Delhasse et al., 2025)
<p>Outputs used in:</p> <p>Delhasse, A., Kittel, C. and Beckmann, J.: Exploring the Greenland Ice Sheet's response to future atmospheric warming-threshold scenarios over 200 years, EGUsphere [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-709, 2025.</p> <p>Each MAR-PISM coupling experiment (1991-2200) is related to the Greenland warming over a 10-year period compared to our reference period (1961-1990) at which climate is stabilized until 2200. The last experiment is the Reverse one, where the climate is year by year reversed after 2100 to go back to 2000-climate as forcing in 2200, the last year of the simulation. Please refer to Delhasse et al. (2024) for the coupling description.</p> <div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <th> <p>Experiment </p> </th> <th> <p>Exact Greenland warming at 600hPa (°C)</p> </th> <th> <p>10-years period</p> </th> </tr> </tbody> <tbody> <tr> <td> <p>CTRL</p> </td> <td> <p>+0.00</p> </td> <td> <p>1961-1990</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>+1</p> </td> <td> <p>+1.04</p> </td> <td> <p>1995-2004</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>+1.5</p> </td> <td> <p>+1.51</p> </td> <td> <p>2010-2019</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>+2</p> </td> <td> <p>+2.04</p> </td> <td> <p>2021-2030</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>+3</p> </td> <td> <p>+2.98</p> </td> <td> <p>2040-2049</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>+4</p> </td> <td> <p>+4.04</p> </td> <td> <p>2058-2067</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>+5</p> </td> <td> <p>+5.00</p> </td> <td> <p>2074-2083</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>+6</p> </td> <td> <p>+5.96</p> </td> <td> <p>2083-2092</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>+7</p> </td> <td> <p>+6.85</p> </td> <td> <p>2091-2100</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <p><strong>Table 1. Greenland warmings at 600hPa since 1961-1990 used to define our experiments and the corresponding 10-years periods over which warmings are determined. </strong></p> <p>For each experiment, 3 types of output are available (where <em>EXP</em> corresponds to the name of the experiment as referenced in Table 1) : </p> <ul> <li> <p>EXP-PISM-thk-msk-1991-2200.nc: contain yearly ice thickness (THK) and ice mask (MASK) as simulated by PISM (PISM grid, 4.5 km);</p> </li> <li> <p>EXP-SMB-ME-RU-MAPI-CESM2-1991-2200.nc: contain yearly SMB (surface mass balance), ME (melt), and RU (runoff) on the MAR grid (25 km);</p> </li> <li> <p>EXP-ts-MB-D-SMB-1991-2200.nc: contain time series of the total MB (mass balance), D (discharge), and SMB (surface mass balance) integrated over the all ice sheet mask from PISM.</p> </li> </ul> <p>The MAR code used in this dataset is tagged as v3.11.3 on https://gitlab.com/Mar-Group/MARv3/-/tree/v3.11.3 (last access: 24 October 2024) (MARTeam, 2024). The PISM code used is tagged as PISMv1.2.2 on <a href="https://github.com/pism/pism/releases/tag/v1.2.2">https://github.com/pism/pism/releases/tag/v1.2.2</a> (last access: 24 October 2024).</p> <p>If you need other variables from MAR or PISM, send us an email (alison.delhasse@uliege.be) and we will be glad to help you. We will also be happy to share the scripts we have developed to analyze the outputs and make the figures in this paper if needed. Please cite the paper if you use these MAR-PISM outputs.<br><br><strong><em>Data usage notice:</em></strong></p> <p>If you use any of these results, please acknowledge the work of the people involved in producing them. Acknowledgments should be similar to the one below that contains information related to MAR and PISM. To document MAR scientific impact and enable ongoing support of the model, users are likely encouraged to contact me to add their works to the list of MAR-related publications. </p> <p>"We thank A. Delhasse, C. Kittel, and J. Beckmann, as well as the MAR and PISM teams which make available the model outputs. We also thank agencies (F.R.S - FNRS, CÉCI, and the Walloon Region) that provided computational resources for MAR-PISM simulations. "</p> <p>You should also refer to and cite the following paper in its latest version:</p> <p>Delhasse, A., Kittel, C. and Beckmann, J.: Exploring the Greenland Ice Sheet’s response to future warming-threshold scenarios over 200 years, [JOURNAL UNDER REVIEW], 2024.</p> <p><strong><em>References</em></strong></p> <p>Delhasse, A., Beckmann, J., Kittel, C., and Fettweis, X.: Coupling MAR (Modèle Atmosphérique Régional) with PISM (Parallel Ice Sheet Model) mitigates the positive melt–elevation feedback, The Cryosphere, 18, 633–651, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-633-2024, 2024.</p> <p>MARTeam: MARv3.11, GitLab [data set], <a href="https://gitlab.com/Mar-Group/MARv3">https://gitlab.com/Mar-Group/MARv3#</a> (last access: 24 October 2024), 2024.</p> <p> </p>
Thresholds and alternative states in neotropical dry forest in response to fire severity, 2005-2018
Neotropical xerophytic forest ecosystems evolved with fires that shaped their resilience to disturbance events. We asked if there is evidence for a fire severity threshold causing an abrupt transition from a forest to an alternative shrub thicket state in the presence of typical post-fire management. We studied a heterogeneous wildfire event to assess medium-term effects (11 years) of varying fire severity in a xerophytic Caldén forest (Prosopis caldenia) in La Pampa province, central Argentina. We conducted field vegetation surveys in patches that were exposed to low (LFS), medium (MFS), and high (HFS) fire severities, but had similar pre-fire woody canopy cover. Satellite images were used to quantify fire severity using a delta Normalized Burning Ratio (dNBR) and to map pre-fire canopy cover. The structure and composition of woody and herbaceous vegetation was measured during the 2017-18 growing season (September to March) in areas affected by different severities of the 2006 wildfire.
Data for: Thresholds of freshwater biodiversity in response to riparian vegetation loss in the Neotropical region
<p>These files contain all the data and R scripts used for analyses of the manuscript "Thresholds of freshwater biodiversity in response to riparian vegetation loss in the Neotropical region", published in Journal of Applied Ecology.</p> <p>See Metadata (README).xls file for a detailed description of these files.</p> <p>Dala-Corte RB, Melo AS, Siqueira T, et al. Thresholds of freshwater biodiversity in response to<br> riparian vegetation loss in the Neotropical region. J Appl Ecol. 2020;00:1–12. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.13657</p>
Marine plankton show threshold extinction response to Neogene climate change
<p>Taxonomic occurrence datasets to accompany the article entitled "Marine plankton show threshold extinction response to Neogene climate change." Spreadsheets contain International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) site information, sample names, depth in meters below the seafloor (mbsf), age (in millions of years), and the number of occurrences of each taxon per sample. For the eastern equatorial Pacific (EEP) dataset, ages were calculated using the astronomically-tuned model of Tian <em>et al.</em> (2018). Southern Ocean (SO) age information comes from the Neptune Sandbox Berlin (NSB) database (Renaudie <em>et al. </em>2020), with age model quality reported as: very good (VG), good (G), medium (M), or poor (P). Only species-level data associated with "very good" age models were analyzed in our study; however, here we provide all data at the species and genus level, with age models of any quality.</p>
Optimizing parameters for using the parallel auditory brainstem response (pABR) to quickly estimate hearing thresholds
<p><b>Objectives: </b>Timely assessments are critical to providing early intervention and better hearing and spoken language outcomes for children with hearing loss. To facilitate faster diagnostic hearing assessments in infants, the authors developed the parallel auditory brainstem response (pABR), which presents randomly timed trains of tone pips at five frequencies to each ear simultaneously. The pABR yields high-quality waveforms that are similar to the standard, single-frequency serial ABR but in a fraction of the recording time. While well-documented for standard ABRs, it is yet unknown how presentation rate and level interact to affect responses collected in parallel. Furthermore, the stimuli are yet to be calibrated to perceptual thresholds. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the optimal range of parameters for the pABR and to establish the normative stimulus level correction values for the ABR stimuli.</p> <p><b>Design: </b>Two experiments were completed, each with a group of 20 adults (18 – 35 years old) with normal hearing thresholds (≤ 20 dB HL) from 250 to 8000 Hz. First, pABR electroencephalographic (EEG) responses were recorded for six stimulation rates and two intensities. The changes in component wave V amplitude and latency were analyzed, as well as the time required for all responses to reach a criterion signal-to-noise ratio of 0 dB. Second, behavioral thresholds were measured for pure tones and for the pABR stimuli at each rate to determine the correction factors that relate the stimulus level in dB peSPL to perceptual thresholds in dB nHL.</p> <p><b>Results:</b> The pABR showed some adaptation with increased stimulation rate. A wide range of rates yielded robust responses in under 15 minutes, but 40 Hz was the optimal singular presentation rate. Extending the analysis window to include later components of the response offered further time-saving advantages for the temporally broader responses to low frequency tone pips. The perceptual thresholds to pABR stimuli changed subtly with rate, giving a relatively similar set of correction factors to convert the level of the pABR stimuli from dB peSPL to dB nHL.</p> <p><b>Conclusions: </b>The optimal stimulation rate for the pABR is 40 Hz, but using multiple rates may prove useful. Perceptual thresholds that subtly change across rate allow for a testing paradigm that easily transitions between rates, which may be useful for quickly estimating thresholds for different configurations of hearing loss. These optimized parameters facilitate expediency and effectiveness of the pABR to estimate hearing thresholds in a clinical setting.</p>
Runoff threshold responses in continental Boreal catchments: Nexus of sub-humid climate, low-relief, surficial geology and land cover
<p>Revision in journal Water Resources Research,Paper # 2023WR034752RR</p> <p>the publication doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2023WR034752">doi.org/10.1029/2023WR034752</a></p> <p>Abstract</p> <p>We examined annual runoff from 20 meso-scale catchments over 25 years, to elucidate how interactions between physiography and long-term weather patterns influence the magnitude of spatial-temporal thresholds in annual runoff responses in water-limited, low-relief, glaciated continental Boreal landscapes. Annual runoff ranged over two orders of magnitude (<3 to >300 mm) among catchments receiving similar annual precipitation. Threshold relationships were observed with cumulative regional moisture deficits that reflected spatial-temporal differences in effective storage and antecedent moisture among catchments with differing portions of glacial-deposit and land-cover types. The importance of the glacial-deposit texture and forest-peatland cover on runoff behavior among catchments varied with weather patterns and catchment antecedent moisture states. Dry states yielded low annual runoff that ranged by two orders of magnitude (0 to 80 mm), with higher values in catchments with predominantly coarse-textured deposits. During near normal antecedent moisture, annual runoff remained low (<10 mm) in catchments associated with fine-textured, hummocky landforms and deciduous forests. Annual runoff >10 mm was observed only in catchments with extensive peatlands. Infrequent wet states resulted in increased runoff in all catchments; however, ranges in maximum runoff were associated with heterogeneity in catchment landforms and land covers. Integrating cumulative precipitation with the proportion of glacial-deposit and land-cover types within catchments can: 1) represent water cycling and regional sink-source dynamics controlling runoff, and 2) provide an effective management framework for predicting climate and land-use impacts on regional runoff in water-limited, low-relief, glaciated landscapes such as the Boreal Plain.</p>
Optimizing parameters for using the parallel auditory brainstem response (pABR) to quickly estimate hearing thresholds
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Examining relationship between auditory brainstem responses, cognitive ability, and speech-in-noise perception among young adults with normal hearing thresholds
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Data from: Patterns and thresholds of grazing-induced changes in community structure and ecosystem functioning: species-level responses and the critical role of species traits
Overgrazing has resulted in widespread decline in biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in grasslands worldwide in recent decades. However, few studies have examined the patterns and thresholds of grazing-induced changes in community structure and ecosystem functioning along a grazing gradient and based on species-level responses and plant functional traits. To identify the thresholds of grazing intensity at both species and community levels, we conducted a grazing manipulation experiment with seven levels of grazing intensity (0–9 sheep ha-1) and two topographies (flat versus slope) in a typical steppe. Four plant functional traits were measured, including specific leaf area (SLA), plant height, leaf nitrogen content (LNC) and stem: leaf ratio (SLR). The threshold of grazing intensity that significantly altered community composition was at 3.75 sheep ha-1 for the flat system and 3.0 sheep ha-1 for the slope system. For both flat and slope systems, the threshold grazing intensity for changes in primary productivity was at 3.0 sheep ha-1, beyond which the productivity decreased substantially. At species level, the abundances of common species, most of which are perennial grasses, declined at moderate grazing intensities (3.0–4.5 sheep ha-1). The abundances of most rare species, which are perennial forbs, declined at low grazing intensities (1.5–3.0 sheep ha-1). Specific leaf area and leaf nitrogen content are good predictors of species-level responses to grazing. Low SLA and high LNC species are negatively affected by high grazing intensity, while high SLA and low LNC species are little affected by grazing. The negative effect of grazing intensity on species abundance was greater in the slope system than in the flat system. Synthesis and applications. Our results indicate that the structural and functioning thresholds of grazing intensity depend on plant traits and species composition, which is mediated by topographic location. These findings, integrating plant functional traits and threshold approaches, have important implications for determining sustainable grazing intensity in grassland management and biodiversity conservation in semi-arid regions.
Trajectories and thresholds of multi-diversities and multi-functions in response to nitrogen enrichment
<p><span>An ecosystem is composed by multiple biota across several trophic levels, which interactively perform multiple ecosystem functions. </span><span>Anthropogenic reactive nitrogen</span><span> is expected to alter these ecosystem attributes including biota diversities and ecosystem functions. </span><span>Here, </span><span>we find that five biota diversities differ substantially in response trajectory and threshold with increasing nitrogen amount, and so do the four examined functions. </span><span>Our study provides a vivid picture of how multi-biota diversities and multiple functions concurrently respond to nitrogen enrichment and suggests that the attribute-specific response trajectories and thresholds should be taken into account in models predicting ecosystem feedbacks to nitrogen deposition.</span></p>
Extreme temperatures help in identifying thresholds in phenological responses
<p>Aim: To investigate temperature drivers of the spring phenology of 12 flowering events and 6 leafing events. Boreal phenology has previously exhibited only a modest response to temperature but record breaking temperatures in March 2020 led to some extreme phenological timing and provided the opportunity for a more rigorous look at the nature and complexity of the relationship between temperature and phenology.</p> <p>Location: Boreal habitat in the Tatarstan Republic of Russia</p> <p>Time period: 1989-2020</p> <p>Major taxa studied: 18 plant species</p> <p>Methods: We examined for changes over time in the timing of phenological events and the relationship with temperature drivers using a range of regression techniques. Extreme temperatures caused some extreme phenology and visually suggested temperature thresholds which were investigated using segmented regression (broken stick models). The performance of these models was subsequently compared to more complex alternatives based on accumulated daily temperatures.</p> <p>Results: Temperatures in March 2020 were the warmest for this month in a record covering 200 years and were 5.9°C above the 1989-2020 average. Significant advances over time were detected for only seven of the events, but all events demonstrated significant relationships with temperature variables. Segmented regression identified significant temperature thresholds for 13 of the events with substantially stronger temperature relationships above these thresholds. Segmented regressions outperformed models based on accumulated daily temperatures for 12 of 18 events.</p> <p>Main conclusions: The threshold models were a significant improvement over a linear response to temperature for 13 of the 18 events. The presence of thresholds partly explains why the response of boreal phenology to temperature previously seemed lower than in, for example, Western Europe. Responses to temperature above the identified thresholds were closer to those widely published from milder locations.</p>
Data from: Patterns and thresholds of grazing-induced changes in community structure and ecosystem functioning: species-level responses and the critical role of species traits
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Extreme temperatures help in identifying thresholds in phenological responses
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The emergence of a collective sensory response threshold in ant colonies (data)
<p>This repository includes data, analysis code and simulations from the paper "The emergence of a collective sensory response threshold in ant colonies" by Gal and Kronauer.</p>
Threshold Response of Lumbar Selective Nerve Root Block in Predicting Good Outcome Following Lumbar Foraminotomy
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03801356. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Early microRNA responses in rodent liver mediated by furan exposure establish dose thresholds for later adverse outcomes
GEO Series GSE224206. Mus musculus. 24 samples. Type: Non-coding RNA profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Dual threshold optimization and network inference reveal convergent evidence from TF binding locations and TF perturbation responses
GEO Series GSE144657. Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 8 samples. Type: Genome binding/occupancy profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Drosophila melanogaster Show a Threshold Effect in Response to Radiation
GEO Series GSE47999. Drosophila melanogaster. 53 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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