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24 results for “Tiger Shark”
Video files linked in Coleman and Burge, "Association behavior between sand tiger sharks and round scad is driven by mesopredators"
<p>Videos referred to in the Results, Table 1, Figure 2, and Figure 3 of Coleman and Burge "Association behavior between sand tiger sharks and round scad is driven by mesopredators" are included here. Table S2 lists a description of each video (Descriptions), date (Date of occurrence) and time (Clock time of occurrence) of footage, a timing reference to the description within the video (video time), and a link to Youtube (Video reference) of the same footage. Note that file uploads for videos for views of the field site at Frying Pan Tower (in Materials and Methods and Table S2; <a href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLK1g13VpyT6oYUJL7U3hRPlt2U5L_mcKL">https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLK1g13VpyT6oYUJL7U3hRPlt2U5L_mcKL</a>) are not included with these uploads as no data or observations are derived from these videos.</p>
Figure 2 in Diet of the bull shark, Carcharhinus leucas, and the tiger shark, Galeocerdo cuvier, in the eastern Pacific Ocean
Figure 2. Trophic spectrum of the bull shark, Carcharhinus leucas, and tiger shark, Galeocerdo cuvier, in Ecuadorian waters.
Figure 1 in Diet of the bull shark, Carcharhinus leucas, and the tiger shark, Galeocerdo cuvier, in the eastern Pacific Ocean
Figure 1. Landing port of the bull shark, Carcharhinus leucas, and tiger shark, Galeocerdo cuvier, caught in Ecuadorian waters.
Copper and sand tiger shark distribution in the Southwest Atlantic
<p>This repository contains all neccesary data files to reproduce analyses in De Wysiecki et al. (Submitted).</p> <p>De Wysiecki AM, Barnett A, Cortés F, Sanchez-Carnero N, Milessi AC, Trobbiani GA & Jaureguizar AJ. Submitted. Utilizing global presence data to indirectly estimate the potential distribution of apex predators in a data-scarce region: a case study of copper and sand tiger sharks in the Southwest Atlantic.</p> <p>Analyses cannot be fully reproduced from scratch because a fraction of occurrences have confidentiality agreements in place and could not be released. However, models can be reproduced from the calibration step onward using this calibration data.</p> <p>Please contact me at <a href="mailto:agustindewy@gmail.com">agustindewy@gmail.com</a> if you have any questions.</p>
Data from: Probing the ecology and climate of the Eocene Southern Ocean with sand tiger sharks Striatolamia macrota
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Data from: Depth dependent dive kinematics suggest cost-efficient foraging strategies by tiger sharks
Tiger sharks Galeocerdo cuvier are a keystone, top-order predator that are assumed to engage in cost-efficient movement and foraging patterns. To investigate the extent to which patterns of oscillatory diving by these animals conform to these patterns, we used a biologging approach to model their cost of transport. High-resolution biologging tags with tri-axial sensors were deployed on 21 tiger sharks at Ningaloo Reef for durations of 5-48 hours. Using overall dynamic body acceleration (ODBA) as a proxy for energy expenditure, we modelled the cost of transport of oscillatory movements of varying geometries in both horizontal and vertical planes for tiger sharks. The cost of horizontal transport was minimized by descending at the lowest possible angle and ascending at an angle of 5-14°, meaning that vertical oscillations conserved energy compared to swimming at a level depth. Reduction of vertical travel costs occurred at steeper angles. The absolute dive angles of tiger sharks increased between inshore and offshore zones, presumably to reduce the cost of transport while continuously hunting for prey in both benthic and surface habitats. Oscillatory movements of tiger sharks conform to strategies of cost-efficient foraging, and shallow inshore habitats appear to be an important habitat for both hunting prey and conserving energy while travelling.
Evolution, diversity, and disparity of the tiger shark lineage Galeocerdo in deep time
<p>Sharks have a long and rich fossil record that consists predominantly of isolated teeth due to the poorly mineralized cartilaginous skeleton. Tiger sharks (<i>Galeocerdo</i>), which represent apex predators in modern oceans, have a known fossil record extending back into the early Eocene (ca. 56 Ma) and comprise 22 recognised extinct and one extant species to date. However, many of the fossil species remain dubious, resulting in a still unresolved evolutionary history of the tiger shark genus. Here, we present a revision of the fossil record of <i>Galeocerdo</i> by examining the morphological diversity and disparity of teeth in deep time. We use landmark-based geometric morphometrics to quantify tooth shapes and qualitative morphological characters for species discrimination. Employing this combined approach on fossil and extant tiger shark teeth, our results only support six species to represent valid taxa. Furthermore, the disparity analysis revealed that diversity and disparity are not implicitly correlated and that <i>Galeocerdo</i> retained a relatively high dental disparity since the Miocene despite its decrease from four to one species. With this study, we demonstrate that the combined approach of quantitative geometric morphometric techniques and qualitative morphological comparisons on isolated shark teeth provides a useful tool to distinguish between species with highly similar tooth morphologies.</p>
Data from: Extracting DNA from 'jaws': high yield and quality from archived tiger shark (Galeocerdo cuvier) skeletal material
Archived specimens are highly valuable sources of DNA for retrospective genetic/genomic analysis. However, often limited effort has been made to evaluate and optimize extraction methods, which may be crucial for downstream applications. Here, we assessed and optimized the usefulness of abundant archived skeletal material from sharks as a source of DNA for temporal genomic studies. Six different methods for DNA extraction, encompassing two different commercial kits and three different protocols, were applied to material, so-called bio-swarf, from contemporary and archived jaws and vertebrae of tiger sharks (Galeocerdo cuvier). Protocols were compared for DNA yield and quality using a qPCR approach. For jaw swarf, all methods provided relatively high DNA yield and quality, while large differences in yield between protocols were observed for vertebrae. Similar results were obtained from samples of white shark (Carcharodon carcharias). Application of the optimized methods to 38 museum and private angler trophy specimens dating back to 1912 yielded sufficient DNA for downstream genomic analysis for 68% of the samples. No clear relationships between age of samples, DNA quality and quantity were observed, likely reflecting different preparation and storage methods for the trophies. Trial sequencing of DNA capture genomic libraries using 20 000 baits revealed that a significant proportion of captured sequences were derived from tiger sharks. This study demonstrates that archived shark jaws and vertebrae are potential high-yield sources of DNA for genomic-scale analysis. It also highlights that even for similar tissue types, a careful evaluation of extraction protocols can vastly improve DNA yield.
Tiger Shark Jaw (NHMW-Zoo-FS 50080)
3D scan of a tiger shark jaw from the species *Galeocerdo cuvier*. Tiger sharks can grow up to 7.5 meters and weight up to 3 tons! This makes them one of the most powerful predators in the tropical and subtropical seas. These sharks prefer to stay near reefs, but can also dive to depth of up to 350 meters. This specific jaw is housed backstage, but another tiger shark jaw, alongside with other shark species, can be found in Hall 25 of the NHM Vienna. **Specimen:** *Galeocerdo cuvier* (Péron & Lesueur, 1822) **Inventory number:** NHMW-Zoo-FS 50080 **Collection:** Natural History Museum Vienna, 1st Zoological Dept., Fish Coll. (curator: Ernst Mikschi) Find out more about the NHM Vienna [here](http://www.nhm-wien.ac.at/en). Scanned and edited by Anna Haider (NHMW) Scanner: Artec Space Spider. Infrastructure funded by the FFG. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
FIGURE 3 in A new record of the rare Bigeye Sand Tiger shark Odontaspis noronhai Maul, 1955 (Lamniformes: Odontaspididae) from the northwestern Pacific, with notes on dentition
FIGURE 3. Photos of different teeth: (a) lateral view of the jaw (left side); (b) parasymphyseal teeth; (c) anterior teeth and lateral teeth (left side); (d) lateral teeth near posterior end (left side); (e) the third lateral tooth from the left upper jaw.
FIGURE 4 in A new record of the rare Bigeye Sand Tiger shark Odontaspis noronhai Maul, 1955 (Lamniformes: Odontaspididae) from the northwestern Pacific, with notes on dentition
FIGURE 4. Map showing all records of Odontaspis noronhai in the world, including the present study (red star), holotype (purple triangle) and others (blue star).
FIGURE 1 in A new record of the rare Bigeye Sand Tiger shark Odontaspis noronhai Maul, 1955 (Lamniformes: Odontaspididae) from the northwestern Pacific, with notes on dentition
FIGURE 1. Map showing the capture location (red star) of the Odontaspis noronhai specimen in present study.
Seagrass and tiger shark data
<p>Seagrass conservation is critical for mitigating climate change due to the large stocks of carbon they sequester in the seafloor. However, effective conservation and its potential to provide nature-based solutions to climate change is hindered by major uncertainties regarding seagrass extent and distribution. Here, we describe the characterization of the world's largest seagrass ecosystem, located in The Bahamas. We integrate existing spatial estimates with an updated empirical remote sensing product and perform extensive groundtruthing of the seafloor with 2,542 diver surveys across remote sensing tiles. We also leverage seafloor assessments and movement data obtained from instrument-equipped tiger sharks, which have strong fidelity to seagrass ecosystems, to augment and further validate predictions. We report a consensus area of at least 66,000 km<sup>2</sup> and up to 92,000 km<sup>2</sup> of seagrass habitat across The Bahamas Banks. Sediment core analysis of stored organic carbon further confirmed the global relevance of the blue carbon stock in this ecosystem. Data from tiger sharks proved important in supporting mapping and groundtruthing remote sensing estimates. This work provides evidence of major knowledge gaps in the ocean ecosystem, the benefits in partnering with marine animals to address these gaps, and underscores support for rapid protection of oceanic carbon sinks.</p>
Bait sets for Atlantic salmon, Atlantic cod and Tiger shark
<p>Bait sets for Atlantic salmon, Atlantic cod and Tiger Shark, in FASTA file format. Each line string starting with ">" corresponds to the name of the contig/chromosome/linkage group where the bait sequence is designed from, followed by the base pairs where the bait sequence starts and ends. For salmon/cod, we include 20 extra sequences for the Random regions.</p>
Genomic assessment of global population structure in a highly migratory and habitat versatile apex predator, the tiger shark (Galeocerdo cuvier)
<p>Understanding the population dynamics of highly mobile, widely distributed, oceanic sharks, many of which are overexploited, is necessary to aid their conservation management. We investigated the global population genomics of tiger sharks (<i>Galeocerdo cuvier</i>), a circumglobally distributed, apex predator displaying remarkable behavioral versatility in its diet, habitat use (near coastal, coral reef, pelagic), and individual movement patterns (spatially resident to long-distance migrations). We genotyped 242 tiger sharks from 10 globally distributed locations at more than 2000 single nucleotide polymorphisms. Although this species often conducts massive distance migrations, the data show strong genetic differentiation at both neutral (<i>F</i><sub>ST</sub>=0.125-0.144) and candidate outlier loci (<i>F</i><sub>ST</sub>=0.570-0.761) between western Atlantic and Indo-Pacific sharks, suggesting the potential for adaptation to the environments specific to these oceanic regions. Within these regions, there was mixed support for population differentiation between northern and southern hemispheres in the western Atlantic, and none for structure within the Indian Ocean. Notably, the results demonstrate a low level of population differentiation of tiger sharks from the remote Hawaiian archipelago compared to sharks from the Indian Ocean (<i>F</i><sub>ST</sub>=0.003-0.005, <i>P</i><0.01). Given concerns about biodiversity loss and marine ecosystem impacts caused by overfishing of oceanic sharks in the midst of rapid environmental change, our results suggest it imperative that international fishery management prioritize conservation of the evolutionary potential of the highly genetically differentiated Atlantic and Indo-Pacific populations of this unique apex predator. Furthermore, we suggest targeted management attention to tiger sharks in the Hawaiian archipelago based on a precautionary biodiversity conservation perspective.</p>
Data from: Genetic population structure and demography of an apex predator, the tiger shark Galeocerdo cuvier
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Data from: Extracting DNA from ‘jaws’: high yield and quality from archived tiger shark (Galeocerdo cuvier) skeletal material
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Data from: Depth dependent dive kinematics suggest cost-efficient foraging strategies by tiger sharks
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Seagrass and tiger shark data
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Evolution, diversity, and disparity of the tiger shark lineage Galeocerdo in deep time
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