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301 results for “Tillage”
Data for "Modelling soil carbon stocks following reduced tillage intensity: a framework to estimate decomposition rate constant modifiers for RothC-26.3, demonstrated in north-west Europe"
<p>Dataset of paired observations of conventional tillage (CT) with no tillage (NT) and reduced tillage (RT) from studies in temperate oceanic regions of Western Europe, extracted from a recent systematic review (Jordon et al. preprint, see DOI below).</p> <p>R code of modelling framework to estimate tillage rate modifiers (TRM) for simulating adoption of RT and NT using RothC-26.3, and meta-estimates of TRM across studies.</p>
Carbon emissions and economic assessment of farm operations under different tillage practices in organic rainfed almond orchards under semiarid Mediterranean conditions
<p>This dataset corresponds to yield, price and fuel consumption from organic rainfed almond orchards in SE Spain under different diversification and tillage practices. The objective is to carry out an integrated environmental (focused on the CO<sub>2</sub> emissions) and economic assessment of farm operations under different diversification and tillage practices through a cradle-to-farm gate life cycle assessment (LCA) based on these data.</p> <p>These data correspond to the open-access article " Carbon emissions and economic assessment of farm operations under different tillage practices in organic rainfed almond orchards under semiarid Mediterranean conditions" published in Scientia Horticulturae. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2019.108978), funded by the European Commission Horizon 2020 project Diverfarming [grant agreement 728003].</p>
Dataset used in "Deep learning with multisite data reveals the lasting effects of soil type, tillage and vegetation history on biopore genesis"
<p>Please see the paper "Deep learning with multisite data reveals the lasting effects of soil type, tillage and vegetation history on biopore genesis" how the images were captured, manual counting was performed, training datasets were prepared and models were trained.</p>
Data for Deines, Wang, & Lobell 2019 analysis on tillage and yields
<p>Data needed to reproduce the original analyses and figures from Deines et al. 2019 "Satellites reveal a small positive yield effect from conservation tillage across the US Corn Belt" (https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab503b) can be found in the zipped `data` folder.</p> <p>This includes the field-level samples derived from the input annual tillage and yield map datasets, along with associated covariates. Due to privacy concerns, field locations are reported by county only (latitude and longitude have been removed), and the input map datasets are not publicly available but may obtained from their sources upon reasonable request.</p> <p>Unzipped file is ~11.3 gb; data is provided in a zipped folder to preserve file structure for best use with associated code repository located at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3525359">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3525359.</a></p>
Figure 3 in Organic farming and moderate tillage change the dominance and spatial structure of soil Collembola communities but have little effects on bulk abundance and species richness
Figure 3. Abundance, number of species and Berger-Parker index in samples in different management types and fields. Colors show fields. Boxplots show data distribution (n = 81 per field), horizontal lines represent the medians.
Earthworms as health indicators in no-tillage and no-tillage agroecosystems
<p>A database was created from a systematic search in SciELO, Web of Science, Science Direct and Scopus using the following keywords in english and portuguese: ‘earthworm*’ OR ‘oligochaeta’ OR ‘minhoca*’ AND ‘no-tillage’ OR ‘no-tillage system*’ OR ‘conservation agriculture’ OR ‘plantio direto’ OR ‘semeadura direta’ OR ‘agricultura conservacionista’ OR ‘sistema conservacionista’ AND ‘Paraná’. For dissertations and theses that addressed the topic in the region of Paraná, we used the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações -BDTD). The period evaluated was from sampling dates ranging from 1981 to 2020, being the published dates of the works from 1986 (Voss, 1986; Derpsch et al.1986) to 2023 (Bartz et al. 2023; Dudas et al. 2023). </p> <p>Data were extracted from 23 publications and compiled into an excel file. The database contains information on 29 municipalities, their geopolitical region (IBGE, 2010), and climate (Köppen, 1931). Paraná is divided into 10 geopolitical mesoregions - West (WE), Northwest (NW), Center West (CW), Center North (CN), North Pioneer (NP), Center East (CE), Metropolitan (MT), Center South (CS), Southeast (SE) and Southwest (SW) (IBGE, 2010). </p> <p>Earthworm data are presented as species found, their abundance (ind m-2), biomass (g m-2) and species richness (total number). The abundance and richness of earthworms can be used as an indicator of NT/NTS quality, and Bartz et al. (2013) proposed the following classification for the abundance data: poor quality <25 ind m-2, moderate 25 to 100 ind m-2, good 100 to 200 ind m-2 and excellent quality >200 ind m-2. For richness: poor 1 species, moderate 2-3 species, good 3-4 species and excellent >6 species. However, after analyzing the 181 sites included in this dataset together with the database by Nadolny et al. (2020), we proposed new values for each category and including a new one based on: mean, standard deviation, standard error and confidence intervals. The new classification for abundance and species richness is: <25 ind m-2 = poor, ≥25-<75 ind m-2 = moderate, ≥75-<125 ind m-2 = good, ≥125-<175 ind m-2 = very good and ≥175 ind m-2 = excellent. And for earthworm richness: <1 species = poor, 1- 3 species = moderate, 3-5 species = good, 5-7 species = very good and >7 species = excellent.</p> <p>In the database, each class is represented by a different color, using a gradient for the worst to the best quality sites. Thus, red = poor, dark orange = moderate, yellow = good, light green = very good, and dark green = excellent.</p> <p>For the earthworm species, the following information is provided: ecological category (anecic, epigeic, endogeic, polyhumic endogeic, mesohumic endogeic; according to Bouché, 1977), origin (native or exotic), author(s) and years of the species description, collection site, climate, region and the sampling method.</p> <p>The methods considered were: Quantitative, including handsorting of soil using the standard Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility (identified as TSBF in the spreadsheet) method of monoliths 25 x 25 cm square at depths ranging from 10 to 40 cm (Anderson and Ingram, 1993), as well as other monolith dimensions like 20 x 20, 40 x 40 and 50 x 50 cm (identified as Handsorting in the spreadsheet). Qualitative method, including collecting in various niches like deeper soil layers, litter, under rocks, in and under rotting logs, next to water bodies like streams, lakes and swamps (Bartz et al. 2013) Finally, chemical extraction using a diluted formalin solution (usually over an area 50x50 cm) according to ISO 23611-1 (2017).</p> <p>The sites were divided in No-tillage (NT), or No-tillage system (NTS) based on site history and soil management information. For the areas under NTS, we classified the phases according to Sá et al. (2004; 2010), being the initial phase corresponding to the first five years of NTS, the transition phase from six to 10 years, consolidation from 11 to 20 years and older than 20 years as the maintenance phase.</p> <p>The soil chemical and physical data were included in the database, when performed in the same site as the earthworm sampling. Chemical data included pH in water, CEC, P and C, and physical data included sand and clay.</p> <p>All data are provided in excel format and include four tabs: Legend, Earthworms + environment, Species distribution and References. The Legend tab provides a description of the data presented in each of the other tabs. Earthworms + environment has information on earthworm abundance, biomass and richness in relation to the site location, quality, year, crop year, time and date of sampling, NT or NTS site and NTS phase. The Species distribution tab provides information on the species found, place of origin, author, year, ecological category and sampling method. And the References tab lists the studies/publications used to extract the data presented in the other tabs.</p> <p> </p>
How Tillage and Crop Rotation Change the Distribution Pattern of Fungi. - Dataset
<p>In this section you can find the raw sequences and the metadata associated to the paper: Orrù, L., Canfora, L., Trinchera, A., Migliore, M., Pennelli, B., Marcucci, A., Farina, R., Pinzari, F. (2021). How tillage and crop rotation change the distribution pattern of fungi. published in <em>Frontiers in Microbiology</em>, <em>12</em>, 1469</p>
Figure 4 in Relative abundance of oribatid mites (Sarcoptiformes: Oribatida) in two tillage systems of irrigated and rain-fed wheat farms of Khodabandeh County, Iran
Figure 4. Means comparison of shannon-wiener index of oribatid mites in four systems (Different letters on the top of the bars indicate significant difference at P <0.05 by Student Newman-Keuls test).
Figure 3 in Relative abundance of oribatid mites (Sarcoptiformes: Oribatida) in two tillage systems of irrigated and rain-fed wheat farms of Khodabandeh County, Iran
Figure 3. Means comparison of diversity of oribatid mites in sampling times (Different letters on the top of the bars indicate significant difference at P <0.05 by Student Newman-Keuls test).
Figure 2 in Relative abundance of oribatid mites (Sarcoptiformes: Oribatida) in two tillage systems of irrigated and rain-fed wheat farms of Khodabandeh County, Iran
Figure 2. Means comparison of species richness of oribatid mites in four systems (Different letters on the top of the bars indicate significant difference at P <0.05 by Student Newman.
Figure 1 in Relative abundance of oribatid mites (Sarcoptiformes: Oribatida) in two tillage systems of irrigated and rain-fed wheat farms of Khodabandeh County, Iran
Figure 1. Means comparison of species richness of oribatid mites in sampling times (Different letters on the top of the bars indicate significant difference at P <0.05 by Student Newman–Keuls test).
Daily soil water content under different tillage techniques in Józsefmajor Experimental and Training Farm, Hungary
<p>Continous soil water content monitoring of a Central European chernozem type soil under mouldboard ploughing (MP) and no-tillage (NT) treatments</p> <p>Measurement frequency was 10 minutes, aggragated daily mean data are presented.</p> <p>Sampling depths: 5-10, 15-20, 30-35, 40-45 cm</p> <p><strong>Site description:</strong> Józsefmajor Experimental and Training Farm's long-term tillage experiment (Hungary, 47.688, 19.605).</p> <p>crop rotation, adaptable fertilization, Haplic Kastanozem (Aric, Pantoloamic, Pachic, Bathycalcic) soil type,</p> <p> </p>
Data from: Strategic tillage of no-till decreased surface and subsurface losses of dissolved phosphorus
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Initial nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide, and methane costs of converting conservation reserve program grassland to row crops under no-till vs. conventional tillage
Around 4.4 million ha of land in USDA Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) contracts will expire between 2013 and 2018 and some will likely return to crop production. No-till (NT) management offers the potential to reduce the global warming costs of CO2 , CH4 , and N2 O emissions during CRP conversion, but to date there have been no CRP conversion tillage comparisons. In 2009, we converted portions of three 9-21 ha CRP fields in Michigan to conventional tillage (CT) or NT soybean production and reserved a fourth field for reference. Both CO2 and N2 O fluxes increased following herbicide application in all converted fields, but in the CT treatment substantial and immediate N2 O and CO2 fluxes occurred after tillage. For the initial 201-day conversion period, average daily N2 O fluxes (g N2 O-N ha-1 d-1 ) were significantly different in the order: CT (47.5 ± 6.31, n = 6) ≫ NT (16.7 ± 2.45, n = 6) ≫ reference (2.51 ± 0.73, n = 4). Similarly, soil CO2 fluxes in CT were 1.2 times those in NT and 3.1 times those in the unconverted CRP reference field. All treatments were minor sinks for CH4 (-0.69 ± 0.42 to -1.86 ± 0.37 g CH4 -C ha-1 d-1 ) with no significant differences among treatments. The positive global warming impact (GWI) of converted soybean fields under both CT (11.5 Mg CO2 e ha-1 ) and NT (2.87 Mg CO2 e ha-1 ) was in contrast to the negative GWI of the unconverted reference field (-3.5 Mg CO2 e ha-1 ) with on-going greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation. N2 O contributed 39.3% and 55.0% of the GWI under CT and NT systems with the remainder contributed by CO2 (60.7% and 45.0%, respectively). Including foregone mitigation, we conclude that NT management can reduce GHG costs by ~60% compared to CT during initial CRP conversion.
Data for "Can Regenerative Agriculture increase national soil carbon stocks? Simulated country-scale adoption of reduced tillage, cover cropping, and ley-arable integration using RothC"
<p>R code and supplementary data for soil carbon simulations: "<em>Can Regenerative Agriculture increase national soil carbon stocks? Simulated country-scale adoption of reduced tillage, cover cropping, and ley-arable integration using RothC-26.3</em>"</p>
Data supporting "A multivariate approach to evaluate reduced tillage systems and cover crop sustainability"
<p>Data supporting "A multivariate approach to evaluate reduced tillage systems and cover crop sustainability" by Sartori et al. (2022) Land, 11, 55. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/land11010055</p>
Data from: Loamy sand soil approaches organic carbon saturation after 37 years of conservation tillage
<p>This is digital research data corresponding to a published manuscript, Loamy sand soil approaches organic carbon saturation after 37 years of conservation tillage. Conservation tillage is reported to increase soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) contents, but long-term (>30 yr) field results quantifying the responses in Coastal Plain Ultisols are sparse. The distribution, accumulation, and topsoil storage of SOC and TN after 37 yr of crop production using conventional (CvT) or conservation tillage (CnT) on a Norfolk loamy sand (fine-loamy, kaolinitic, thermic, Typic Kandiudults) were quantified. Soil samples were collected annually from the 0−5-, 5−10-, and 10−15-cm depth increments beneath corn (Zea mays L.), soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) crops.</p>
Data from: 42 years of no-tillage and cover cropping improved soil oxygen availability and resilience
<p>Healthy soil air-water balance is critical for crop growth. Conservation agricultural practices improve soil physical properties to influence soil oxygen availability. We evaluated the impact of 42 years of hairy vetch (HV) cover cropping (CC) and no-tillage (NT) on soil oxygen dynamics during a cotton growing season experiencing multiple intensive rain events in silt loam soil. HV and NT treatments exhibited higher growing season soil oxygen availability (<em>p </em>< 0.05), and experienced 3 to 4 times fewer hours of oxygen limitation (i.e., oxygen concentration <10%) as compared to no cover (NC) and conventional tillage (CT) treatments. After heavy rainfall, NT-HV treatment exhibited the highest soil oxygen availability, followed by NT-NC, CT-HV, and CT-NC treatments (<em>p </em>< 0.05). While CC and/or NT treatments quickly regained soil oxygen status within 24 hours after saturating rain events, CT-NC suffered from sub-optimal soil aeration until the third day post-rainfall. The combination of CC with NT practices enhanced soil oxygen availability and resilience to extreme precipitation events.</p>
Soil properties and crop yield in fruit orchards under Mediterranean conditions in terms of intercropping, tillage and fertilizer type
<p>This data set contains a data-mining performed to assess the impact of intercropping, tillage and fertilizer type on soil and crop yield in fruit orchards under Mediterranean conditions by a further meta-analysis of the data. </p> <p>These data correspond to the open-access article "The impact of intercropping, tillage and fertilizer type on soil and crop yield in fruit orchards under Mediterranean conditions: A meta-analysis of field studies" published in Agricultural Systems. (<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2019.102736">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2019.102736</a>), funded by he European Commission Horizon 2020 project Diverfarming [grant agreement 728003]. Raúl Zornoza acknowledges the financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities through the “Ramón y Cajal” Program [RYC-2015-18758].. </p> <p> </p>
Tillage agriculture and afforestation threaten tropical savanna plant communities across a broad rainfall gradient in India
<p>The consequences of land-use change for savanna biodiversity remain undocumented in most regions of tropical Asia. One such region is western Maharashtra, India, where old-growth savannas occupy a broad rainfall gradient and are increasingly rare due to agricultural conversion and afforestation.</p> <p>To understand the consequences of land-use change, we sampled herbaceous plant communities of old-growth savannas and three alternative land-use types: tree plantations, tillage agriculture, and agricultural fallows (<em>n</em>=15 sites per type). Study sites spanned 457 to 1954 mm of mean annual precipitation—corresponding to the typical rainfall range of mesic savannas globally.</p> <p>Across the rainfall gradient, we found consistent declines in old-growth savanna plant communities due to land-use change. Local-scale native species richness dropped from a mean of 12 species/m<sup>2</sup> in old-growth savannas to 8, 6, and 3 species/m<sup>2</sup> in tree plantations, fallows, and tillage agriculture, respectively. Cover of native plants declined from a mean of 49% in old-growth savannas to 27% in both tree plantations and fallows, and 4% in tillage agriculture. Reductions in native cover coincided with increased cover of invasive species in tree plantations (18%), fallows (18%), and tillage agriculture (3%).</p> <p>In analyses of community composition, tillage agriculture was most dissimilar to old-growth savannas, while tree plantations and fallows showed intermediate dissimilarity. These compositional changes were driven partly by the loss of characteristic savanna species: 65 species recorded in old-growth savannas were absent in other land uses. Indicator analysis revealed 21 old-growth species, comprised mostly of native savanna specialists. Indicators of tree plantations (9 species) and fallows (13 species) were both invasive and native species, while the 2 indicators of tillage agriculture were invasive. As reflective of declines in savanna communities, mean native perennial graminoid cover of 27% in old-growth savannas dropped to 9%, 7%, and 0.1% in tree plantations, fallows, and tillage agriculture, respectively.</p> <p><strong>Synthesis</strong>: Agricultural conversion and afforestation of old-growth savannas in India destroys and degrades herbaceous plant communities that do not spontaneously recover on fallowed land. Efforts to conserve India's native biodiversity should encompass the country's widespread savanna biome and seek to limit conversion of irreplaceable old-growth savannas.</p>
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