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10 results for “Toxomerus”
Data from: A second New World hover fly, Toxomerus floralis (Fabricius) (Diptera: Syrphidae), recorded from the Old World, with description of larval pollen-feeding ecology
Recently (2013–2014), several hoverfly specimens from two localities in Benin and Cameroon (West and Central Africa) were caught from a species that we could not identify using existing identification keys for Afrotropical Syrphidae. Specific identification as Toxomerus floralis (Fabricius) was accomplished using morphology and various Neotropical identification keys. Corroboration of this identification was made by sequencing of the standard COI barcode region and a subsequent BLAST-IDS in BOLD that revealed a 100% sequence similarity with Toxomerus floralis from Suriname (South America). Species identification was further supported by sequencing parts of the nuclear 18S and 28S rRNA genes. The species is widespread in Togo, Benin, Nigeria and Cameroon, and eggs, larvae and adults are abundant at several localities. Yet, the full extent of its geographic distribution within tropical Africa remains to be determined. This is only the second known established introduction of a non-African hoverfly species in the Afrotropics. Interestingly, the larvae of the species have been reported as predators of Aphididae and Delphacidae but we found them to be pollenivorous, which is a rare feeding mode within the subfamily Syrphinae. Moreover, it is the only known Syrphinae species of which the larvae feed on pollen from two plant species from different families (Cyperaceae and Orobranchaceae). This example illustrates how DNA barcoding may allow a fast and accurate identification of introduced species.
Figure 5 in Pollen feeding larvae in the presumed predatory syrphine genus Toxomerus Macquart (Diptera, Syrphidae)
Figure 5. Larva of Toxomerus apegiensis. (A) Habitus, lateral view, head to the left; (B) head and prothorax, ventral (and slightly lateral) view, with parts of the underlying head skeleton drawn in dotted lines; (C) posterior breathing organs, apical view; (D) head skeleton, lateral view.
Figure 2 in Pollen feeding larvae in the presumed predatory syrphine genus Toxomerus Macquart (Diptera, Syrphidae)
Figure 2. Panicle of Olyra obliquifolia, with four female spikelets on top (A) and many male spikelets on the lower part (B). Both larvae and adults of Toxomerus apegiensis could be found on the male spikelets. Scale bar: 1 cm.
Figure 4 in Pollen feeding larvae in the presumed predatory syrphine genus Toxomerus Macquart (Diptera, Syrphidae)
Figure 4. Full-grown larva of Toxomerus apegiensis after emptying its gut contents. Its body colour has changed from pale yellow to greenish.
Figure 8 in Pollen feeding larvae in the presumed predatory syrphine genus Toxomerus Macquart (Diptera, Syrphidae)
Figure 8. Larva of Toxomerus politus. (A) Habitus, lateral view, head to the left; (B) head and prothorax, ventral view; (C) posterior breathing organs, apical view; (D) head skeleton, lateral view.
Figure 3 in Pollen feeding larvae in the presumed predatory syrphine genus Toxomerus Macquart (Diptera, Syrphidae)
Figure 3. Young larva of Toxomerus apegiensis moving along the male spikelets of Olyra obliquifolia. Its pale yellow gut contents can be seen shining through its somewhat translucent body.
Data from: A second New World hover fly, Toxomerus floralis (Fabricius) (Diptera: Syrphidae), recorded from the Old World, with description of larval pollen-feeding ecology
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Figure 1 in Pollen feeding larvae in the presumed predatory syrphine genus Toxomerus Macquart (Diptera, Syrphidae)
Figure 1. Branch of Olyra obliquifolia (Suriname, Brownsberg, 1 April 2006).
Figures 16-29 from: Mengual X (2011) Black-tie dress code: two new species of the genus Toxomerus (Diptera, Syrphidae). ZooKeys 140: 1-26. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.140.1930
Figures 16-29 - 16 Toxomerus picudus, lateral 17 Toxomerus picudus, dorsal 18 Toxomerus hauseri, lateral 19 Toxomerus hauseri, dorsal 20 Toxomerus hauseri, head, frontal 21 Toxomerus picudus, head, frontal 22 Toxomerus hieroglyphicus, head, lateral 23 Toxomerus picudus, head, lateral 24 Toxomerus nitidus, thorax, lateral 25 Toxomerus laenas, thorax, lateral 26 Toxomerus paragrammus, abdomen, dorsal 27 Toxomerus incaicus, abdomen, dorsal 28 Toxomerus circumcinctus, male genitalia, 9th tergum and associated structures: a dorsal b lateral 29 Toxomerus anthrax, male genitalia, 9th tergum and associated structures: a dorsal b lateral.
Figures 1-15 from: Mengual X (2011) Black-tie dress code: two new species of the genus Toxomerus (Diptera, Syrphidae). ZooKeys 140: 1-26. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.140.1930
Figures 1-15 - 1–8 Toxomerus dispar: 1 Abdomen of pale male, dorsal 2 Abdomen of dark male, dorsal 3 Abdomen of very dark male, dorsal 4 Abdomen of dark female, dorsal 5 Abdomen of very dark male, dorsal 6 wing 7 Female genitalia: a dorsal, b ventral 8 Male genitalia, 9th tergum and associated structures: a dorsal b lateral 9 Toxomerus nitidus, abdomen of female, dorsal 10 Toxomerus flaviplurus, abdomen of female, dorsal 11 Toxomerus hieroglyphicus, abdomen of male, dorsal 12 Toxomerus laenas, abdomen of male, dorsal 13 Toxomerus sp. 1, thorax, lateral 14 Toxomerus flaviplurus, thorax, lateral 15 Toxomerus anthrax, thorax, lateral (Figs 1, 2, 4, 6, 7 and 8 from Thompson 1981; Figs 9–15 from Hull 1943).
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