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20 results for “Transgenerational Adaptation”
Data from: Adaptive responses and transgenerational plasticity of a submerged plant to benthivorous fish disturbance
<p>Benthivorous fish dominance in some subtropical lakes may alter submerged plant growth, reproduction, and progeny germination by changing water-submerged plant-algae interactions. We conducted mesocosm experiments to examine the effects of three densities of benthivorous fish, <em>Misgurnus anguillicaudatus</em>, on the water properties, the growth, asexual reproduction, and the germination of turions of <em>Potamogeton crispus</em> L.</p> <p>The dataset includes water environment characteristics, macrophyte traits, algae traits, and sediment nutrient characteristics. Macrophyte traits include morphological, stoichiometric, turion traits, and germination traits.</p>
Transgenerational effects of mycorrhiza are stronger in sexual than in clonal offspring of Fragaria vesca and are partly adaptive (dataset)
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Within-generation and transgenerational social plasticity interact during rapid adaptive evolution
<p>The effects of within-generation plasticity versus transgenerational plasticity on trait expression are poorly understood, but important for evaluating plasticity's evolutionary consequences. We tested how genetics, within-generation plasticity, and transgenerational plasticity jointly shape traits influencing rapid evolution in the field cricket <em>Teleogryllus oceanicus</em>. In Hawaiian populations attacked by acoustically-orienting parasitoid flies, a protective, X-linked variant ("<em>flatwing</em>") eliminates male acoustic sexual signals. Silent males rapidly spread to fixation, dramatically changing the acoustic environment. First, we found evidence supporting <em>flatwing</em>-associated pleiotropy in juveniles: pure-breeding <em>flatwing</em> males and females exhibit greater locomotion than those with <em>normal-wing</em> genotypes. Second, within-generation plasticity caused homozygous-<em>flatwing</em> females developing in silence, which mimics all-<em>flatwing</em> populations, to attain lower adult body condition and reproductive investment than those experimentally exposed to song. Third, maternal song exposure caused transgenerational plasticity in offspring, affecting adult, but not juvenile, size, condition, and reproductive investment. This contrasted with behavioral traits, which were only influenced by within-generation plasticity. Fourth, we matched and mismatched maternal and offspring social environments and found that transgenerational plasticity sometimes interacted with within-generation plasticity and sometimes opposed it. Our findings stress the importance of evaluating the plasticity of different traits and stages across generations when evaluating their fitness consequences and role in adaptation.</p>
Within-generation and transgenerational social plasticity interact during rapid adaptive evolution
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Data from: Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance increases trait variation but is not adaptive
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Data from: Adaptive responses and transgenerational plasticity of a submerged plant to benthivorous fish disturbance
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Data from : Environmental predictability drives adaptive within- and transgenerational plasticity of heat tolerance across life stages and climatic regions
<p>Although environmental variability and predictability have been proposed as the underlying ecological context in which transgenerational plasticity (<i>TGP</i>) arises, the adaptive significance and interaction with within-generation plasticity (<i>WGP</i>) in such scenarios is still poorly understood. In order to investigate these questions, we considered the tolerance to upper thermal limits of larvae and adults of the desert endemic <i>Drosophila mojavensis </i>adapted to different climatic regions (Desert vs Mediterranean climate). Thermal plasticity was investigated by acclimating parents and offspring at 36°C (versus at 25°C). We then used historical temperature variation data from both regions to perform individual-based simulations by modeling expected components of adaptive plasticity in multiple life stages. Thermal response to ramping heat shocks was more pronounced in larvae, where acclimation treatments in parents and offspring increased their heat-shock performance, while heat knockdown in adults was only increased by offspring acclimation of adults. The relative contribution of <i>WGP</i> and <i>TGP</i> was greater for the population from the more thermally variable Sonoran Desert. Similarly, individual-based simulations of evolving maternal effects indicated that variation in tolerance to upper thermal limits across life stages and climates is expected from its adaptive significance in response to environmental predictability. Our approach offers a new perspective and interpretation of adaptive plasticity, demonstrating that environmental predictability can drive thermal responses across generations and life stages in a scenario with regional climate variability.</p>
Data from: Adaptive maternal behavioral plasticity and developmental programming mitigate the transgenerational effects of temperature in dung beetles
Phenotypic plasticity allows organisms to cope with rapid environmental change. Yet exactly when during ontogeny plastic responses are elicited, whether plastic responses produced in one generation influence phenotypic variation and fitness in subsequent generations, and the role of plasticity in shaping population divergences, remains overall poorly understood. Here, we use the dung beetle <i>Onthophagus taurus</i> to assess plastic responses to temperature at several life stages bridging three generations and compare these responses across three recently diverged populations. We find that beetles reared at hotter temperatures grow less than those reared at mild temperatures, and that this attenuated growth has transgenerational consequences by reducing offspring size and survival in subsequent generations. However, we also find evidence that plasticity may mitigate these consequences in two ways: (i) mothers modify the temperature of their offspring's developmental environment via behavioral plasticity and (ii) in one population, offspring exhibit accelerated growth when exposed to hot temperatures during very early development ("developmental programming"). Lastly, our study reveals that offspring responses to temperature diverged among populations in fewer than 100 generations, possibly in response to range-specific changes in climatic or social conditions.
Transgenerational plasticity and the capacity to adapt to low salinity in the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica
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Data from: Evolution, not transgenerational plasticity, explains the adaptive divergence of acorn ant thermal tolerance across an urban-rural temperature cline
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Data from: Adaptive maternal behavioral plasticity and developmental programming mitigate the transgenerational effects of temperature in dung beetles
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Data from : Environmental predictability drives adaptive within- and transgenerational plasticity of heat tolerance across life stages and climatic regions
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Data from: Local adaptation in transgenerational responses to predators
Environmental signals can induce phenotypic changes that span multiple generations. Along with phenotypic responses that occur during development (i.e., 'within-generation' plasticity), such 'transgenerational plasticity' (TGP) has been documented in a diverse array of taxa spanning many environmental perturbations. New theory predicts that temporal stability is a key driver of the evolution of TGP. We tested this prediction using natural populations of zooplankton from lakes in Connecticut that span a large gradient in the temporal dynamics of predator-induced mortality. We reared >120 clones of Daphnia ambigua from 9 lakes for multiple generations in the presence/absence of predator cues. We found that temporal variation in mortality selects for within-generation plasticity while consistently strong (or weak) mortality selects for increased transgenerational plasticity. Such results provide the first evidence for local adaptation in TGP and argue that divergent ecological conditions select for phenotypic responses within and across generations.
Data from: DNA methylation mediates genetic variation for adaptive transgenerational plasticity
Environmental stresses experienced by individual parents can influence offspring phenotypes in ways that enhance survival under similar conditions. Although such adaptive transgenerational plasticity is well documented, its transmission mechanisms are generally unknown. One possible mechanism is environmentally induced DNA methylation changes. We tested this hypothesis in the annual plant Polygonum persicaria, a species known to express adaptive transgenerational plasticity in response to parental drought stress. Replicate plants of 12 genetic lines (sampled from natural populations) were grown in dry versus moist soil. Their offspring were exposed to the demethylating agent zebularine or to control conditions during germination and then grown in dry soil. Under control germination conditions, the offspring of drought-stressed parents grew longer root systems and attained greater biomass compared with offspring of well-watered parents of the same genetic lines. Demethylation removed these adaptive developmental effects of parental drought, but did not significantly alter phenotypic expression in offspring of well-watered parents. The effect of demethylation on the expression of the parental drought effect varied among genetic lines. Differential seed provisioning did not contribute to the effect of parental drought on offspring phenotypes. These results demonstrate that DNA methylation can mediate adaptive, genotype-specific effects of parental stress on offspring phenotypes.
Data from: The evolution of epigenetically-mediated adaptive transgenerational plasticity in a subdivided population
Transgenerational plasticity (TGP) occurs when offspring exhibit plasticity in traits induced by the environments experienced by their parents, and represents a non-genetic mechanism of inheritance. Evidence that traits can be transmitted to future generations by means other than genetic inheritance has caused a surge of interest in epigenetic inheritance, but evidence for epigenetic modifications being both adaptive and heritable remains scarce. What features would make a species most prone to evolve a system of epigenetically-mediated adaptive TGP? Here we use population-genetic models modified to include epigenetic induction and inheritance to investigate if and when epigenetically-mediated adaptive TGP would be expected to evolve for a population subdivided between two habitats connected by migration. We show that differences in the direction of selection between the two habitats drives the evolution of epigenetically-mediated adaptive TGP. With low migration, the strength of indirect selection in favour of epigenetically-mediated adaptive TGP increases with migration rate. Yet, with higher migration, the opposite trend is observed. We predict that species subdivided between habitats that differ in the direction of selection with moderate migration rates between the habitats would be most likely to evolve epigenetically-mediated adaptive TGP if costs of producing such systems are not too high.
Data from: DNA methylation mediates genetic variation for adaptive transgenerational plasticity
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Data from: Local adaptation in transgenerational responses to predators
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Data from: The evolution of epigenetically-mediated adaptive transgenerational plasticity in a subdivided population
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Transgenerational Adaptation to Hypoxia
GEO Series GSE255871. Caenorhabditis elegans. 24 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Transgenerational inheritance of mitochondrial stress adaptation in C. elegans
GEO Series GSE85835. Caenorhabditis elegans. 6 samples. Type: Genome binding/occupancy profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.