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37 results for “Type I song”
Data from: Song type and song type matching are important for joint territorial defense in a duetting songbird
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Data from: Constraints on song type matching in a songbird
In an eastern population of song sparrows (Melospiza melodia), song type matching occurs at above chance levels but does not signal aggressiveness. One explanation for the apparent ineffectiveness of matching as a signal is that the occurrence of matching is constrained by internal rules for ordering the production of song types. This constraint hypothesis is tested here in an experiment in which the singing of territorial male song sparrows is monitored in the field in real time, and subjects are confronted with playback of one of their song types either immediately after switching away from that type (short delay) or after having cycled through much of their repertoire since last singing that type (long delay). Matching was not significantly more likely in the long delay treatment than in the short delay treatment. The probability of matching did, however, depend significantly on prior bout length: the longer was a singer's last bout of a song type, the less likely the singer was to match it. There was also a suggestive effect of frequency of usage: males were more likely to match a song type the more frequently they normally sang that type, though this result was not significant after correcting for multiple comparisons. Thus, internal rules on how songs are sequenced exert constraints on the occurrence of song type matching, and such constraints can help to explain the apparent ineffectiveness of matching as a signal in this study population.
FIGURE 25. Yaginumaella flexa, holotype male. A Habitus, dorsal view B Same, ventral view C Chelicera D–F in On ten jumping spider species described by Song and Chai (1992) based on type specimens (Araneae, Salticidae)
FIGURE 25. Yaginumaella flexa, holotype male. A Habitus, dorsal view B Same, ventral view C Chelicera D–F Original labels.
FIGURE 23. Synagelides longus, holotype female. A Habitus, dorsal view B Same. lateral view C Same, ventral view D Chelicera E, F in On ten jumping spider species described by Song and Chai (1992) based on type specimens (Araneae, Salticidae)
FIGURE 23. Synagelides longus, holotype female. A Habitus, dorsal view B Same. lateral view C Same, ventral view D Chelicera E, F Original labels.
FIGURE 24. Yaginumaella flexa, holotype male. A Ventral view B in On ten jumping spider species described by Song and Chai (1992) based on type specimens (Araneae, Salticidae)
FIGURE 24. Yaginumaella flexa, holotype male. A Ventral view B Retrolateral view. Abbreviations: E = embolus, RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis, SD = sperm duct, T = tegulum, TL = tegular lobe.
FIGURE 22. Synagelides longus, holotype female. A Epigyne, ventral view B in On ten jumping spider species described by Song and Chai (1992) based on type specimens (Araneae, Salticidae)
FIGURE 22. Synagelides longus, holotype female. A Epigyne, ventral view B Vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations:AG = accessory gland, AR = atrial ridge, CD = copulatory duct, CO = copulatory opening, FD = fertilization duct, H = hood, S = spermatheca.
FIGURE 21 in On ten jumping spider species described by Song and Chai (1992) based on type specimens (Araneae, Salticidae)
FIGURE 21. Spartaeus platnicki, holotype male (A, C left, D, G, I) and allotype female (B, C right, E, F, H, I) of S. heterospineus. A, B Habitus, dorsal view C Chelicera D–I Original labels.
FIGURE 20 in On ten jumping spider species described by Song and Chai (1992) based on type specimens (Araneae, Salticidae)
FIGURE 20. Spartaeus platnicki, paratype female, vulvae, dorsal view. CD = copulatory duct, FD = fertilization duct, S = spermatheca.
FIGURE 19 in On ten jumping spider species described by Song and Chai (1992) based on type specimens (Araneae, Salticidae)
FIGURE 19. Spartaeus platnicki, paratype female of S. heterospineus. A Epigyne, ventral view B Vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: CO = copulatory opening, FD = fertilization duct, S = spermatheca.
FIGURE 12. Nigorella hirticeps comb. nov., holotype male. A Habitus, dorsal view B Same, ventral view C Chelicera D–F in On ten jumping spider species described by Song and Chai (1992) based on type specimens (Araneae, Salticidae)
FIGURE 12. Nigorella hirticeps comb. nov., holotype male. A Habitus, dorsal view B Same, ventral view C Chelicera D–F Original labels.
FIGURE 17. Ptocasius badongensis, holotype female. A Habitus, dorsal view B Same, ventral view C Chelicera D–F in On ten jumping spider species described by Song and Chai (1992) based on type specimens (Araneae, Salticidae)
FIGURE 17. Ptocasius badongensis, holotype female. A Habitus, dorsal view B Same, ventral view C Chelicera D–F Original labels.
FIGURE 18 in On ten jumping spider species described by Song and Chai (1992) based on type specimens (Araneae, Salticidae)
FIGURE 18. Spartaeus platnicki, holotype male of S. heterospineus. A Ventral view B Retrolateral view. Abbreviations: dITA = dorsal intermediate tibial apophysis, E = embolus, RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis, SD = sperm duct, T = tegulum, TA = tegular apophysis, TD = tegular depression, vITA = ventral intermediate tibial apophysis, VTA = ventral tibial apophysis.
FIGURE 3 in On ten jumping spider species described by Song and Chai (1992) based on type specimens (Araneae, Salticidae)
FIGURE 3. Chinattus tibialis, holotype female of Heliophanus geminus. A Epigyne, ventral view B Vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AG = accessory gland, CD = copulatory duct, CO = copulatory opening, S = spermatheca.
FIGURE 7 in On ten jumping spider species described by Song and Chai (1992) based on type specimens (Araneae, Salticidae)
FIGURE 7. Chinattus spp., holotype female, vulvae, dorsal view. A Chinattus tibialis B C. undulatus. Abbreviations: AG = accessory gland, CD = copulatory duct, FD = fertilization duct, S = spermatheca.
FIGURE 8 in On ten jumping spider species described by Song and Chai (1992) based on type specimens (Araneae, Salticidae)
FIGURE 8. Evarcha coreana, holotype male of E. paralbaria. A Prolateral view B Ventral view C Retrolateral view. Abbreviations: dRTA = dorsal retrolateral tibial apophysis, E = embolus, SD = sperm duct, T = tegulum, TA = tegular apophysis, TL = tegular lobe, vRTA = ventral retrolateral tibial apophysis, VTA = ventral tibial apophysis.
FIGURE 6. Chinattus undulatus, holotype female. A Habitus, dorsal view B Same, ventral view C Chelicera D–F in On ten jumping spider species described by Song and Chai (1992) based on type specimens (Araneae, Salticidae)
FIGURE 6. Chinattus undulatus, holotype female. A Habitus, dorsal view B Same, ventral view C Chelicera D–F Original labels.
FIGURE 5. Chinattus undulatus, holotype female. A Epigyne, ventral view B in On ten jumping spider species described by Song and Chai (1992) based on type specimens (Araneae, Salticidae)
FIGURE 5. Chinattus undulatus, holotype female. A Epigyne, ventral view B Vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AG = accessory gland, CD = copulatory duct, CO = copulatory opening, FD = fertilization duct, S = spermatheca.
FIGURE 4 in On ten jumping spider species described by Song and Chai (1992) based on type specimens (Araneae, Salticidae)
FIGURE 4. Chinattus tibialis, holotype female of Heliophanus geminus. A Habitus, dorsal view B Same, ventral view C Chelicera D–F Original labels.
FIGURE 2. Asemonea sichuanensis, holotype male. A Habitus, dorsal view B Same, ventral view C Chelicera D, E in On ten jumping spider species described by Song and Chai (1992) based on type specimens (Araneae, Salticidae)
FIGURE 2. Asemonea sichuanensis, holotype male. A Habitus, dorsal view B Same, ventral view C Chelicera D, E Original labels.
FIGURE 10 in On ten jumping spider species described by Song and Chai (1992) based on type specimens (Araneae, Salticidae)
FIGURE 10. Evarcha coreana, holotype male (A, C, E, G) and allotype female (B, D, F) of E. paralbaria. A, B Habitus, dorsal view C, D Chelicera E–G Original labels.
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