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10 results for “Uma notata”
Data from: Lineage diversification of fringe-toed lizards (Phrynosomatidae: Uma notata complex) in the Colorado Desert: Delimiting species in the presence of gene flow
Multi-locus nuclear DNA data were used to delimit species of fringe-toed lizards of the Uma notata complex, which are specialized for living in wind-blown sand habitats in the deserts of southwestern North America, and to infer whether Quaternary glacial cycles or Tertiary geological events were important in shaping the historical biogeography of this group. We analyzed ten nuclear loci collected using Sanger sequencing and genome-wide sequence and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data collected using restriction-associated DNA (RAD) sequencing. A combination of species discovery methods (concatenated phylogenies, parametric and non-parametric clustering algorithms) and species validation approaches (coalescent-based species tree/isolation-with-migration models) were used to delimit species, infer phylogenetic relationships, and to estimate effective population sizes, migration rates, and speciation times. Uma notata, U. inornata, U. cowlesi, and an undescribed species from Mohawk Dunes, Arizona (U. sp.) were supported as distinct in the concatenated analyses and by clustering algorithms, and all operational taxonomic units were decisively supported as distinct species by ranking hierarchical nested speciation models with Bayes factors based on coalescent-based species tree methods. However, significant unidirectional gene flow (2NM >1) from U. cowlesi and U. notata into U. rufopunctata was detected under the isolation-with-migration model. Therefore, we conservatively delimit four species-level lineages within this complex (U. inornata, U. notata, U. cowlesi, and U. sp.), treating U. rufopunctata as a hybrid population (U. notata x cowlesi). Both concatenated and coalescent-based estimates of speciation times support the hypotheses that speciation within the complex occurred during the late Pleistocene, and that the geological evolution of the Colorado River delta during this period was an important process shaping the observed phylogeographic patterns.
Data from: Lineage diversification of fringe-toed lizards (Phrynosomatidae: Uma notata complex) in the Colorado Desert: Delimiting species in the presence of gene flow
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FIGURE 8 in A new cryptic species of fringe-toed lizards from southwestern Arizona with a revised taxonomy of the Uma notata species complex (Squamata: Phrynosomatidae)
FIGURE 8. (A) An individual of U. thurmanae in its natural habitat. (B) Sand dune habitat of U. thurmanae (camera pointed east with the Mohawk Dunes in the midground and the Mohawk Mountains in the background). Photographs by A. Gottscho.
FIGURE 6 in A new cryptic species of fringe-toed lizards from southwestern Arizona with a revised taxonomy of the Uma notata species complex (Squamata: Phrynosomatidae)
FIGURE 6. Holotype (USNM 590033) of Uma thurmanae showing (A) dorsal and (B) ventral head; (C) dorsal right hindfoot and (D) dorsal right forefoot showing toe fringes. Photographs by E. Langan and J. Poindexter.
FIGURE 7 in A new cryptic species of fringe-toed lizards from southwestern Arizona with a revised taxonomy of the Uma notata species complex (Squamata: Phrynosomatidae)
FIGURE 7. Satellite map of collecting localities for the type series of Uma thurmanae. Locations where specimens were collected, denoted by red stars, lie along the Mohawk Dunes, a long strip running northwest to southeast. The lizards are isolated in this dune system by the parallel Mohawk Mountains to the east, the Gila River and Interstate-8 to the north, and alluvial fans to the west and south, ultimately resulting in speciation. Source: "Mohawk Dunes," 32° 34' N, 113° 38' W, Google Earth. Imagery date: May 29, 2016. Accessed: July 3, 2018.
FIGURE 5 in A new cryptic species of fringe-toed lizards from southwestern Arizona with a revised taxonomy of the Uma notata species complex (Squamata: Phrynosomatidae)
FIGURE 5. (A) Dorsal and (B) ventral view of the adult female holotype (USNM 590033) of Uma thurmanae. Photographs by E. Langan and J. Poindexter.
FIGURE 3 in A new cryptic species of fringe-toed lizards from southwestern Arizona with a revised taxonomy of the Uma notata species complex (Squamata: Phrynosomatidae)
FIGURE 3. Box-and-whisker plots for discrete morphological characters that exhibited significant pairwise differences between OTUs. See Appendix 2 for details of how the characters were measured. SPLB=Supralabial Scales; SPCIL=Supraciliary Scales; INS=Internasal Scales; FP=Femoral Pores.
FIGURE 4 in A new cryptic species of fringe-toed lizards from southwestern Arizona with a revised taxonomy of the Uma notata species complex (Squamata: Phrynosomatidae)
FIGURE 4. Locations of Uma specimens in the morphospace defined by the first two axes of a Discriminant Function Analysis of morphological characters. Top: when specimens with broken tails are included and TL excluded (n=57), U. inornata can still be distinguished from other OTUs, but U. notata overlaps considerably with U. rufopunctata and U. cowlesi overlaps considerably with U. sp. Bottom: analysis of only the specimens with intact tails such that tail length (TL) could be measured (n=32) allows each OTU to be distinguished.
FIGURE 1 in A new cryptic species of fringe-toed lizards from southwestern Arizona with a revised taxonomy of the Uma notata species complex (Squamata: Phrynosomatidae)
FIGURE 1. Approximate geographic distributions of members of the U. notata species complex and its sister species, U. scoparia (adapted from Gottscho et al. 2017). Actual geographic distributions are more fragmented than shown by the shaded areas as the lizards are restricted to windblown sand habitats within those areas.
FIGURE 2 in A new cryptic species of fringe-toed lizards from southwestern Arizona with a revised taxonomy of the Uma notata species complex (Squamata: Phrynosomatidae)
FIGURE 2. Maximum likelihood phylogeny of the concatenated mitochondrial DNA sequences estimated with RAxML. Bootstrap support values greater than 50% are shown adjacent to relevant nodes.
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