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24 results for “Uperoleia”
FIGURE 6. A in A new species of Australian frog (Myobatrachidae: Uperoleia) from the New South Wales mid-north coast sandplains
FIGURE 6. A representative oscillogram (above) and spectrogram (below) of the advertisement call of Uperoleia mahonyi sp. nov., Oyster Cove, NSW. The x-axis is time in seconds.
Population genomics and sexual signals identify reproductive interference in Uperoleia
<p>When closely related species come into contact via range expansion, both may experience reduced fitness as a result of the interaction. Selection is expected to favor traits that minimize costly interspecies reproductive interactions (such as mismating) via a phenomenon called reproductive character displacement (RCD). Research on RCD frequently assumes secondary contact between species, but the geographic history of species interactions is often unknown. Landscape genomic data allows tests of geographic hypotheses about species origins and secondary contact through range expansion. We used landscape genomic data from single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), mitochondrial sequence data, advertisement call data, and morphological data to investigate a species complex of toadlets (<em>Uperoleia borealis, U. crassa, U. inundata</em>) from northern Australia. Although the three species of frogs were morphologically indistinguishable in our analysis, we determined that <em>U. crassa</em> and <em>U. inundata</em> form a single species (synonymized here) based on an absence of genomic divergence. SNP data identified the phylogeographic origin of <em>U. crassa </em>as the Top End, with subsequent westward invasion into the range of <em>U. borealis</em> in the Kimberley. We identified six F1 hybrids, all of which had the <em>U. borealis</em> mitochondrial haplotype, suggesting unidirectional hybridization. Consistent with the RCD hypothesis, <em>U. borealis</em> and <em>U. crassa</em> sexual signals differ more in sympatry than in allopatry. Hybrid males have intermediate calls, which likely reduces attractiveness to females. Integrating landscape genomic data, mitochondrial sequencing, morphology, and behavioral approaches supplies us an unusually detailed collection of evidence for reproductive character displacement following range expansion and secondary contact.</p>
Population genomics and sexual signals identify reproductive interference in Uperoleia
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FIGURE 7 in A new species of Australian frog (Myobatrachidae: Uperoleia) from the New South Wales mid-north coast sandplains
FIGURE 7. Development of tadpoles of Uperoleia mahonyi sp. nov. (A) fully grown tadpole stage 36 (lateral view), arrow indicates opening of spiracle; (B) (top to bottom) stages 41, 38 (dorsal view), stage 27 (ventral view) and stage 26 (dorsal view), bar represents 5 mm; (C) hatched embryo at stage 24, lateral (A) and dorsal (B) views, bar represents 5 mm; (D) tadpoles at stage 41 (dorsal view) after capture at type locality; (E, F) newly metamorphosed froglet at stage 46, dorsal and ventral views (ventral pattern not yet fully developed); (G) = oral disc of stage 28 tadpole, bar represents 1 mm.
FIGURE 5 in A new species of Australian frog (Myobatrachidae: Uperoleia) from the New South Wales mid-north coast sandplains
FIGURE 5. Photographs of the ventral surfaces of Uperoleia mahonyi sp. nov. (A–D), U. tyleri (E–H) and U. martini (I–K) showing the variation in colour and pattern. Uperoleia mahonyi sp. nov. (A) female AMS R185699, Wyrrabalong National Park (photograph S. Clulow); (B) male (left) and female (right) (previously in amplexus), specimens not collected, type locality (photograph S. Mahony); (C) sex unknown, Wyrrabalong National Park (photograph D. Beckers); (D) female AMS R185700, Wyrrabalong National Park (photograph S. Clulow); Uperoleia tyleri (E) male SAMA R66200, Jervis Bay NSW (photograph S. Clulow); (F) sex unknown SAMA R66203, Jervis Bay NSW (photograph S. Clulow); (G) male RAC002, Kioloa NSW (photograph R. Catullo); (H) male SAMA R66205, Jervis Bay NSW (photograph S. Clulow); Uperoleia martini (I) male RAC0083, Nadgee Swamp Nature Reserve NSW, (photograph R. Catullo); (J) male not collected, Far East Gippsland Victoria (photograph M. Clancy); (K) male not collected, Marlo Victoria (photograph G. Webster).
FIGURE 4 in A new species of Australian frog (Myobatrachidae: Uperoleia) from the New South Wales mid-north coast sandplains
FIGURE 4. Uperoleia mahonyi sp. nov. demonstrating the range of variation in dorsal colour and patterning observed in life. (A) female AMS R185700, Wyrrabalong National Park NSW, and (B) same specimen in dark phase (photographs S. Clulow); (C) calling male with vocal sac extended, specimen not collected, type locality (photograph S. Mahony); (D) female AMS R185700 showing groin colour patch, Wyrrabalong National Park NSW (photograph S. Clulow); (E) male and female in amplexus, specimens not collected, type locality (photograph S. Mahony); (F) male, specimen not collected, Norah Head NSW (photograph J. Mulder).
FIGURE 3 in A new species of Australian frog (Myobatrachidae: Uperoleia) from the New South Wales mid-north coast sandplains
FIGURE 3. Dorsolateral (A) and ventral (B) photographs of holotype of Uperoleia mahonyi sp. nov. (SAMA R66193) in life. Photographs S. Clulow.
FIGURE 2 in A new species of Australian frog (Myobatrachidae: Uperoleia) from the New South Wales mid-north coast sandplains
FIGURE 2. Differing nuclear (A) and mitochondrial (B) phylogenies of eastern Uperoleia including Uperoleia mahonyi sp. nov. See text for details.
FIGURE 1 in A new species of Australian frog (Myobatrachidae: Uperoleia) from the New South Wales mid-north coast sandplains
FIGURE 1. Distribution of eastern Uperoleia sampled for this study. (A) distribution of eastern Uperoleia species across southern Queensland, New South Wales and Victoria as determined through phylogenetic evidence; (B) zoomed in image of the distribution of Uperoleia mahonyi sp. nov. phylogenetic samples, including records of other sympatric Uperoleia spp.; (C) the results of the targeted surveys, including sites surveyed where no Uperoleia were detected. Black lines in (C) represent major roads.
FIGURE 4 in A new species of Uperoleia (Anura: Myobatrachidae) from the northwest Kimberley, Western Australia
FIGURE 4. Oscillogram (a), sound spectrograms (b) and spectrum display (c) for a call of U. micra sp. nov. (WAM R168042). The bar in (a) and (b) represents 20 ms. In (b) we manipulated contrast, brightness and spectrum window display to maximise the loudest frequency components over pulse structure and side-bands arising from pulse rate (see Gerhardt & Huber, 2002).
FIGURE 3 in A new species of Uperoleia (Anura: Myobatrachidae) from the northwest Kimberley, Western Australia
FIGURE 3. Holotype (WAM R168043) of Uperoleia micra sp.nov.: A) dorsal, B) lateral and C) ventral views of head; D) plantar surface of left foot; E) plantar surface of left foot of U. minima (WAM R167878).
FIGURE 2 in A new species of Uperoleia (Anura: Myobatrachidae) from the northwest Kimberley, Western Australia
FIGURE 2. Uperoleia micra sp. nov.: A) WAM R164988 from Katers Island, Western Australia; B) WAM R168042; C) WAM R168044 from near Bachsten Creek, Western Australia; D) collection location of calling males (WAM R168039– 40) near Bachsten Creek; males were calling from the low crevice within which had flowing water, and U. borealis and U. crassa were calling from the flooded grassy areas in the foreground (height of boulders ~ 2.5 m).
FIGURE 1 in A new species of Uperoleia (Anura: Myobatrachidae) from the northwest Kimberley, Western Australia
FIGURE 1. Distribution of Uperoleia micra sp. nov. and U. minima in the northwest Kimberley, Western Australia.
FIGURE 9 in Multi-locus phylogeny and taxonomic revision of Uperoleia toadlets (Anura: Myobatrachidae) from the western arid zone of Australia, with a description of a new species
FIGURE 9. Photos in life (dorsolateral and dorsal views) and after preservation (ventral view) of U. saxatilis sp. nov. holotype (WAM R162877) from Turee Creek, Western Australia. Photos by P. Doughty.
FIGURE 5 in Multi-locus phylogeny and taxonomic revision of Uperoleia toadlets (Anura: Myobatrachidae) from the western arid zone of Australia, with a description of a new species
FIGURE 5. Plot showing results of Principle Components Analysis (top) and Discriminant Function Analysis (bottom) on body proportion variables only, see text for details. Uperoleia micromeles is the most distinct and U. russelli and U. saxatilis sp. nov. are indistinguishable based on these characters, but each is distinct based on genetic, call and other morphological characters.
FIGURE 6 in Multi-locus phylogeny and taxonomic revision of Uperoleia toadlets (Anura: Myobatrachidae) from the western arid zone of Australia, with a description of a new species
FIGURE 6. Oscillographs and spectrograms of (a) U. glandulosa, U. russelli (b) long call and (c) short call, U. talpa (d) long call and (e) short call, and U. saxatilis sp. nov. (f) long call and (g) short call.
FIGURE 1 in Multi-locus phylogeny and taxonomic revision of Uperoleia toadlets (Anura: Myobatrachidae) from the western arid zone of Australia, with a description of a new species
FIGURE 1. Geological regions of the western arid zone of Australia. Solid lines denote geological boundaries and dotted lines represent rivers. Modified from Beard & Webb (1974), Beard (1975, 1979), and Interim Biogeographic Regions of Australia version 6.1 (Commonwealth of Australia 2005).
FIGURE 4 in Multi-locus phylogeny and taxonomic revision of Uperoleia toadlets (Anura: Myobatrachidae) from the western arid zone of Australia, with a description of a new species
FIGURE 4. Molecular phylogeny of the genus Uperoleia based on a combined analysis of five genes including the mtDNA genes 16S and ND2 and the nuclear loci RAG-1, POMC, and BNDF (total 4,152 bp). The phylogeny shown is based on a partitioned Bayesian analysis, see text for details. Values above the branches are Bayesian posterior probabilities and values below are the parsimony bootstrap values.
FIGURE 3 in Multi-locus phylogeny and taxonomic revision of Uperoleia toadlets (Anura: Myobatrachidae) from the western arid zone of Australia, with a description of a new species
FIGURE 3. Molecular phylogeny of the genus Uperoleia based on the mtDNA genes 16S and ND2 (total 2,047 bp), including all tissues available for sequencing from the western arid zone. The phylogeny shown is based on a partitioned Bayesian analysis where each gene represents one partition. Values above the branches are Bayesian posterior probabilities and values below are the parsimony bootstrap values.
FIGURE 2 in Multi-locus phylogeny and taxonomic revision of Uperoleia toadlets (Anura: Myobatrachidae) from the western arid zone of Australia, with a description of a new species
FIGURE 2. Extent of webbing relative to tubercle position on the fourth toe. a) basal webbing, b) webbing extends to the first proximal tubercle, c) webbing extends to halfway between the first and second proximal tubercles, d) webbing extends to the second proximal tubercle.
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