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FIGURE 3 in Vanmanenia intermedia Fang, 1935, a valid hill-stream species of loach (Teleostei Gastromyzontidae) from the middle Yangtze River basin, Southwest China

FIGURE 3. Mouthpart soft-tissue structures of four species of Vanmanenia: (a) V. striata, IHB 83403, 86.1 mm SL,Yong-Jiang, a coastal river in Zhejiang Province, China; (b) V. intermedia, IHB2017121983, 91.3mm SL, Yuan-Jiang of the middle Yangtze River basin, at Duyun City, Guizhou Province, China (c) V. pingchowensis: IHB2017122224, 91.3 mm SL, Xi-Jiang of Pearl River basin at Pingtang County, Guizhou Province, China; (d) V. xinyiensis, IHB 77VII074, 96.3 mm SL, Pearl River basin at Xinyi County. lj: lower jaw; mb: maxillary barbel; rb: rostral barbel; rf: rostral fold; srb: secondary rostral barbel; uj: upper jaw; ul: upper lip; ll: lower lip.

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FIGURE 1. Bayesian inference tree derived from the cyt b in Vanmanenia intermedia Fang, 1935, a valid hill-stream species of loach (Teleostei Gastromyzontidae) from the middle Yangtze River basin, Southwest China

FIGURE 1. Bayesian inference tree derived from the cyt b gene for nine species of Vanmanenia. Nodal numbers are posterior probability values larger than 50%.

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FIGURE 4 in Vanmanenia intermedia Fang, 1935, a valid hill-stream species of loach (Teleostei Gastromyzontidae) from the middle Yangtze River basin, Southwest China

FIGURE 4. Relation between snout length and standard length (a), between anal-fin base length and standard length (b), between eye diameter and standard length and (c), and between internasal width and head width (d) for V. intermedia (△) and V. maculata (■).

Fig. 4 in Vanmanenia orcicampus ı a new species of loach from the Plain of Jarsı Laos (Teleostei: Gastromyzontidae)

Fig. 4. Nam Ngum at Ban Khangviangı Xiangkhouang Provinceı Laos; type locality of Vanmanenia orcicampus. Juveniles were found among the pebbles and cobble in the foreground rightı adult among the bamboos of the weir.

Fig. 2 in Vanmanenia orcicampus ı a new species of loach from the Plain of Jarsı Laos (Teleostei: Gastromyzontidae)

Fig. 2. Vanmanenia orcicampusı CMK 22732ı paratypes; Laos: Nam Ngum on Plain of Jars; aı 20.6 mm SL (reversed); and bı 23.2 mm SL.

Fig. 1 in Vanmanenia orcicampus ı a new species of loach from the Plain of Jarsı Laos (Teleostei: Gastromyzontidae)

Fig. 1. Vanmanenia orcicampusı MHNG 2767.094ı holotypeı 47.5 mm SL; Laos: Nam Ngum on Plain of Jars.

Fig. 5 in Vanmanenia orcicampus ı a new species of loach from the Plain of Jarsı Laos (Teleostei: Gastromyzontidae)

Fig. 5. Vanmanenia caobangensisı one of the typesı general appearance and colour pattern as shown in the original description (from Nguyenı 2005).

Fig. 3 in Vanmanenia orcicampus ı a new species of loach from the Plain of Jarsı Laos (Teleostei: Gastromyzontidae)

Fig. 3. Vanmanenia orcicampusı mouth. aı CMK 22732ı 20.6 mm SL; bı CMK 22732ı 22.1 mm SL; and cı MHNG 2767.094ı holotypeı 47.5 mm SL.

FIGURE 8 in Loaches of Vanmanenia (Cypriniformes: Gastromyzontidae) from Yunnan, China with Description of a New Species

FIGURE 8. Ƒanmanenia tetraloba, SWFC 0512252, 75.3 mm SL; Yunnan: Jiangcheng County: Erguanzhai. Scale bar = 5 mm.

FIGURE 6 in Loaches of Vanmanenia (Cypriniformes: Gastromyzontidae) from Yunnan, China with Description of a New Species

FIGURE 6. Ƒanmanenia serrilineata, KIZ 2012004200, 64.9 mm SL; Yunnan: Xishuangbanna: Mengla County: Nanla-he River subbasin. Scale bar = 5 mm.

FIGURE 5 B in Loaches of Vanmanenia (Cypriniformes: Gastromyzontidae) from Yunnan, China with Description of a New Species

FIGURE 5 B. Ƒanmanenia pseudostriata Zhu, Zhao, Liu & Niu. Paratype, KIZ 873071, 50.5 mm SL; Yunnan: Luquan County: Zhangjiu-he. Scale bar = 5mm.

FIGURE 2 in Loaches of Vanmanenia (Cypriniformes: Gastromyzontidae) from Yunnan, China with Description of a New Species

FIGURE 2. The patch type on the caudal-fin base of Ƒanmanenia: (A & B) dissociated; (C & D) complete.

FIGURE 5 A in Loaches of Vanmanenia (Cypriniformes: Gastromyzontidae) from Yunnan, China with Description of a New Species

FIGURE 5 A. Ƒanmanenia pseudostriata Zhu, Zhao, Liu & Niu. (A) Holotype, ASIZB 205511 (176278), 60.0mm SL; Yunnan: Luquan County: Zhangjiu-he (photographed by C.G. Zhang). Scale bar = 5mm.

FIGURE 1 in Loaches of Vanmanenia (Cypriniformes: Gastromyzontidae) from Yunnan, China with Description of a New Species

FIGURE 1. Ventral view of mouth of (A) Ƒanmanenia microcephala, SWFC 0309282, holotype, 66.8 mm SL; (B) Ƒanmanenia stenosoma, IHB 74VII3872; (C) Ƒanmanenia lineat, IHB 75V2958; (D) Ƒanmanenia gynmetrus, IHB 825245. (lj: lower jaw; mb: maxillary barbels; rb: rostral barbel; srb: secondary maxillary barbels; uj: upper jaw; ul: upper lip; ll: lower lip) (B–D was photographed by S.Q. Deng)

FIGURE 3 in Loaches of Vanmanenia (Cypriniformes: Gastromyzontidae) from Yunnan, China with Description of a New Species

FIGURE 3. Ƒanmanenia microcephala, SWFC 0309282, holotype, 66.8 mm SL; Yunnan: Yangbi County: Shunbi. Scale bar = 5 mm.

FIGURE 3 in Vanmanenia maculata, a new species of hillstream loach from the Chang-Jiang Basin, South China (Teleostei: Gastromyzontidae)

FIGURE 3. Mouthpart soft-tissue structures of four species of Vanmanenia: (A) V. striata: IHB 646482, 53.2 mm SL; (B) V. maculata, IHB 200606059, 62.8 mm SL, holotype; (C) V. pingchowensis, IHB 2012120233, 68.1 mm SL, and (D) V. xinyiensis, IHB 77VII075, 88.0 mm SL. lj: lower jaw; mb: maxillary barbel; rb: rostral barbel; rf: rostral fold; srb: secondary rostral barbel; uj: upper jaw; ul: upper lip.

FIGURE 5 in Vanmanenia maculata, a new species of hillstream loach from the Chang-Jiang Basin, South China (Teleostei: Gastromyzontidae)

FIGURE 5. Relation between caudal-peduncle depth and SL, in mm, for V. maculata (▲) and V. hainanensis (□).

FIGURE 2. Vanmanenia maculata, IHB 200606059, 62.8 in Vanmanenia maculata, a new species of hillstream loach from the Chang-Jiang Basin, South China (Teleostei: Gastromyzontidae)

FIGURE 2. Vanmanenia maculata, IHB 200606059, 62.8 mm SL, holotype. Dorsal view (upper), lateral view (middle), and ventral view (lower).

FIGURE 4 in Vanmanenia maculata, a new species of hillstream loach from the Chang-Jiang Basin, South China (Teleostei: Gastromyzontidae)

FIGURE 4. Distributions of three Chinese species of Vanmanenia: V. maculata (●), V. pingchowensis (■) and V. stenosoma (▲). Closed symbols indicate localities based on materials examined. Open symbols indicate localities based on published literatures.

FIGURE 1 in Vanmanenia maculata, a new species of hillstream loach from the Chang-Jiang Basin, South China (Teleostei: Gastromyzontidae)

FIGURE 1. Measurements taken on species of Vanmanenia. A: lateral view of body; B: dorsal view of head. C: ventral view of head. 1, standard length; 2, body depth; 3, predorsal length; 4, prepelvic length; 5, preanal length; 6, distance from pectoral-fin insertion to pelvic-fin insertion; 7, distance from pelvic-fin insertion to anal-fin origin; 8, distance from anus to anal-fin origin; 9 pectoral-fin base length; 10, pelvic-fin base length; 11, dorsal-fin base length; 12, anal-fin base length; 13, caudal-peduncle length; 14, caudal-peduncle depth; 15, pectoral-fin length; 16, pelvic-fin length; 17, anal-fin length; 18, dorsal-fin length; 19, head length; 20, head depth; 21, head width; 22, snout length; 23, eye diameter; 24, interorbital width; 25, mouth width.