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17 results for “Vombatidae”
FIGURE 6 in New genus of primitive wombat (Vombatidae, Marsupialia) from Miocene deposits in the Riversleigh World Heritage Area (Queensland, Australia)
FIGURE 6. Lingual view of lower molars to show presence of enamel tracts (indicated by asterisks). 1, Nimbavombatus boodjamullensis. 2, Rhizophascolonus crowcrofti. 3, Warendja encorensis.
FIGURE 3 in New genus of primitive wombat (Vombatidae, Marsupialia) from Miocene deposits in the Riversleigh World Heritage Area (Queensland, Australia)
FIGURE 3. Left maxillary fragment of Nimbavombatus boodjamullensis from Boid Site East (QM F23774). Left panel (photographs) of 1, occlusal (ventral) view of tooth row and 2, buccal (lateral) view. Scale bar represents 10 mm. Right panel (line drawings) of 3, occlusal (ventral) view and 4, buccal (lateral) view. Grey shading represents enamel.
FIGURE 5 in New genus of primitive wombat (Vombatidae, Marsupialia) from Miocene deposits in the Riversleigh World Heritage Area (Queensland, Australia)
FIGURE 5. Isolated molars of Nimbavombatus boodjamullensis from Creaser's Ramparts. 1, Right M1 (QM F30339). 2, Left M1 (QM F51404). 3, Left Mx (probably M2 or M3) (QM F23773). From left to right views are: buccal, lingual, anterior, posterior, stereo of occlusal surface and line drawing of occlusal surface. Scale bar for photographs represents 10 mm. Grey shading on line drawings represents enamel. L indicates lingual side, B indicates buccal side.
FIGURE 2 in New genus of primitive wombat (Vombatidae, Marsupialia) from Miocene deposits in the Riversleigh World Heritage Area (Queensland, Australia)
FIGURE 2. An animation of type specimen QM F23774, reduced for web viewing, based on CT data. The specimen was scanned at the Natural History Museum, London using a Metris X-Tek HMX ST 225 system. Volumes were constructed using CT PRO (Metris X-Tek, UK) and visualised using VG Studio Max 2.0 (Volume Graphics, Heidelberg, Germany).
FIGURE 4 in New genus of primitive wombat (Vombatidae, Marsupialia) from Miocene deposits in the Riversleigh World Heritage Area (Queensland, Australia)
FIGURE 4. Left maxillary fragment of Nimbavombatus boodjamullensis from Creaser's Ramparts Site (QM F23725). Photographs of 1, occlusal (ventral) view, 2, buccal (lateral) view and 3, lingual (medial) view. Scale bar represents 10 mm. 4, Line drawing of occlusal (ventral) view. Grey shading represents enamel. Asterisk marks presence of distinctive wear facet on trailing edge enamel (see text for details).
FIGURE 8 in New genus of primitive wombat (Vombatidae, Marsupialia) from Miocene deposits in the Riversleigh World Heritage Area (Queensland, Australia)
FIGURE 8. Jaw movement during the power stroke in Nimbavombatus boodjamullensis. 1, Evidence of jaw movement on the surface of the cheek teeth. 2, Movement of the lower jaw during Phase I (left) and Phase II (right) of the power stroke.
FIGURE 7. 1, Strict consensus tree for parsimony analysis including Marada arcanum. 2 in New genus of primitive wombat (Vombatidae, Marsupialia) from Miocene deposits in the Riversleigh World Heritage Area (Queensland, Australia)
FIGURE 7. 1, Strict consensus tree for parsimony analysis including Marada arcanum. 2, Bootstrap support for single most parsimonious tree from analysis excluding Marada arcanum (see text for details). Vombatidae indicated in purple.
Data from: Cranial remains of Ramsayia magna from the Late Pleistocene of Australia and the evolution of gigantism in wombats (Vombatidae; Marsupialia)
<p>Giant wombats (defined here as body mass ≥ 70 kg) are found in the genera <em>Phascolonus, Ramsayia</em>, and perhaps also <em>Sedophascolomys</em>. Of these, <em>Ramsayia </em>is the currently the most poorly known, having been described from fragmentary mandibular and cranial fragments. Here, we report the most complete cranial remains attributable to the genus, identified as the species <em>R. magna</em>. The remains provide new important insights into the anatomy of the species and the evolutionary adaptations to gigantism in Vombatidae. We record parietal sinuses in a vombatid for the first time, an adaptation to increased skull size relative to the braincase. The presence of a prominent premaxillary spine may indicate the species possessed a large, fleshy nose. Both of features are convergent on other large-bodied, non-vombatid extinct megaherbivores of Australia such as <em>Diprotodon optatum</em>. We use the cranial remains to examine the phylogenetic relationships of the giant wombats to other vombatids. <span>Phylogenetic analysis using maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference </span>indicates that <em>Phascolomys</em>, <em>Ramsayia</em>, and <em>Sedophascolomys </em>form a clade, suggesting a single origin of gigantism within Vombatidae. This origin may have been related to the exploitation of poor-quality foods by these taxa, and preceded the extreme specialisations observed in the incisor and cranial anatomy of the giant wombats. U-series and combined U-series and Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) dating methods were applied to one fossil tooth. All sources of uncertainty considered, age calculations systematically correlate the fossil remains to Marine Isotope Stage 5, and an age of approximately 80,000 years can be proposed for this specimen. With only a single well dated occurrence for this taxon, it is currently impossible to determine when and why <em>R. magna</em> became extinct.</p>
FIGURE 1 in New genus of primitive wombat (Vombatidae, Marsupialia) from Miocene deposits in the Riversleigh World Heritage Area (Queensland, Australia)
FIGURE 1. Map of Australia showing the location of Miocene wombat fossil sites.
Data from: Cranial remains of Ramsayia magna from the Late Pleistocene of Australia and the evolution of gigantism in wombats (Vombatidae; Marsupialia)
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Distribution. NE Australia, a small population persists at Epping Forest National Park near Clermont in C Queensland. in Vombatidae
Distribution. NE Australia, a small population persists at Epping Forest National Park near Clermont in C Queensland.
Distribution. S in Vombatidae
Distribution. S Australia, restricted to four major populations and a number of smaller colonies in semi-arid regions of SE Western Australia (W Nullarbor Plain) and S South Australia (E to Murray River). Introduced into Wedge I, South Australia.
• 85-115 cm. in Vombatidae
• 85-115 cm.
Vombatus ursinus Australia. Photo: Pat Morris/ardea.com in Vombatidae
Vombatus ursinus Australia. Photo: Pat Morris/ardea.com
On following page: 3. Northern Hairy-nosed Wombat (Lasiorhinus krefftii). in Vombatidae
On following page: 3. Northern Hairy-nosed Wombat (Lasiorhinus krefftii).
Subspecies and Distribution. V.u.wursinusShaw,1800—BassStraitIs(FlindersI). V.u.hirsutusPerry,1810—mainlandSEAustralia. V. u. tasmaniensis Spencer & Kershaw, 1910 — Tasmania. in Vombatidae
Subspecies and Distribution. V.u.wursinusShaw,1800—BassStraitIs(FlindersI). V.u.hirsutusPerry,1810—mainlandSEAustralia. V. u. tasmaniensis Spencer & Kershaw, 1910 — Tasmania.
• Australasian Region in Vombatidae
• Australasian Region
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