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248 results for “WRF”
Seefeld Cold-Air Pool Experiment (SEECAP): WRF Simulation Output without snow cover January 16 2020 0000 UTC to January 17 2020 1200 UTC
<p>The Seefeld Cold-Air Pool Experiment (SEECAP) focused on the cross-country skiing area Olympiaregion Seefeld and in particular the topographic setting in the Nordic ski arena which favors the formation of cold-air pools and took place between December 2019 and March 2020. The measurement data are described in Rudolph (2022) and Rauchöcker et al. (2024d) and meteorological measurement data associated with SEECAP are published in Rauchöcker et al. (2024c). This upload contains WRF simulation output data for the night between January 16 and January 17 2020 without snow cover and the plotting routines to reproduce the figures in Rauchöcker et al. (2024d). The night between January 16 and January 17 2020 initially featured an ideal cold-air pool formation followed by a interuption by a wind disturbance around midnight. Simulation output for the same night, but with snow cover is also available (Rauchöcker et al., 2024a). The temperature evolution of the measurements agreed much better with the simulation with snow cover and otherwise the same model setting compared to the simulation without snow cover (Rauchöcker et al. 2024d). Also available in a different dataset is output from a simulation with snow cover for the night between January 12 and January 13 2020 (Rauchöcker et al., 2024b), which featured an undisturbed cold-air pool for almost the entire night. This case was considered to feature in Rauchöcker et al. (2024d), but a different case was chosen because some measurement data was not available during this period.</p> <h3><strong>WRF Simulation Output</strong></h3> <p>This Dataset includes data generated with WRFlux v1.4.1 (Göbel et al., 2022), a fork of the Weather Research and Forecasting model WRF (Skamarock et al. 2021). WRFlux allows to calculate the contribution of different processes to the potential temperature tendency at each grid point. The data published here is from the innermost simulation domain with 40m horizontal resolution and 10m vertical resolution close to the surface. The simulations were initialized at 00:00 UTC January 16 2020 and run until 12:00 UTC January 17 2020.</p> <p>Three different simulations were performed: two simulations with modified snow cover as described in Rauchöcker (2022), one each with the MYNN 2.5-order and the SMS-3DTKE PBL parameterizations (a scheme that blends a PBL scheme and a LES subgrid parameteriztion in the greyzone of turbulence), and one without snow cover with the MYNN 2.5-order PBL parameterization. Otherwise the simulations were identical. This dataset includes the simulation without snow cover. A detailed description of the model setup can be found in Rauchöcker et al (2024d) and in the file <em>namelist.input</em> that was used to generate the simulation results.</p> <p>Standard WRF output can be found in <em>wrfout_40m_jan16_nosnow</em>. The mean wind speed components, which were necessary to rotate the tendencies in a coordinate system that is aligned with the valley orientation, are contained in <em>windout_40m_jan16_nosnow</em>. These variables were contained in the unprocessed<em> </em>output files produced by WRFlux; the full files were unfortunately too large to be included here. The postprocessed tendencies are stored in <em>tend_40m_jan16_nosnow.nc</em>.</p>
Rainfall data from WRF simulations for the Atacama Desert for present and mid-Pliocene climate
<p>We provide model output for rainfall from WRF experiments for the present-day and mid-Pliocene climate. These are netCDF files that contain processed data shown in figures of Reyers et al. (accepted). Details on the files and content are listed in the primary data information Reyers_et_al_primary_data_information.pdf Refer to Reyers et al. (2022) for the full information on the data production and interpretation.</p> <p>This work used resources of the Deutsches Klimarechenzentrum (DKRZ) granted by its Scientific Steering Committee (WLA) under project ID bb1198. The research was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) – Projektnummer 268236062 – SFB1211 "Earth-evolution at the dry limit" (https://sfb1211.uni-koeln.de/).</p> <p><strong>Reference</strong></p> <p>Reyers, M., Fiedler, S., Ludwig, P., Böhm, C., Wennrich, V., and Shao, Y.: On the importance of moisture conveyor belts from the tropical East Pacific for wetter conditions in the Atacama Desert during the Mid-Pliocene, Clim. Past Discuss. [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2022-72, 2022, accepted.</p>
Observed and WRF-simulated near-surface meteorological parameters on selected James Ross Island glaciers during heatwaves in summer 2022/23
<p>The files contain time series of near-surface meteorological conditions observed on Triangular Glacier and Davies Dome on James Ross Island, Antarctica and simulated time series for these glaciers based on the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model output. Observations of 2-m air temperature, 2-m wind speed, net radiation and glacier surface height are available from 01 November 2022 to 16 January 2023 (net radiation is available only on Triangular Glacier). Simulated values of 2-m air temperature, 2-m wind speed, net radiation, sensible and latent heat fluxes are available from 08 November 2022 to 16 January 2023.</p>
Great Lakes WRF-FVCOM model ensemble outputs: Summer 2018 daily LST and T2m
<p>Postprocessed model data for the paper: "Coupled Lake-Atmosphere-Land Physics Uncertainties in a Great Lakes Regional Climate Model"</p> <p>Perturbed Physics Ensemble outputs from a coupled lake-atmosphere-land Great Lakes regional model: <br>- Time period: May, June, July of 2018 <br>- Computational domain: Great Lakes region as contained within <a href="../api/records/10806629/draft/files/wrf_grid.nc/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">wrf_grid.nc</a> (atmosphere-land) and <a href="../api/records/10806629/draft/files/fvcom_grid.nc/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">fvcom_grid.nc</a> (lake).<br>- Quantities of interest: lake surface temperature and 2-m near-surface air temperature<br>- Training set: "<a href="../api/records/10806629/draft/files/wfv_global_daily_temperature_training_set.pkl/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">wfv_global_daily_temperature_training_set.pkl</a>" [18 members]. Associated with "<a href="../api/records/10806629/draft/files/perturbation_matrix_9variables_korobov18.nc/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">perturbation_matrix_9variables_korobov18.nc</a>" input model configuration matrix.<br>- Test set: "<a href="https://zenodo.org/api/records/13863491/draft/files/wfv_global_daily_temperature_test_set.pkl/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">wfv_global_daily_temperature_test_set.pkl</a>" [9 members]. Associated with "<a href="https://zenodo.org/api/records/13863491/draft/files/perturbation_matrix_9variables_latin_hypercube9.nc/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">perturbation_matrix_9variables_latin_hypercube9.nc</a>" input model configuration matrix.</p>
Seefeld Cold-Air Pool Experiment (SEECAP): WRF Simulation Output with snow cover January 12 2020 0000 UTC to January 13 2020 1200 UTC
<p>The Seefeld Cold-Air Pool Experiment (SEECAP) focused on the cross-country skiing area Olympiaregion Seefeld and in particular the topographic setting in the Nordic ski arena which favors the formation of cold-air pools and took place between December 2019 and March 2020. The measurement data are described in Rudolph (2022) and Rauchöcker et al. (2024d) and meteorological measurement data associated with SEECAP are published in Rauchöcker et al. (2024c). This upload contains WRF simulation output data for the night between January 12 and January 13 2020 with snow cover. The night between January 12 and January 13 2020 featured an undisturbed cold-air pool for almost the entire night. This case was considered to feature in Rauchöcker et al. (2024d), but a different case was chosen because some measurement data was not available during this period. Also available in a different dataset are data from simulations of the night between January 16 and January 17 2020, which initially featured ideal condition for cold-air pool formation followed by a disturbance around midnight, with snow cover (Rauchöcker et al., 2024a) and also without snow cover (Rauchöcker et al., 2024b).</p> <h3><strong>WRF Simulation Output</strong></h3> <h3><strong> </strong></h3> <p>This Dataset includes data generated with WRFlux v1.4.1 (Göbel et al., 2022), a fork of the Weather Research and Forecasting model WRF (Skamarock et al. 2021). WRFlux allows to calculate the contribution of different processes to the potential temperature tendency at each grid point. The data published here is from the innermost simulation domain with 40m horizontal resolution and 10m vertical resolution close to the surface. The simulations were initialized at 00:00 UTC January 12 2020 and run until 12:00 UTC January 13 2020 and results for the same night but a coarser grid spacing are described in Rauchöcker (2022). Compared to the simulation with 200m grid spacing presented there, this simulation offers a significantly improved resolution. As input, we used ERA5 reanalysis data, 1-arc second SRTM terrain data and Corine 2018 land cover classification. The simulation was performed with modified snow cover as described in Rauchöcker (2022) and the MYNN 2.5-order PBL parameterization. A detailed description of the model setup can be found in Rauchöcker et al (2024d) and in the file <em>namelist.input</em> that was used to generate the simulation results.</p> <p>Standard WRF output can be found in <em>wrfout_40m_jan12</em>. The mean wind speed components, which were necessary to rotate the tendencies in a coordinate system that is aligned with the valley orientation, are contained in <em>windout_40m_jan12</em>. These variables were contained in the unprocessed output files produced by WRFlux; the full files were unfortunately too large to be included here. The postprocessed tendencies are stored in <em>tend_40m_jan12</em>.</p>
WRF Forecast Data used for Verification of multi-resolution model forecasts of heavy rainfall events of 23rd-26th August 2017 over Nigeria
<p>A deterministic Weather Research and Forecasting model version 4.2 forecast of heavy convective rainfall associated with the passage of the African Easterly Wave (AEW) within the period 23<sup>rd</sup>-26<sup>th</sup> August 2017 over Nigeria. The model was setup to perform two nested domain simulations with 18 (parent domain), 6 and 2 km (hereafter WRF18, WRF6 and WRF2) horizontal resolutions. The outer domain covers West Africa and the innermost domain, which runs at convection-permitting scale, focuses on Nigeria. When interpreting the results, it is worthy of note that the data has been regridded to 18 km, which is 3 x the grid scale for WRF6 and 9 x the grid scale for WRF2. This means that there is a fair degree of smoothing that has been applied using a bilinear regridding process to get the models onto a level playing field. Only WRF18 retains its native grid and has not benefited from any additional smoothing.</p> <p>The WRF model setup is similar to the study of Gbode et al. (2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-018-2538-x) in terms of the model physics combination used in the model simulations. The parameterization schemes used are the Goddard (GD) WRF model microphysics (MP), the Mellor–Yamada–Janjic (MYJ) planetary boundary layer (PBL) and the Bett-Miller-Janjic (BMJ) cumulus convection (CU) parameterization schemes. This combination was found to reproduce realistic rainfall and temperature relative to gridded observations over West Africa. The GD is a six-class microphysics with graupel and modifications for ice/water saturation. MYJ is a local closure scheme that predicts turbulent kinetic energy and the BMJ CU is a profile adjustment scheme that relaxes both deep and shallow profiles toward a reference profile without explicit updraft, downdraft, or cloud entrainment. However, the CU scheme was turned off in the 2 km domain to explicitly represent convection.</p>
Global soil type dataset for WRF-ARW model, based on HWSD version 2
<p>Global soil type dataset, based on HWSD ("Harmonized World Soil Database", version 2.0), suitable for meteorological model WRF-ARW.</p> <ul> <li>spatial resolution: 30 arc seconds by 30 arc seconds (about 1km)</li> <li>original data (HWSD 2.0) <ul> <li><a href="https://s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/data.gaezdev.aws.fao.org/HWSD/HWSD2_RASTER.zip">https://s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/data.gaezdev.aws.fao.org/HWSD/HWSD2_RASTER.zip</a></li> <li><a href="https://s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/data.gaezdev.aws.fao.org/HWSD/HWSD2_DB.zip">https://s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/data.gaezdev.aws.fao.org/HWSD/HWSD2_DB.zip</a></li> <li>https://gaez.fao.org/pages/hwsd</li> <li>documentation: Nachtergaele, Freddy, et al. Harmonized world soil database version 2.0. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2023. https://www.fao.org/3/cc3823en/cc3823en.pdf</li> </ul> </li> <li>the original 7 soil layers (0–20 cm, 20–40 cm, 40–60 cm, 60–80 cm, 80–100 cm, 100–150 cm and 150–200 cm) have been remapped to the 2 layers required by WRF (topsoil 0-30 cm, botsoil 30-200 cm)</li> <li>the original Soil Mapping Units (SMU) have been remapped to the 16 soil categories used by WRF: <ul> <li>the depth-weighted averages of the content of clay, silt and sand lead to 12 texture-based categories (Sand, Loamy sand, Sandy loam, Silt loam, Silt, Loam, Sandy clay loam, Silty clay loam, Clay loam, Sandy clay, Silty clay, Clay), as defined by USDA;</li> <li>category "Organic material" is assigned where the average content of organic carbon exceeds the threshold of 25%;</li> <li>where the content of clay, silt and sand is not defined, HWSD special categories are mapped to the WRF last 3 categories, as follows: <ul> <li>"Water bodies" to "Water", </li> <li>"Rock outcrops" and "Rocky sublayers" to "Bedrock", </li> <li>"Land ice and glaciers", "Dunes/shifting sands", "Salt flats", and "Other" to "Other"</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>The dataset is provided in three ways:</p> <ol> <li>two global files (SoilType_depth<T>to<B>cm.tif), one for each layer; format is GeoTIFF, compatible with <a href="https://github.com/openwfm/convert_geotiff" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>convert_geotiff</em></a>, a commandline utility for converting data from GeoTIFF to geogrid format used by WRF;</li> <li>16 tiles, 8 for each layer, each covering 90 degrees by 90 degrees (SoilType_depth<T>to<B>cm_lon<W>to<E>deg_lat<S>to<N>deg.tif); format is GeoTIFF;</li> <li>two compressed folders, hwsd_toplayer.zip and hwsd_bottomlayer.zip, each including 648 tiles in binary format and an "index" ASCII file, following the Geogrid data format and naming convention, as described <a href="https://www2.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/users/tutorial/presentation_pdfs/202101/duda_wps_advanced.pdf">here</a>.</li> </ol> <p>Soil categories are coded as follows</p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td><strong>code</strong></td> <td><strong>category</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>sand</td> </tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td>loamy sand</td> </tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td>sandy loam</td> </tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td>silt loam</td> </tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td>silt</td> </tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td>loam</td> </tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td>sandy clay loam</td> </tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td>silty clay loam</td> </tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td>clay loam</td> </tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td>sandy clay</td> </tr> <tr> <td>11</td> <td>silty clay</td> </tr> <tr> <td>12</td> <td>clay</td> </tr> <tr> <td>13</td> <td>organic material</td> </tr> <tr> <td>14</td> <td>water</td> </tr> <tr> <td>15</td> <td>bedrock</td> </tr> <tr> <td>16</td> <td>other</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p>
ERDS alerts based on WRF model output
<p>Heavy rainfall alerts based on WRF model output at 7.5 km resolution produced by ERDS (<a href="https://erds.ithacaweb.org/">https://erds.ithacaweb.org/</a>).</p>
Precipitation objects under the current and future climate: WRF 6-km hydroclimate simulation of the western US
<p>This folder includes the precipitation objects that are used in the following manuscript:</p> <p>Chen et al., Sharpening of Cold Season Storms over the Western US.</p> <p>It is generated using WRF V3.8 at PNNL. A historical simulation ("NARR") is done for 1981-2010, and five future simulations ("CanESM2", "CESM1-CAM5", "GFDL-ESM2M", "HadGEM2-ES", "MPI-ESM-MR") are done for 2041-2070 using the Pseudo Global Warming (PGW) approach. For the WRF model configuration and the simulation details, please refer to the abovementioned manuscript and Chen et al. (2018).</p> <p>This is the preliminary version of the dataset that contains the precipitation object features as analyzed in the manuscript. More data (including the WRF raw precipitation output) and the finalized scripts will be included here before the manuscript is published.</p> <p> </p> <p>Reference:</p> <p>Chen, X., L. R. Ruby, Y. Gao, Y. Liu, M. Wigmosta, and M. Richmond (2018), Predictability of Extreme Precipitation in Western U.S. Watersheds Based on Atmospheric River Occurrence, Intensity, and Duration, <em>Geophys. Res. Lett.</em> doi: <a href="https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2018GL079831">10.1029/2018GL079831</a></p> <p>Chen, X., L. R. Ruby, Y. Gao, Y. Liu, and M. Wigmosta (2023), Sharpening of Cold Season Storms over the Western US, Nat. Clim. Change. doi: <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41558-022-01578-0">10.1038/s41558-022-01578-0</a> </p>
Ozone dry deposition and ozone fields modeled by WRF-Chem
<p>This dataset includes hourly ozone dry deposition velocity v<sub>d</sub> and surface ozone concentration fields over the southeastern US in August 2016, which are simulated by the NASA Land Information System/Weather Research and Forecasting model with online Chemistry, without and with the assimilation of soil moisture retrievals from NASA’s Soil Moisture Active Passive mission. Different dry deposition parameterizations are used in this modeling/data assimilation work, as described in "Satellite soil moisture data assimilation impacts on modeling weather variables and ozone in the southeastern US – Part 2: Sensitivity to dry-deposition parameterizations", by Huang et al. (2022). The model grid definition, along with the grid-dominant land use/cover type information, is also supplied. All data are stored in NetCDF files.</p>
Turbulent kinetic energy over large wind farms observed and simulated by the mesoscale model WRF (3.8.1)
<p>This repository contains the WRF configuration files necessary to reproduce the simulations <br> as described in Siedersleben et al. 2019 (https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2019-100)</p> <p>The file windturbines_GMD.txt contains the locations of <br> all windturbines implemented in the simulations. The corresponding attributes of each <br> wind turbine type is described in the wind-turbine-xx.tbl. Be aware that all windturbines use the same power and thrust coefficients only the different hub heights and rotor diameters are taken into account as described in Siedersleben et al. (2019).</p> <p>The namelist.input_nameOfSimulation files necessary to run the simulations are provided in this repository as well. You may notice that <br> there are less namelist files than simulations. The simulations not using a TKE source use the same namelists as the ones with a TKE a source. However, the WRF model needs to be recompiled using the manipolated module_wind_fitch.F (you find this file in this repository). The sensitivity studies investigating the impact of the uncertainties in the power and thrust coefficients use the namelist of the control simulation CNTRb, but with manipulated wind-turbine-x_modMin/Max.tbl wind turbine files.</p> <p>The two python files get_era5*.py can be used to retrieve the ERA5 data, driving the WRF model. <br> Note that the dates and pathes have to be adjusted in the python files. <br> After downloading the surface and model level data some postprocessing <br> is necessary as described nicely here: "http://valcap74.blogspot.com/2017/10/how-to-run-wrf-model-driven-by-era5-on.html". For this<br> purpose the simple script called postProcessERA5 (based on the blog entry mentioned above) can be used.</p>
Observed and WRF-simulated air temperature and wind speed at the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute weather stations Lučina, Lysá hora and Olomouc
<p>The dataset contains two csv files with observed 2-m air temperature and 10-m wind speed data at Lučina, Lysá hora and Olomouc meteorological stations in the Czech Republic and analogical time series produced by the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. The dataset covers a period of 27 October 2010, 01:00 UTC to 01 November 2010, 00:00 UTC. WRF output is given for three model configurations:</p> <p>1) QNSE boundary layer scheme</p> <p>2) 3DTKE boundary layer scheme with Revised MM5 surface layer scheme</p> <p>3) 3DTKE boundary layer scheme with MYNN surface layer scheme</p>
Seefeld Cold-Air Pool Experiment (SEECAP): WRF Simulation Output with snow cover January 16 2020 0000 UTC to January 17 2020 1200 UTC
<p>The Seefeld Cold-Air Pool Experiment (SEECAP) focused on the cross-country skiing area Olympiaregion Seefeld and in particular the topographic setting in the Nordic ski arena which favors the formation of cold-air pools and took place between December 2019 and March 2020. The measurement data are described in Rudolph (2022) and Rauchöcker et al. (2024d) and meteorological measurement data associated with SEECAP are published in Rauchöcker et al. (2024c). This upload contains WRF simulation output data for the night between January 16 and January 17 2020 with snow cover and the plotting routines to reproduce the figures in Rauchöcker et al. (2024d). The night between January 16 and January 17 2020 initially featured ideal condition for cold-air pool formation followed by a disturbance around midnight. There is also an upload with simulation output for the same night, but without snow cover (Rauchöcker et al., 2024a). Also available in a different dataset are data from a simulation with snow cover for the night between January 12 and January 13 2020 (Rauchöcker et al., 2024b), which featured an undisturbed cold-air pool for almost the entire night. This case was considered to feature in Rauchöcker et al. (2024d), but a different case was chosen because some measurement data was not available during this period.</p> <h3><strong>WRF Simulation Output</strong></h3> <p>This Dataset includes data generated with WRFlux v1.4.1 (Göbel et al., 2022), a fork of the Weather Research and Forecasting model WRF (Skamarock et al. 2021). WRFlux allows to calculate the contribution of different processes to the potential temperature tendency at each grid point. The data published here is from the innermost simulation domain with 40m horizontal resolution and 10m vertical resolution close to the surface. The simulations were initialized at 00:00 UTC January 16 2020 and run until 12:00 UTC January 17 2020.</p> <p>Three different simulations were performed: two simulations with modified snow cover as described in Rauchöcker (2022), one each with the MYNN 2.5-order and the SMS-3DTKE PBL parameterizations (a scheme that blends a PBL scheme and a LES subgrid parameteriztion in the greyzone of turbulence), and one without snow cover with the MYNN 2.5-order PBL parameterization. Otherwise the simulations were identical. This dataset includes the two simulation with snow cover, where <em>jan126_sms.zip</em> contains the files relating to the simulations with the SMS-3DTKE scheme and <em>jan16.zip</em> those for the simulation with the MYNN 2.5-order PBL parameterization. A detailed description of the model setup can be found in Rauchöcker et al (2024d) and in the files <em>namelist.input</em> and <em>namelist_sms.input</em> that were used for the simulations. </p> <p>Standard WRF output can be found in <em>wrfout_40m_jan16</em> and <em>wrfout_40m_jan16_sms</em>. The mean wind speed components, which were necessary to rotate the tendencies in a coordinate system that is aligned with the valley orientation, are contained in <em>windout_40m_jan16</em> and <em>windout_40m_jan16_sms</em>. These variables were contained in the unprocessed output files produced by WRFlux; the full files were unfortunately too large to be included here. The postprocessed tendencies are stored in <em>tend_40m_jan16.nc</em> and <em>tend_40m_jan16_sms.nc</em>.</p> <h3><strong>Plotting routines</strong></h3> <p>Python scripts and environment files to reproduce most figures in Rauchoecker et al. (2024d) are included in <em>code.zip</em>. To reproduce plots involving measurement data, which is available in Rauchöcker et al. (2024c), is also needed.</p> <p>Due to conflicts between some packages, two different environment were needed. To reproduce Figure 2, install the <em>orthoplot</em> environment by running "<em>conda env create orthoplot.yml</em>" in a terminal window, activate it ("<em>conda activate orthoplot</em>") and then run <em>ortho_plot.py</em>. All other plots require the wrfstuff environent (installed by running "<em>conda env create wrfstuff.yml</em>" and activated by "<em>conda activate wrfstuff</em>") and are produced by <em>paper_plots.py</em>. Functions used to load data and plot the figures are included in <em>dataload.py</em> and <em>plotting_routines.py</em>, respectively<em>.</em></p> <p>Two variables decide which figures are plotted for which dataset: <em>dataname</em> and <em>doplot</em>. The variable <em>dataname</em> defines the path to the <em>dataset</em> that should be used to produce the figures, while the value <em>doplot</em> defines which figure to reproduce. By setting doplot="fig1", Figure 1 is reproduced, while doplot="fig7" and doplot="fig9" reproduce Figures 7 and 9, respectively. For all other values for <em>doplot</em>, Figures 4, 5, 6, 8 and 11 are reproduced. We decided not to include a script to plot Figure 3 because the data the climatology is based on is owned by GeoSphere Austria - the agency operating the permanent weather station. Further, no script for reproducing Figure 10 is included because it was not created within the framework of Python.</p> <h3><strong>Geofiles</strong></h3> <p>The files included in <em>g</em><em>eofiles.zip</em> are needed to plot Figure 1 and Figure 2, although not of particular interest on their own. Included are output files from <em>geogrid.exe</em>, whicih are necessary to plot the domains overview (Figure 1), as well as an orthophoto (<em>orthophoto.tif</em>) and high-resolution digital elevation model (<em>topo_hr.tif</em>) which are both based on data from Land Tirol.</p>
A hybrid 100-m global land cover dataset with Local Climate Zones for WRF
<p>This hybrid 100-m CGLC-MODIS-LCZ global land cover dataset is produced for the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model starting from version 4.5. It is based on 1) the Copernicus Global Land Service Land Cover (CGLC, Buchhorn et al., 2021) product resampled to MODIS IGBP classes (CGLC-MODIS), and 2) the global map of Local Climate Zones (LCZ, Demuzere et al., 2022a, b) that describes the urban and built-up land surface. Both the CGLC and LCZ products are available at a 100-m spatial resolution, are representative for the year 2018, and cover -180°W to 180°E and -60°S to 78°N. Remaining areas are filled with the MODIS land cover classes. This dataset has been implemented into the WRF Preprocessing System (WPS) as <a href="https://www2.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/users/download/get_sources_wps_geog.html">tiled binary data files</a> with <a href="https://github.com/wrf-model/WPS/blob/develop/geogrid/GEOGRID.TBL.ARW_LCZ">a new GEOGRID table entry</a> to allow WRF/WPS users to flexibly use this dataset in their studies particularly for urban modeling applications.</p> <p>To display the dataset in QGIS, <em>cmap_Qgis_CGLC_MOD_LCZ.txt </em>can be used as a color scheme.</p> <p>For more details, please read the technical documentation: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7670792">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7670792</a>.<br> <br> References:</p> <p><em>Buchhorn, M., Smets, B., Bertels, L., De Roo, B., Lesiv, M., Tsendbazar, N.-E., Li, L., Tarko, A. Copernicus Global Land Service: Land Cover 100m: version 3 Globe 2015-2019: Product User Manual (Dataset v3.0, doc issue 3.4). Product User Manual; Zenodo, Geneve, Switzerland, September 2020; doi: 10.5281/zenodo.3938963<br> <br> Demuzere M, Kittner J, Martilli A, et al. A global map of local climate zones to support earth system modelling and urban-scale environmental science. Earth Syst Sci Data. 2022a;14(8):3835-3873. doi:10.5194/essd-14-3835-2022</em></p> <p><em>Demuzere M, Kittner J, Martilli A, et al. (2022). Global map of Local Climate Zones (2.0.0) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6364593</em></p>
16-year WRF simulation for the Southern Alps of New Zealand (monthly output)
<p>The climatological dataset was produced using the Weather and Research Forecasting (WRF) model configured with two nested domains at 10 km (D1) and 2 km (D2) horizontal grid spacing. It covers the bulk of the South Island of New Zealand and is centered over Brewster Glacier in the Southern Alps. The model was forced every three hours by ERA5 reanalysis data at its outer lateral boundaries. The dataset covers the period of 1 January 2005 to 31 December 2020, providing daily output in the outer domain (D1) and 3-hourly output in the innermost domain (D2). </p> <p>The dataset was generated as part of a DFG-funded project aimed at investigating the atmospheric processes causing impacts of sea surface temperature changes around New Zealand on variations of glacier surface climate and mass balance in the Southern Alps (using Brewster Glacier as a benchmark glacier).</p> <p>The data provided here are a selection of monthly averages from the finest WRF domain (D2; 2-km grid spacing). They are distributed among three different file types containing 4-dimensional, 3-dimensional and invariant output variables, respectively. For the 4-dimensional variables, the data were cropped to below ~200 hPa. In addition, perturbation and base-state atmospheric pressure (WRF variables P and PB) and geopotential (PH and PHB) were combined to produce full model fields, and perturbation potential temperature (T) was converted to total potential temperature.</p>
High resolution WRF simulation of Hurricane Florence (2018) and Harvey (2017) during Landfall
<p>A high-resolution simulation of Hurricane Florence (2018) and Harvey (2017) is performed using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model version 4.3. The WRF model was configured by three nested domains with a horizontal grid spacing of 12, 4, and 1.33 km, respectively, and 60 vertical levels. The common physics options used in the simulations are the Thompson microphysics scheme (Thompson et al., 2008); RRTMG as shortwave and long-wave schemes (Iacono et al., 2008); Mellor–Yamada–Janjic Scheme as Planetary Boundary Layer (Janjic, 1994;Mesinger, 1993); Unified Noah land surface model (Tewari et al., 2004); Tiedtke Scheme (Tiedtke, 1989; Zhang et al., 2011) as cumulus parameterization scheme only for the first domain. The simulations were performed considering (a) a control experiment with an urban slab model (NUCM), (b) a single-layer UCM, and (c) multi-layer BEP urban physics (BEP). All other physics schemes remain the same for the simulations. The simulations for Hurricane Florence start on 2018-09-12 at 12:00 UTC and end on 2018-09-18 at 00:00 UTC, and for Hurricane Harvey simulations start on 2017-08-24 at 12:00:00 UTC and end on 2017-08-29 at 00:00:00 UTC.</p> <p>The data herein presents the model output of 3-hour for domain one and 1-hour for domain three. The format is NetCDF, containing detailed metadata. Three-dimensional meteorological field variables include three wind components (u, v, and w), potential temperature, water vapour mixing ratio, and atmospheric pressure. Two-dimensional variables include horizontal wind components at 10 m AGL, potential temperature and water vapour mixing ratio at 2 m AGL, atmospheric pressure at the surface, terrain height, planetary boundary layer height, total accumulated rainfall, latent heat flux, sensible heat flux, and the Coriolis sine latitude term. The outputs are provided for NUCM, UCM and BEP simulations.</p>
High-resolution T2M and RH simulated using WRF-ARW over Cyprus for 2015
<p>Meteorological data generated over Cyprus for the year 2015 using the open-source, community-based, state-of-the-art Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF-ARW) Model. The model was configured according to the operational numerical weather forecasts of the Cyprus Department of Meteorology (DoM). The meteorological fields, generated with a nested configuration setup, are at an ultra-fine spatiotemporal resolution (<em>i.e.,</em> 2 km horizontal grid spacing and 1-hour temporal frequency).</p>
5-day WRF case study for the Southern Alps of New Zealand (hourly output)
<p>Full output file from the Weather and Research Forecasting (WRF) model for a 2 km resolution domain centered over the Southern Alps of New Zealand. Modelling period is 02-Feb-2011 00:00:00 UTC to 07-Feb-2011 00:00:00 UTC (5 days) with hourly output frequency. The data-set was generated in the framework of a case study to investigate the mesoscale influence of an atmospheric river on the mass balance of Brewster Glacier (Southern Alps) during a summertime melt event. For the related publication refer to <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JD034217">https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JD034217</a>.</p>
Onshore & offshore WRF generated wind data
<p>These data sets provide the WRF [1] calculated wind data for Pritzwalk (onshore) and FINO3 (offshore) as Python dictionaries. Additionally, the files contain k-means cluster objects derived from these profiles. These data sets were used for power assessment and design exploration of Airborne Wind Energy Systems using the awebox [2] optimization toolbox.</p> <p> </p> <p>WRF setups are described in detail and used in publication [3,4,5].</p> <p>Wind data are interpolated to fixed heights of: [10, 28, 50, 70, 90, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 700, 800, 1000, 1200] meters above ground.</p> <p> </p> <p>Onshore wind data: </p> <ul> <li> <p>Location lat: 53° 10.78' N; long: 12° 11.35' E</p> </li> <li> <p>Time: 1 September 2015 - 31 August 2016</p> </li> <li> <p>Timestep: 10 min</p> </li> </ul> <p>Offshore wind data: </p> <ul> <li> <p>Location lat: 55° 11.7' N, long: 7° 9.5' E</p> </li> <li> <p>Time: 1 September 2013 - 31 August 2014</p> </li> <li> <p>Timestep: 10 min</p> </li> </ul> <p> </p> <p>The clusters are derived from both horizontal wind velocity components using the scikit-learn’s k-means clustering algorithm [6]. For our purposes, wind vectors were rotated such that the main wind speed always points in the same direction (u_main,u_deviation).</p> <p>[1]: <a href="https://www.mmm.ucar.edu/weather-research-and-forecasting-model"> Weather Research and Forecasting Model </a></p> <p>[2]: <a href="https://github.com/awebox/awebox">awebox</a></p> <p>[3]: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-4-563-2019">Improving mesoscale wind speed forecasts using lidar-based observation nudging for airborne wind energy systems</a></p> <p>[4]: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2020-120">Offshore and onshore ground-generation airborne wind energy power curve characterization </a></p> <p>[5]:<a href="https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2020-123">Ground-generation airborne wind energy design space exploration </a></p> <p>[6]: <a href="https://scikit-learn.org/stable/modules/generated/sklearn.cluster.KMeans.html">sklearn.cluster.KMeans</a></p>
WRF-Chem simulation results of Aerosol Optical Depth and PM2.5 concentrations
<p>This is the data for the manuscript submitted to JGR-Atmosphere: Simulations and characteristics of extreme aerosol events over eastern North America. </p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.