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4 results for “Western Tigray”
Top-secret internal communiction by DERG regarding the population of Welkait and Tsegede (Western Tigray, Ethiopia), 1984
<p>During the civil war in Ethiopia between the military “Derg” regime and the Tigray People’s Liberation Front (TPLF) the Dejena mountain range in Welkait became, around 1980, the main base for Tigray resistance against the Derg regime that was in power at the time. In the Ethiopian federal state, after 1991, Welkait became part of Tigray, Western Tigray zone, which is contested by the core Ethiopian Amhara elites. A rare communication document between Derg’s military command and the Ministry of Defense, dating back to 1984 has been retrieved, where they lament that the population of the Welkait and the adjacent Tselemti districts supports the TPLF, because the people are Tigrinya speakers. Up to this date, the archive is top-secret, and photos of the document were furtively taken. This typical document from the 1980s, prepared on carbon copy paper using a ge’ez font type writing machine, was shown to a well-informed Ethiopian analyst, who confirmed its authenticity.</p>
Data set: historical and ethno-linguistic maps covering Western Tigray (1607-2014)
<p>Excerpts of 142 co-eval historical and ethno-linguistic maps covering Western Tigray (Ethiopia).</p> <p>Original data, used to prepare the article</p> <p>Nyssen, J., Biadgilgn Demissie, 2023. Administrative and ethno-linguistic boundaries of Western Tigray (Ethiopia) since 1683. Journal of Maps.</p>
Western Tigray in 165 historical and 33 ethno-linguistic maps (1475-2014)
<p>There is a wide array of historical maps and records which jointly reveal that the territorial organisation of northern Ethiopia has tremendously changed over the last four centuries.</p> <p>Historical maps representing the Western Zone of the Tigray Region (Welkait and adjacent districts, Fig. 1) have been retrieved from well-established repositories. Only maps prepared in the same period (co-eval maps) were used. Each map was screened for representation of internal borders, indicating sway or territorial control. Out of 165 maps, spanning the period 1475-1967, 159 were precise enough to be analysed, of which 93 display territorial control. Descriptive statistics of the dataset as a whole are presented.</p> <p>Starting from the late 16<sup>th</sup> C., territorial control is frequently and clearly shown, with 57 maps (between 1570 and 1941) displaying a boundary that is located well south of the Tekeze River, or even south of the Simien mountains (Fig. 2). Welkait is explicitly included within a larger Tigray confederation (periods 1707-1794, 1829-1898, 1908-1909, and 1935-1941) (Fig. 3); it is briefly mapped as part of Amhara in 1891-1896 and part of Gondar from 1944-1990. At other periods it appears independent or part of a larger Mezaga (“dark earth”) lowland region. The Amhara/Gondar – Tigray border is mapped on the Tekeze River at short intervals in 1844-1847, 1860-1872, and 1891-1896 and then more permanently between 1944 and 1990. The meta-analyis of the historical maps shows that for the larger part of the last 300 years, Western Tigray has been under Tigray jurisdiction (Fig. 5). However, at times of upheaval, the territory has been briefly reorganized under either the Amhara polities or was autonomous.</p> <p>These maps demonstrate that the argument that Welkait was “<em>always</em> a part of Begemdir”, or else Amhara, is not based on evidence, apart from a territorial reorganisation in the mid-twentieth century. In contrast, contemporary Tigray is a valid territory, whose legitimacy stems from modern federalism’s faculty to create a region away from concepts of the Ethiopian empire-state. In 1991-4, when the boundaries of the Tigray Region were established as part of federal Ethiopia, local self-determination was way more important than historical maps. Remarkably, the consensus of the 20<sup>th</sup> C. ethno-linguistic maps of the Ethiopian state sustains the current extent of the Tigray region.</p> <p>In other words: the Amhara nationalist narrative that there was continuous ancestral ownership of Western Tigray is not confirmed by a meta-analysis of the historical maps. We conclude with the suggestion to especially consider the recent and subrecent actual world, including language maps.</p>
Western Tigray (Ethiopia): illustration of a mapping blunder
<p>In Ethiopia, the historical maps of Western Tigray are under scrutiny. Western Tigray is not only notable for the multiple war crimes committed there during the Tigray War, but is also a contested area between the Tigray and Amhara regions. It has been forcefully occupied by Amhara Special Forces and militias since the end of 2020.</p> <p>If one were to come in 50 years from now, some maps of 2020-2023 would appear with Western Tigray displayed as part of Amhara Region. For instance, on June 10<sup>th</sup>, 2021, UNOCHA and UN Geneva briefly published a map of Tigray (presumably using information provided by their staff in Addis Ababa) with large parts of Tigray incorporated in the Amhara Region</p>
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