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11 results for “Winter ecology”
Variation in Landsat 8-estimated land surface temperature with elevation from Spartina alterniflora marsh cross sections in the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems Long Term Ecological Research (GCE-LTER) site and Virginia Coast Reserve (VCR) LTER sites for winter and summer observations spanning 2013-2018
We estimated land surface temperature from top of atmosphere brightness temperature provided by Landsat 8's band 10 (a thermal band). We collected these measurements first for Spartina alterniflora dominated marsh near the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems Long Term Ecological Research (GCE-LTER) eddy covariance flux tower. Measurements were collected from pixels along three east-west cross sections that spanned a marsh edge to interior gradient. We extracted Landsat 8 data for all available cloud-free low tide dates during August, September, January and February during the years 2013 to 2018 and associated these with marsh elevation information from a 1 m^2 Digital Elevation Model (DEM), created by Haldik et al 2013, also available from the GCE data catalog (http://dx.doi.org/10.6073/pasta/4c5187ef603f70cd0a77ece24ef0fed9). We rescaled the DEM to the coarser spatial resolution of Landsat 8 (30 x 30 m) where the rescaled elevation was the mean of the constituent DEM values. Ultimately, we used generalized additive models to relate land surface temperature to elevation, while accounting for variation from spatial proximity, transect and sample date. These models revealed that land surface temperature was negatively related to marsh elevation on the marsh platform. We then confirmed the generality of this pattern by rederiving these same relationships for three cross sections of Spartina alterniflora marsh at Virginia Coast Reserve (VCR) LTER for winter sampling dates only (data also included here). DEM data for VCR LTER are available at https://www.vcrlter.virginia.edu/gisdata/LIDAR/USGS2015/. We used custom R functions that can convert Landsat 8 top of atmosphere brightness temperature or top of atmosphere radiance from band 10 data to land surface temperature, which are available at https://github.com/jloconnell/convert_top_of_atmosphere_thermal_to_land_surface_temperature. Currently, a provisional land surface temperature product is available on earthexplorer.usgs.gov, w
Unravelling winter diatom blooms in temperate lakes using high frequency data and ecological modeling
<p>This repository contains the dataset and the R script of the lake ecological model linked to the following publication:</p> <p>Article title: Unravelling winter diatom blooms in temperate lakes using high frequency data and ecological modeling</p> <p>Journal title: Water Research</p> <p>Article Number: 116681</p> <p>Abstract: In temperate lakes, it is generally assumed that light rather than temperature constrains phytoplankton growth in winter. Rapid winter warming and increasing observations of winter blooms warrant more investigation of these controls. We investigated the mechanisms regulating a massive winter diatom bloom in a temperate lake. High frequency data and process-based lake modeling demonstrated that phytoplankton growth in winter was dually controlled by light and temperature, rather than by light alone. Water temperature played a further indirect role in initiating the bloom through ice-thaw, which increased light exposure. The bloom was ultimately terminated by silicon limitation and sedimentation. These mechanisms differ from those typically responsible for spring diatom blooms and contributed to the high peak biomass. Our findings show that phytoplankton growth in winter is more sensitive to temperature, and consequently to climate change, than previously assumed. This has implications for nutrient cycling and seasonal succession of lake phytoplankton communities. The present study exemplifies the strength in integrating data analysis with different temporal resolutions and lake modeling. The new lake ecological model serves as an effective tool in analyzing and predicting winter phytoplankton dynamics for temperate lakes.</p>
Continuous soil temperature measurements at 10 cm depth from 3 month-long deployments in summer and winter within the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems Long Term Ecological Research (GCE-LTER) site in 2017 and 2018
To understand the influence of marsh elevation and flooding on soil temperature in Spartina alterniflora marsh, we measured soil temperature at 10 cm depth along two transects that spanned a marsh edge to interior gradient. We then associated those measurements with elevation, creek water height and vegetation characteristics. Soil temperature was logged every 15 min with a Hobo Onset Tidbit Pendant Temperature probe in Spartina alterniflora-dominated marsh near the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems Long Term Ecological Research (GCE-LTER) eddy covariance flux tower. Measurements were collected along two transects of approximately 250 m in length from 18 plots (transect 1) or 20 plots (transect 2) and over 3 sample deployments of approximately 1 month in length: 27 Jul – 31 Aug 2017 (transect 1), 8 Jan – 13 Feb 2018 (transect 1) and 23 Aug – 18 Sep 2018 (transect 2). Plot elevations along each transect were measured with a Trimble R6 RTK after probes were installed in the marsh. Creek water heights were estimated with the pressure transducer associated with the GCE-LTER eddy covariance flux tower data. Spartina alterniflora height forms were measured for each sample station during August as the mean of all stem heights within 0.25 m quadrants centered over each soil probe location. While these data are 24 hr soil temperature measurements, during all three deployments, we found that daily mean soil temperature was negatively correlated with marsh elevation on the marsh platform during low tide conditions, which represented the majority of the observations.
Fig. 3 in Ornithological Fauna Of The Waste Water Treatment Plants In The Northern Left Bank Ukraine (Chernihiv And Kyiv Regions): Winter Populations And Ecological Structure
Fig. 3. Similarity clusters of bird populations' species composition in winter according to the water treatment facilities' biotopic zones: 1 — zone of water bodies; 2 — dam zone; 3 — technological zone 4 — meadows agricultural zone.
Fig. 3 in Contribution To Ecology Of Brandt'S Bat, Myotis Brandtii (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) In The North-Eastern Ukraine: Comparison Of Local Summer And Winter Bat Assemblages
Fig. 3. Body mass (g) characteristic of females (F) and (M) of M. brandtii in periods of spring departure April (S_dep) and swarming August (Swarm) from the Tetlega mines (dot — mean value, line — median value, whiskers — min and max values, not filling circles — outliers).
Fig. 2 in Contribution To Ecology Of Brandt'S Bat, Myotis Brandtii (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) In The North-Eastern Ukraine: Comparison Of Local Summer And Winter Bat Assemblages
Fig. 2. Forearm length (mm) of females (F) and males (M) of M. brandtii from Tetlega mines (dot — mean value, line — median value, whiskers — min and max values).
Fig. 1 in Contribution To Ecology Of Brandt'S Bat, Myotis Brandtii (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) In The North-Eastern Ukraine: Comparison Of Local Summer And Winter Bat Assemblages
Fig. 1. Allocation of M. brandtii (Mbra) and M. daubentonii (Mdau) inside the Tetlega mines from November to April (n — number of counted bats); A — in crevices or open, B — on walls or ceiling.
Data from: Body temperature, heart rate, and activity patterns of two boreal homeotherms in winter: homeostasis, allostasis, and ecological coexistence
<ol> <li>Organisms survive environmental variation by combining homeostatic regulation of critical states with allostatic variation of other traits, and species differences in these responses can contribute to coexistence in temporally-variable environments.</li> <li>In this paper, we simultaneously record variation in three functional traits – body temperature (Tb), heart rate, and activity - in relation to three forms of environmental variation – air temperature (Ta), photoperiod, and experimentally-manipulated resource levels – in free-ranging snowshoe hares and North American red squirrels to characterize distinctions in homeotherm responses to the extreme conditions of northern boreal winters.</li> <li>Hares and squirrels differed in the level and precision of Tb regulation, but also in the allostatic pathways necessary to maintain thermal homeostasis. Hares demonstrated a stronger metabolic pathway (through heart rate variation reflective of the thermogenesis), while squirrels demonstrated a stronger behavioral pathway (through activity variation that minimizes cold exposure).</li> <li>As intermediate-sized, winter-active homeotherms, hares and squirrels share many functional attributes, yet, through the integrated monitoring of multiple functional traits in response to shared environmental variation, our study reveals many pairwise species differences in homeostatic and allostatic traits, that both define and are defined by the natural history, functional niches, and coexistence of sympatric species.</li> </ol>
Data from: Body temperature, heart rate, and activity patterns of two boreal homeotherms in winter: homeostasis, allostasis, and ecological coexistence
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Ecological relationships among habitat type, food nutrients, parasites and hormones in wild boar during winter
<p>Habitat quality and parasite assembly influence wildlife health, and they are key indicators of health and survivability of wildlife populations. To investigate the potential ecological relationships among habitat type, food nutrients, parasites and hormones in wild boar (<i><span>Sus scrofa</span></i>), we collected samples of wild boar feces and available plants in their habitat <span>by line transects during winter</span><span>. </span><span>Along transects, we identified the composition of plants foraged by wild boar and measured the content of nutrients in available plants to estimate nutrient intake. We also quantified parasites and hormones in wild boar fecal samples. We compared food nutrients among different forest types and explored possible relationships among estimated nutrient intake, parasites and hormones.</span><span> We found coniferous forest</span><span> had positive effects on estimated fat intake and negative effects on estimated protein and fiber intake by wild boar</span><span>. Furthermore, we revealed that </span><span>estimated fat intake was negatively correlated with </span><i><span><span>Metastrongylus elongatus </span></span></i><span>parasites and positively correlated with triiodothyronine (T3). In contrast, estimated protein intake was positively correlated with </span><i><span><span>M. elongatus</span></span></i><span> and negatively correlated with T3. </span><span>Finally, we found </span><span>negative relationship</span><span>s</span><span> between T3 concentrations and loads of </span><i><span><span>Ascaris suum</span></span></i><span> parasites and between cortisol (COR) and loads of </span><i><span><span>Trichuris suis</span></span></i><span> parasites.</span><i> </i><span>T</span><span>hese insights on ecological relationships help identify potential dietary parameters in winter that could help predict and manage parasite and hormone responses for wild boar population recovery.</span>Habitat quality and parasite assembly influence wildlife health, and they are key indicators of health and survivability of wildlife populations. To investigate the potential ecological relationships among habitat type, food nutrients, parasites and hormones in wild boar (<i><span>Sus scrofa</span></i>), we collected samples of wild boar feces and available plants in their habitat <span>by line transects during winter</span><span>. </span><span>Along transects, we identified the composition of plants foraged by wild boar and measured the content of nutrients in available plants to estimate nutrient intake. We also quantified parasites and hormones in wild boar fecal samples. We compared food nutrients among different forest types and explored possible relationships among estimated nutrient intake, parasites and hormones.</span><span> We found coniferous forest</span><span> had positive effects on estimated fat intake and negative effects on estimated protein and fiber intake by wild boar</span><span>. Furthermore, we revealed that </span><span>estimated fat intake was negatively correlated with </span><i><span><span>Metastrongylus elongatus </span></span></i><span>parasites and positively correlated with triiodothyronine (T3). In contrast, estimated protein intake was positively correlated with </span><i><span><span>M. elongatus</span></span></i><span> and negatively correlated with T3. </span><span>Finally, we found </span><span>negative relationship</span><span>s</span><span> between T3 concentrations and loads of </span><i><span><span>Ascaris suum</span></span></i><span> parasites and between cortisol (COR) and loads of </span><i><span><span>Trichuris suis</span></span></i><span> parasites.</span><i> </i><span>T</span><span>hese insights on ecological relationships </span><span>help identify potential dietary parameters in winter that could help predict and manage parasite and hormone responses for wild boar population recovery.</span></p>
Ecological relationships among habitat type, food nutrients, parasites and hormones in wild boar during winter
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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