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178 results for “Zamiaceae”
Fig. 2 in A first record of Anatrachyntis badia (Hodges 1962) (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae) on Zamia integrifolia (Zamiaceae)
Fig. 2. Moths that emerged from Zamia integrifolia are Anatrachintis badia. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree of genus Anatrachyntis including 109 Anatrachyntis CO1 sequences from Barcode of Life Database. Representative photographs and localities are included.
Fig. 1 in A first record of Anatrachyntis badia (Hodges 1962) (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae) on Zamia integrifolia (Zamiaceae)
Fig. 1. Pollen found on Anatrachyntis badia wing hairs suggest that A. badia could be involved in pollination of Zamia integrifolia. Anatrachyntis badia: dorsal view (1), ventral view (2), lateral habitus view (3). Microscope magnification of wing edges: 4× (A), 40× (B), 40× (C).
Supplementary material 1 from: Martínez-Domínguez L, Nicolalde-Morejón F, Lorea-Hernández FG, Vergara-Silva F, Stevenson DWm (2020) A novelty in Ceratozamia (Zamiaceae, Cycadales) from the Sierra Madre del Sur, Mexico: biogeographic and morphological patterns, DNA barcoding and phenology. PhytoKeys 156: 1-25. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.156.53502
File S1. GenBank accession numbers of sequences used in the analyses for ITS and matK, respectively. Sequences were generated by this study are in bold.
Data from: Pleistocene diversification in an ancient lineage: a role for glacial cycles in the evolutionary history of Dioon Lindl. (Zamiaceae).
Premise of the study: Recent estimates of crown ages for cycad genera (Late Miocene) challenge us to consider what processes have produced the extant diversity of this ancient group in such relatively little time. Pleistocene climate change has driven major shifts in species distributions in Mexico and may have led to speciation in the genus Dioon by forcing populations to migrate up in elevation thereby becoming separated by topography. Methods: We inferred orthologs from transcriptomes of five species and sequenced these in 42 individuals representing all Dioon species. From these data and published plastid sequences we inferred dated species trees and lineage-specific diversification rates. Key results: 84 nuclear orthologs and plastid data confirm four major clades within Dioon, all of Pleistocene age. Gene tree analysis, divergence dates, and an increase in diversification rate support very recent and rapid divergence of extant taxa. Conclusions: This study confirms the Pleistocene age of Dioon species and implicates Pleistocene climate change and established topography in lineage spitting. These results add to our understanding of the cycads as evolutionarily dynamic lineages, not relicts or evolutionary dead ends. We also find that well-supported secondary calibration points can be reliable in the absence of fossils. Our hypothesis of lineage splitting mediated by habitat shifts may be applicable to other taxa that are restricted to elevation specific ecotones.
FIGURE 13 in A reassessment of Dioon merolae (Zamiaceae) leads to the description of Dioon salas-moralesae, a new cycad species from Southeastern Oaxaca, Mexico
FIGURE 13. Dioon salas-moralesae in the locality of Santiago Lachiguiri, Oaxaca. (A) Adult plants with erect trunk. (B) Open crown of leaves. (C) Megastrobilus.
FIGURE 11 in A reassessment of Dioon merolae (Zamiaceae) leads to the description of Dioon salas-moralesae, a new cycad species from Southeastern Oaxaca, Mexico
FIGURE 11. Strobili of Dioon salas-moralesae sp. nov. in living plants from the type locality in San Miguel Tenango, Oaxaca. (A) Microstrobilus. (B) Megastrobilus.
FIGURE 12 in A reassessment of Dioon merolae (Zamiaceae) leads to the description of Dioon salas-moralesae, a new cycad species from Southeastern Oaxaca, Mexico
FIGURE 12. Adult plants of Dioon salas-moralesae in the type locality (San Miguel Tenango, Oaxaca). (A) Plant showing ascendant crown of leaves. (B) Plant with erect trunk. (C) Close-up of megastrobilus.
FIGURE 10 in A reassessment of Dioon merolae (Zamiaceae) leads to the description of Dioon salas-moralesae, a new cycad species from Southeastern Oaxaca, Mexico
FIGURE 10. Dioon salas-moralesae sp. nov. (A) Adult female plant viewed from below and details of trunk. (B) View from above showing the shape of leaves in living plant. (C) Group of plants. (D) Seeds (scale = 2 cm). (E) Detail of petiole (scale = 2 cm). (F) Abaxial view of leaf; note imbricate leaflets (scale = 10 cm). Photo A by Takuro Ito.
FIGURE 2 in A reassessment of Dioon merolae (Zamiaceae) leads to the description of Dioon salas-moralesae, a new cycad species from Southeastern Oaxaca, Mexico
FIGURE 2. Leaf variation among populations in the Dioon merolae species complex. Details of the median portion of leaves of (A) D. oaxacensis, (B) D. salas-moralesae, (C) D. merolae. Scales = 10 cm.
FIGURE 1 in A reassessment of Dioon merolae (Zamiaceae) leads to the description of Dioon salas-moralesae, a new cycad species from Southeastern Oaxaca, Mexico
FIGURE 1. Distribution map of the surveyed populations in this study. (A) The three lineages revealed in Gutiérrez-Ortega et al. (2020a) were recognized as D. oaxacensis (Pops1–2) (Gutiérrez-Ortega et al., 2020b), D. merolae-West (here described as D. salas-moralesae sp. nov.) (Pops 3–6) and D. merolae (Pops7–10). Other populations that were not sampled for this study, but belong to D. oaxacensis or D. salas-moralesae are indicated with smaller, non-numbered circles. (B) Our previous genetic study using 1745 unlinked genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms obtained with Restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (Gutiérrez-Ortega et al., 2020a) revealed that D. oaxacensis (oax) is sister to D. merolae (mer) and the new species D. salas-moralesae (sal). D. salas-moralesae and D. merolae are separated by the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, an important barrier, consistent with the idea that they refer to distinct biological units. Population numbers correspond to those shown in Table 1.
FIGURE 5 in A reassessment of Dioon merolae (Zamiaceae) leads to the description of Dioon salas-moralesae, a new cycad species from Southeastern Oaxaca, Mexico
FIGURE 5. Comparison of megastrobili of three examined lineages in the Dioon merolae species complex. (A) Lateral view of D. oaxacensis, D. salas-moralesae and D. merolae. (B) The color of basal scales can distinguish the three species. Scales in each panel are indicated. Photos by José García.
FIGURE 6 in A reassessment of Dioon merolae (Zamiaceae) leads to the description of Dioon salas-moralesae, a new cycad species from Southeastern Oaxaca, Mexico
FIGURE 6. Comparison of sporophylls of three examined lineages in the Dioon merolae species complex. (A) Abaxial side of microsporophylls. (B) Abaxial side of megasporophylls. Scales in each panel are indicated. Photos by José García.
FIGURE 8 in A reassessment of Dioon merolae (Zamiaceae) leads to the description of Dioon salas-moralesae, a new cycad species from Southeastern Oaxaca, Mexico
FIGURE 8. Seed size comparison among the three examined lineages: Dioon oaxacensis (oax), D. salas-moralesae and D. merolae. Different lowercase letters among bars indicate significant differentiation according to the ANOVA test.
FIGURE 4 in A reassessment of Dioon merolae (Zamiaceae) leads to the description of Dioon salas-moralesae, a new cycad species from Southeastern Oaxaca, Mexico
FIGURE 4. Comparison of microstrobili of three examined lineages in the Dioon merolae species complex: D. oaxacensis, D. salasmoralesae and D. merolae. Scale is indicated. Photos by José García.
FIGURE 3 in A reassessment of Dioon merolae (Zamiaceae) leads to the description of Dioon salas-moralesae, a new cycad species from Southeastern Oaxaca, Mexico
FIGURE 3. Leaf size variation among examined populations. (A) Dioon oaxacensis has wider leaves and leaflets inserted at more acute angles along the rachis than other lineages. (B) D. salas-moralesae has the wide leaflets, leaflets are slightly imbricated and slightly deflected apically. (C–D) Leaves of D. merolae may vary in width depending of the population, but are well recognized by having leaflets strongly imbricated and strongly deflected apically. (C = Leaf of plant from Campanario, Chiapas; D = Leaf of plant from Tonalá, the type population). (E) General view of leaf variation.
FIGURE 7 in A reassessment of Dioon merolae (Zamiaceae) leads to the description of Dioon salas-moralesae, a new cycad species from Southeastern Oaxaca, Mexico
FIGURE 7. Variation of morphological traits among the three examined Dioon species: D. oaxacensis (oax), D. salas-moralesae (sal) and D. merolae (mer). Whiskers indicate standard deviation. Different lowercase letters among bars indicate significant differentiation according to the ANOVA test. Plots A–O correspond to the traits listed in Tables 2 and 3: A: circumference of trunk (cm), B: number of leaves, C: length of lamina (cm), D: length of petiole (cm), E: length of rachis (cm), F: number of leaflets, G: length of basal leaflet (mm), H: length of median leaflet (mm), I: length of apical leaflet (mm), J: width of basal leaflet (mm), K: width of median leaflet (mm), L: width of apical leaflet (mm), M: length of articulation of basal leaflet (mm), N: length of articulation of mid leaflet (mm), O: length of articulation of apical leaflet (mm).
FIGURE 6 in Two new species of Pharaxonothinae beetles (Coleoptera: Erotylidae) inhabiting cones of the cycad Ceratozamia santillanii Pérez-Farr. & Vovides (Cycadales: Zamiaceae) in Mexico
FIGURE 6. Pharaxonotha perezi (A–F: female holotype): A–C) dorsal, lateral and ventral habitus (male habitus with no discernable difference); D–F) head, dorsal, lateral and ventral views; G) tegmen attached to median lobe (top) genital capsule (bottom), ventral views; H) tegmen attached to median lobe, lateral view; I) parameres of tegmen, (top to bottom) ventral and lateral views; J) spermatheca; K) female genitalia, ventral view. Scale bars: white = 1 mm for A, B & C; brown = 0.5 mm for D, E & F; gray = 0.5 mm for G, H & K; black = 0.1 mm for I & J.
FIGURE 2 in Two new species of Pharaxonothinae beetles (Coleoptera: Erotylidae) inhabiting cones of the cycad Ceratozamia santillanii Pérez-Farr. & Vovides (Cycadales: Zamiaceae) in Mexico
FIGURE 2. Spermatheca of Pharaxonotha from Jalpan de Cerra, Querétaro, Mexico indicating the diagnostic structures and orientations used in descriptions and key.
FIGURE 4 in Two new species of Pharaxonothinae beetles (Coleoptera: Erotylidae) inhabiting cones of the cycad Ceratozamia santillanii Pérez-Farr. & Vovides (Cycadales: Zamiaceae) in Mexico
FIGURE 4. Ceratophila chipjonesi male holotype: A–F: A–C) dorsal, lateral and ventral habitus; D–F) head dorsal, lateral and ventral views, arrow indicates tuff of setae projecting laterally from submentum; G) tegmen attached to median lobe, (top to bottom) ventral and lateral views; H) male genital capsule, ventral view; I) parameres of tegmen, ventral view; J) paramere, lateral view. Scale bars: white = 1 mm for A, B & C; brown = 0.5 mm for D, E & F; gray = 0.5 mm for G & H; black = 0.1 mm for I & J.
FIGURE 1 in Two new species of Pharaxonothinae beetles (Coleoptera: Erotylidae) inhabiting cones of the cycad Ceratozamia santillanii Pérez-Farr. & Vovides (Cycadales: Zamiaceae) in Mexico
FIGURE 1. Scatter plot score derived from the functions produced by stepwise discriminant analysis of 3 anatomical characters from five populations of Ceratophila: A: males; B: females. PC1 is related to the two characters of: ratio of pronotal length to pronotal width (PL/PW) and ratio of pronotal length to elytra length (PL/EL). PC2 is related to the character: ratio of head width to ventral interocular distance (HW/VI)
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