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30 results for “Zonotrichia”
Machine learning reveals that climate, geography, and cultural drift all predict bird song variation in coastal Zonotrichia leucophrys
<p>Previous work has demonstrated that there is extensive variation in the songs of White-crowned Sparrow (<em>Zonotrichia leucophrys</em>) throughout the species range, including between neighboring (and genetically distinct) subspecies <em>Z. l. nuttalli </em>and <em>Z. l. pugetensis</em>. Using a machine learning approach to bioacoustic analysis, we demonstrate that variation in song is correlated with year of recording (representing cultural drift), geographic distance, and climatic differences, but the response is subspecies- and season-specific. Automated machine learning methods of bird song annotation can process large datasets more efficiently, allowing us to examine 1,913 recordings across ~60 years. We utilize a recently published artificial neural network to automatically annotate White-crowned Sparrow vocalizations. By analyzing differences in syllable usage and composition, we recapitulate the known pattern where <em>Z. l. nuttalli </em>and <em>Z. l. pugetensis </em>have significantly different songs. Our results are consistent with the interpretation that these differences are caused by the changes in characteristics of syllables in the White-crowned Sparrow repertoire. This supports the hypothesis that the evolution of vocalization behavior is affected by the environment, in addition to population structure.</p>
Data for: Atypical singing is associated with developmental stress and zero fitness in a male white-throated sparrow (Zonotrichia albicollis)
<p>Here we provide data for a manuscript in which we describe the atypical song of a male white-throated sparrow (<em>Zonotrichia albicollis</em>). We observed this male over multiple breeding seasons at our Cranberry Lake study site (Adirondack Mountains; New York; 44.15N, 74.78W). We recorded the male singing, and also made observations regarding his failure to obtain reproductive success. In addition, as the male was banded as a nestling, we were able to compare his morphometric measurements at the time to the population average. Our observations of this unique individual support a connection between developmental stress, atypical song, and fitness outcomes.</p>
Machine learning reveals that climate, geography, and cultural drift all predict bird song variation in coastal Zonotrichia leucophrys
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Social connections across migration: Do Golden-crowned sparrows (Zonotrichia atricapilla) that socialize in winter also breed together?
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Data from: Behavioral response to song and genetic divergence in two subspecies of white-crowned sparrows (Zonotrichia leucophrys)
Divergence in sexual signals may drive reproductive isolation between lineages, but behavioral barriers can weaken in contact zones. Here, we investigate the role of song as a behavioral and genetic barrier in a contact zone between two subspecies of white-crowned sparrows (Zonotrichia leucophrys). We employed a reduced genomic dataset to assess population structure and infer the history underlying divergence, gene flow and hybridization. We also measured divergence in song and tested behavioral responses to song using playback experiments within and outside the contact zone. We found that the subspecies form distinct genetic clusters, and demographic inference supported a model of secondary contact. Song phenotype, particularly length of the first note (a whistle), was a significant predictor of genetic subspecies identity and genetic distance along the hybrid zone, suggesting a close link between song and genetic divergence in this system. Individuals from both parental and admixed localities responded significantly more strongly to their own song than to the other subspecies song, supporting song as a behavioral barrier. Putative parental and admixed individuals were not significantly different in their strength of discrimination between own and other songs; however, individuals from admixed localities tended to discriminate less strongly, and this difference in discrimination strength was explained by song dissimilarity as well as genetic distance. Therefore, we find that song acts as a reproductive isolating mechanism that is potentially weakening in a contact zone between the subspecies. Our findings also support the hypothesis that intra-specific song variation can reduce gene flow between populations.
Song and genetic divergence within a subspecies of white-crowned sparrow (Zonotrichia leucophrys nuttalli)
<p><span>Animal culture evolves alongside </span><span>genomes</span><span>, and</span><span> the two modes of inheritance—culture and genes—interact in myriad ways.</span> <span>For example,</span><span> stable geographic variation </span><span>in culture can act as </span><span>a </span><span>reproductive barrier</span><span>, </span><span>thereby producing genetic divergence</span><span> between "cultural populations</span><span>.</span><span>"</span> <span>White-crowned sparrows (</span><span>Zonotrichia</span> <span>leucophrys</span><span>) are a </span><span>well-established</span><span> model species for bird song</span><span> learning</span><span> and cultural evolution</span><span>, as t</span><span>hey </span><span>have </span><span>distinct</span><span>, </span><span>geographically </span><span>discrete</span><span>, and culturally transmitted</span> <span>song </span><span>types</span><span> (i.e., song dialects)</span><span>. </span><span>In this study, we tested </span><span>the hypothesis that</span> <span>divergence between </span><span>culturally transmitted </span><span>songs </span><span>drive</span><span>s</span> <span>genetic divergence</span> <span>with</span><span>in Nuttall's white-crowned sparrows (</span><span>Z. l. </span><span>nuttalli</span><span>).</span><span> In accordance with sexual selection theory, we hypothesized that cultural divergence between mating signals both preceded and generated genetic divergence.</span><span>We characterized the population structure and song variation in the subspecies and found two </span><span>genetic</span><span>ally differentiated</span> <span>populations </span><span>whose</span><span> boundary</span> <span>coincid</span><span>es</span><span> with a major </span><span>song </span><span>boundary</span><span> at Monterey Bay</span><span>, California</span><span>.</span> <span>We then</span><span> conducted a song playback experiment </span><span>that </span><span>demonstrated males discriminate between songs based on their degree of divergence from the</span><span>ir</span><span> local dialect</span><span>. These results</span> <span>support</span><span> the idea that discrimination against non-local songs</span><span> is driving genetic divergence between the northern and southern populations. </span><span>Altogether, t</span><span>his</span><span> study</span><span> provides evidence that</span><span> cultura</span><span>lly transmitted bird songs can act as the foundation for speciation by sexual selection</span><span>.</span></p>
Data from: Loss of flockmates weakens winter site fidelity in golden-crowned sparrows (Zonotrichia atricapilla)
<p>Animal social interactions have an intrinsic spatial basis—individuals must be close in space to interact, whether directly (e.g., co-occurrence, allo-grooming) or indirectly (e.g., interact with latrines or with parasites at communal nests). This presents a dilemma when determining causality: do individuals interact socially because they happen to share space, or do they share space because they are socially linked? We present a method that uses demographic turnover events as a natural experiment to investigate the links between social associations and space use in the context of inter-annual winter site fidelity in a migratory bird. We previously found that golden-crowned sparrows (<em>Zonotrichia atricapilla</em>) show consistent flocking relationships across years, and that familiarity between individuals influences the dynamics of social competition over resources. Using long-term data on winter social and spatial behavior across 10 years, we show that (i) sparrows exhibit inter-annual fidelity to winter home ranges on the scale of tens of meters and (ii) the precision of inter-annual spatial fidelity increases with age, but (iii) this fidelity is weakened when sparrows lose social partners from the previous year. Furthermore, the effect of social partner loss on spatial fidelity was higher for older birds, suggesting that social fidelity may play an increasingly important role on spatial behavior across the lifetime of this migratory bird. Our study provides evidence that social relationships can influence spatial fidelity, and shows the potential of long-term studies for disentangling the relationship between social and spatial behavior.</p>
Data from: Behavioral response to song and genetic divergence in two subspecies of white-crowned sparrows (Zonotrichia leucophrys)
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Song and genetic divergence within a subspecies of white-crowned sparrow (Zonotrichia leucophrys nuttalli)
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Data from: Loss of flockmates weakens winter site fidelity in golden-crowned sparrows (Zonotrichia atricapilla)
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Data from: Selection on a single locus drives plumage differentiation in the Rufous-collared Sparrow (Zonotrichia capensis)
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Mitochondrial remodeling supports migration in White-crowned Sparrows (Zonotrichia leucophrys)
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FIGURE 33 in Menacanthus bonariensis new species (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae), parasitic on the Whitebellied Sparrow, Zonotrichia capensis hypoleuca (Todd, 1915) (Aves: Passeriformes: Fringillidae) in
FIGURE 33. Geographic range of Zonotrichia capensis hypoleuca (Todd, 1915) in Argentina (left) and in Buenos Aires Province (right), indicating the three major sampling sites: 1, Punta Piedras, Partido de Punta Indio; 2, La Balandra, Partido de Berisso; 3, Laguna Bellaca, Partido de San Vicente.
FIGURES 28–32 in Menacanthus bonariensis new species (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae), parasitic on the Whitebellied Sparrow, Zonotrichia capensis hypoleuca (Todd, 1915) (Aves: Passeriformes: Fringillidae) in
FIGURES 28–32. Oviposition sites of the five louse species recorded from Zonotrichia capensis hypoleuca (Todd, 1915) within the study area, corresponding to five individual hosts from the following localities: 28 and 31, Punta Piedras 6X1984; 29, La Balandra 12XII1986; 30, General Mansilla (13 km W from La Balandra) 18XII1984; 32 ditto 4XII1985. Abbreviations: MG Menacantus bonariensis n. sp., ML Machaerilaemus cfr. laticorpus (Carriker, 1903), MM Machaerilaemus maestus (Kellogg, 1899), Ph Philopterus n. sp., RD Ricinus diffusus (Kellogg, 1896). For further explanation see text.
FIGURES 10–16. Menacanthus bonariensis n in Menacanthus bonariensis new species (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae), parasitic on the Whitebellied Sparrow, Zonotrichia capensis hypoleuca (Todd, 1915) (Aves: Passeriformes: Fringillidae) in
FIGURES 10–16. Menacanthus bonariensis n. sp.: 10, 11, and 12 Nymphs III, II and I, respectively (dorsal and ventral, all at same scale); 13–16 cephalic setal complex and sensillum c: 13, male; 14, nymph III; 15, nymph II; 16, nymph I (all at same scale). Scale in micrometers (µm).
FIGURES 7–9. Menacanthus bonariensis n in Menacanthus bonariensis new species (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae), parasitic on the Whitebellied Sparrow, Zonotrichia capensis hypoleuca (Todd, 1915) (Aves: Passeriformes: Fringillidae) in
FIGURES 7–9. Menacanthus bonariensis n. sp., male: 7, habitus (dorsal and ventral); 8, genitalia (dorsal and ventral); 9, genital sac and "penis", extruded. Scale in micrometers (µm).
FIGURES 1–6. Menacanthus bonariensis n in Menacanthus bonariensis new species (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae), parasitic on the Whitebellied Sparrow, Zonotrichia capensis hypoleuca (Todd, 1915) (Aves: Passeriformes: Fringillidae) in
FIGURES 1–6. Menacanthus bonariensis n. sp.: 1, female (dorsal and ventral); 2–6, ventral spinous processes of the head, drawn at same scale: 2, female; 3, male; 4, nymph III; 5, nymph II; 6, nymph I. Scale in micrometers (µm).
FIGURES 17–20. Menacanthus bonariensis n in Menacanthus bonariensis new species (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae), parasitic on the Whitebellied Sparrow, Zonotrichia capensis hypoleuca (Todd, 1915) (Aves: Passeriformes: Fringillidae) in
FIGURES 17–20. Menacanthus bonariensis n. sp., ventral spinous processes of the head, gular plate, pro, meso and metasternum: 17, male; 18, nymph III; 19, nymph II; 20, nymph I (at same scale). Scale in micrometers (µm).
FIGURES 21–27. Menacanthus bonariensis n in Menacanthus bonariensis new species (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae), parasitic on the Whitebellied Sparrow, Zonotrichia capensis hypoleuca (Todd, 1915) (Aves: Passeriformes: Fringillidae) in
FIGURES 21–27. Menacanthus bonariensis n. sp.: 21, whole egg glued to a lower barb of a gular feather (opercular phanerum broken off); 22, operculum; 23–24, views of operculi showing irregularly spaced air chambers; 25–27, hatching organ of the embryonary cuticle of three nearly mature embryos. Scale in micrometers (µm).
FIGURE 6 in Two new feather mite species of the family Analgidae (Acariformes: Analgoidea) from the Rufous-collared Sparrow Zonotrichia capensis (Müller, 1776) (Passeriformes: Passerellidae)
FIGURE 6. Strelkoviacarus brasiliensis sp. nov., legs. A, B—legs I and II of male, C, D—tibia and tarsus III and IV of male, E, F—tarsus III and IV of female, G—spermatheca. Abbreviations: ed—external copulatory duct, hs—head of spermathecal, pd—primary duct, sd—secondary ducts.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.