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102 results for “abiotic factors”
Effects of biotic (shrimp) and abiotic (discharge) factors on the depositional environment quantified in a montane stream in Puerto Rico. (Shrimp/Algae/Can J. Fish Aquat. Sci. (1994))
Effects of biotic (shrimp) and abiotic (discharge) factors on the depositional environment were quantified in a montane stream in Puerto Rico. Electricity was used experimentally to exclude large (approximately >1cm in length) biota without artificially increasing sedimentation as in cage enclosure/exclosure experiments in stream systems. Shrimp (>1cm in length) were excluded from substrata by semicircular fence hooked up to battery-powered fence chargers which emitted continuous pulses of electricity. Unelectrified control substrata had natural high densities of atyid shrimp. Significantly greater masses of total sediment, fine and large organic particles, and algal biovolume occurred in shrimp exclusion treatments relative to controls. Shrimp exclusion treatments experienced slow and steady accumulation of sediments under base flow conditions and a large stepwise increase in sediment following a storm. No measurable sediment accrued in the presence of natural densities of shrimp under base flow conditions. Shrimp rapidly removed sediments that accrued during the storm (440-620 g*m2 dry mass-1), decreasing sediment mass in control treatments to near prestorm levels (5-13 g*m2 dry mass-1) within 30 h. Atyid shrimp can significantly affect the accumulation of organic and inorganic materials on rock substrata in stream pools between high-discharge events. Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional support provided by the University of Puerto Rico and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service.
Abiotic factors modify ponderosa pine regeneration outcomes after high-severity fire
<p>Large high-severity burn patches are increasingly common in southwestern US dry conifer forests. Seed-obligate conifers often fail to quickly regenerate large patches because their seeds rarely travel the distances required to reach the core patch area. Abiotic factors may further alter the distance seeds can travel to regenerate a patch, which would change expected post-fire regeneration patterns. We used the presence and density of ponderosa pine regeneration as a proxy for seed dispersal to quantify the effect of abiotic factors on seed dispersal into high-severity patches. We established 45 transects in burn patches across the Gila National Forest, NM, USA to measure regeneration density in areas that varied by aspect, slope, and prevailing wind direction relative to intact forest. We modeled the effect of abiotic features on regeneration presence and density, comparing density estimates against a distance-only model to assess differences in model performance and expected regeneration density. We found the highest regeneration densities on north-facing aspects that were near, downwind, and downslope of intact forest, which decreased in density and likelihood as conditions for seed dispersal became less favorable. Accounting for abiotic factors improved model performance and increased regeneration density estimates compared to the distance-only model. Our findings indicate that regeneration presence and density vary as a function of the interaction between abiotic factors and distance to the primary seed source, which is determined by patch characteristics. Therefore, abiotic factors will have a smaller effect on regeneration outcomes in large, simple patches, which have more area further from the patch edge.</p>
Figure 2 in Tracking of spatial changes in the structure of the zooplankton community according to multiple abiotic factors along a hypersaline lagoon
Figure 2. Variation of multiple factors (temperature, salinity, oxygen (mg.L-1), and pH) in each collection station over the sampled months of 2010 and 2011.
Figure 1 in Tracking of spatial changes in the structure of the zooplankton community according to multiple abiotic factors along a hypersaline lagoon
Figure 1. Map of the coast of the state of Rio de Janeiro pointing out the 8 sampling stations of the Araruama lagoon.
Figure 4 in Tracking of spatial changes in the structure of the zooplankton community according to multiple abiotic factors along a hypersaline lagoon
Figure 4. Temporal correlations between larvae of Cirripedia and Acartia tonsa (A) and between Acartia tonsa and temperature (B).
Figure 3 in Tracking of spatial changes in the structure of the zooplankton community according to multiple abiotic factors along a hypersaline lagoon
Figure 3. Relationship between temperature, salinity, and pH and their effect on the abundance of Cirripedia larvae over the months.
Figure 5 in Tracking of spatial changes in the structure of the zooplankton community according to multiple abiotic factors along a hypersaline lagoon
Figure 5. Variation of zooplankton density in each collection station, variations in the index of Shannon-Weaver which measures the Diversity (H) and the Pielou's uniformity which measures the Equitability (J) over the sampled months.
Interactive and unimodal relationships between plant biomass, abiotic factors, and plant diversity in global grasslands
<p>The R file CodeGrasslandBiomass contains all R code necessary to reproduce all results of the manuscript “Interactive and unimodal relationships between plant biomass, abiotic factors, and plant diversity in global grasslands” based on the data in the csv file DataGB.</p> <p> </p>
Transcription factors in moss development and defenses against abiotic and biotic stress_dataset
<p>Lists of <em>P. patens</em> genes encoding transcription factors belonging to AP2/ERF, bHLH, GRAS, MYB, NAC and WRKY families differentially expressed in transcriptomes related to response to biotic interactions, abiotic stress, and hormones.</p>
Zooplankton recovery from a whole‐lake disturbance: Examining roles of abiotic factors, biotic interactions, and traits
<p>Community assembly following disturbance is a key process in determining the composition and function of the future community. However, replicated studies of community assembly at whole ecosystem scales are rare. Here, we describe a series of whole-lake experiments in which the recovery of zooplankton communities was tracked following an ecosystem-scale disturbance, i.e., application of the piscicide, rotenone. Using a BACI design, fourteen lakes in eastern Washington were studied: seven lakes were treated with rotenone, while seven lakes acted as reference systems. Each lake was monitored up to six months before and one to two years after the rotenone treatments. Zooplankton samples and environmental measurements were collected approximately monthly from each lake. Community responses following disturbance were assessed using metrics of abundance, diversity, and community composition, as well as taxonomic group abundance. Zooplankton recovery was also assessed using species traits related to habitat, feeding mode, trophic level, body size, and life history. In addition to patterns of recovery, potential mechanisms were explored relating to abiotic conditions, biotic interactions, and traits. There were steep declines in the abundance (average across years: 99%) and diversity (average across years: 75%) of the zooplankton community following rotenone treatment. Although abundance had recovered by the second year of the study, community diversity had not fully recovered after two years. Communities from rotenone lakes appeared to be compositionally recovered within about eight months following disturbance. Cyclopoid copepods were typically the first group to recover, and remained dominant for a few months, whereas cladocerans recovered more slowly, typically within ~6-7 months following rotenone. Calanoid copepods were not fully recovered two years after rotenone treatment. Traits related to body size and feeding mode were associated with the zooplankton communities following rotenone treatment. We failed to observe significant spatial synchrony in recovery patterns of zooplankton across lakes, though we did observe significant synchrony of zooplankton taxonomic groups within lakes. These findings suggest that traits related to ecological function, and to a lesser extent, biotic and abiotic factors, as well as characteristics of the disturbance itself, may be important in helping to understand recovery processes. </p>
Impacts of abiotic and biotic factors on terrestrial leeches in
<p>Haemadipsid leeches are ubiquitous inhabitants of tropical and sub-tropical forests in the Indo-Pacific region. They are increasingly used as indicator taxa for biomonitoring, yet very little is known about their basic ecology. For example, to date no study has assessed the occurrence and distribution of haemadipsid leeches across naturally occurring gradients within intact habitats. We analysed a long-term data set (2012-2020) on the closely related tiger (Haemadipsa picta) and brown (Haemadipsa spp.) leech species to investigate if and how abiotic and biotic factors influence their occurrence across a gradient of forest types at an undisturbed tropical rainforest site in Indonesian Borneo. We compared a series of negative binomial mixed models and found that, of the abiotic factors, soil moisture had the largest positive effect on encounter rates of both leech species. Among biotic factors, forest type had differential effects on counts of the two species: while tiger leech counts were greater in low elevation forest types, brown leech counts were greater in high elevation forest types. Additionally, we found that the presence of one species had a positive effect on the presence of the other species. Finally, our results show that the tiger leech has a narrower distribution, being restricted to lower elevation forest types with higher water retention, suggesting that the tiger leech could be more sensitive to lower soil moisture levels.</p>
Figure 5 in Seasonal Abundance of Economically Important Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae) in Bangladesh, in Relation to Abiotic Factors and Host Plants
Figure 5. Distribution and mean monthly trap captures of Dacus longicornis, in relation with abiotic factors and host fruit availability.
Figure 4 in Seasonal Abundance of Economically Important Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae) in Bangladesh, in Relation to Abiotic Factors and Host Plants
Figure 4. Distribution and mean monthly trap captures of Zeugodacus cucurbitae (A) and Z. tau (B), in relation with abiotic factors and host fruit availability.
Figure 3 in Seasonal Abundance of Economically Important Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae) in Bangladesh, in Relation to Abiotic Factors and Host Plants
Figure 3. Distribution and mean monthly trap captures of Bactrocera rubigina (A) and B. correcta (B), in relation with abiotic factors.
Figure 2 in Seasonal Abundance of Economically Important Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae) in Bangladesh, in Relation to Abiotic Factors and Host Plants
Figure 2. Distribution and mean monthly trap captures of Bactrocera dorsalis (A) and B. zonata (B), in relation with abiotic factors and host fruit availability.
Figure 1. A in Seasonal Abundance of Economically Important Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae) in Bangladesh, in Relation to Abiotic Factors and Host Plants
Figure 1. A: Fruit fly trapping sites maintained at the Atomic Energy Research Establishment compound in Bangladesh in 2016–2017 (sites 1 to 10) and 2017–2018 (sites 1, 8, 9). B: Mean monthly rainfall and minimum and maximum temperature recorded in Dhaka, Bangladesh, during the study period.
Figure 4 in Diurnal vertical distribution of zooplankton in a newly formed reservoir (Tahtalı Reservoir, Kocaeli): the role of abiotic factors and chlorophyll a
Figure 4. The vertical distribution of A) K. cochlearis, B) P. vulgaris, C) P. sulcata, D) total Rotifera, E) B. longirostris, F) total Cladocera, G) copepod nauplii, and H) total Copepoda, denoted by the time of sampling.
Fig. 3 in Gastrointestinal parasite infestation in the alpine mountain hare (Lepus timidus varronis): Are abiotic environmental factors such as elevation, temperature and precipitation affecting prevalence of parasite species?
Fig. 3. Parasite infestation in faeces and ambient temperature. Correlation between parasite infestation in Alpine mountain hare faeces (n = 52) and average, minimal, and maximal temperature found in Vorarlberg (Austria) during the years 2014 and 2015. Count visualises the number of faecal samples. See text for details on statistics.
Fig. 2 in Gastrointestinal parasite infestation in the alpine mountain hare (Lepus timidus varronis): Are abiotic environmental factors such as elevation, temperature and precipitation affecting prevalence of parasite species?
Fig. 2. Number of parasite types per faeces and severity of parasitic infestation. Correlation between number of parasite types per Alpine mountain hare faeces and severity of parasitic infestation (n = 28) found in Vorarlberg (Austria) during the years 2014 and 2015. Count visualises the number of faecal samples. The severity of infestation is indicated by scattered ((+)), low (+), intermediate (++), and high (+++) infestation. See text for details on statistics.
Fig. 2 in Biotic factors are more important than abiotic factors in regulating the abundance of Plutella xylostella L., in Southern Brazil
Fig. 2. Abundance of Plutella xylostella on broccoli (A) and cauliflower crops (B) in the county of Colombo, Paraná State, Southern Brazil.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
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