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28 results for “acorn barnacle”
Data from: The effects of parasitism on sex allocation of a hermaphroditic acorn barnacle
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Data from: Testing adaptive hypotheses on the evolution of larval life history in acorn and stalked barnacles
Despite strong selective pressure to optimize larval life history in marine environments, there is a wide diversity with regard to developmental mode, size and time larvae spend in the plankton. In the present study, we assessed if adaptive hypotheses explain the distribution of the larval life history of thoracican barnacles within a strict phylogenetic framework. We collected environmental and larval trait data for 170 species from the literature, and utilized a complete thoracican synthesis tree to account for phylogenetic non-independence. In accordance with Thorson's rule, the fraction of species with planktonic-feeding larvae declined with water depth and increased with water temperature, while the fraction of brooding species exhibited the reverse pattern. Species with planktonic-nonfeeding larvae were overall rare, following no apparent trend. In agreement with the "size advantage" hypothesis proposed by Strathmann in 1977, egg and larval size were closely correlated. Settlement-competent cypris larvae were larger in cold water, indicative of advantages for large juveniles when growth is slowed. Planktonic larval duration, on the other hand, was uncorrelated to environmental variables. We conclude that different selective pressures appear to shape the evolution of larval life history in barnacles.
Data from: Testing adaptive hypotheses on the evolution of larval life history in acorn and stalked barnacles
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Data from: Macro-to-nanoscale investigation of wall-plate joints in the acorn barnacle Semibalanus balanoides: correlative imaging, biological form and function, and bioinspiration
Correlative imaging combines information from multiple modalities (physical–chemical–mechanical properties) at various length scales (centimetre to nanometre) to understand the complex biological materials across dimensions (2D–3D). Here, we have used numerous coupled systems: X-ray microscopy (XRM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), optical light microscopy (LM) and focused ion beam (FIB-SEM) microscopy to ascertain the microstructural and crystallographic properties of the wall-plate joints in the barnacle Semibalanus balanoides. The exoskeleton is composed of six interlocking wall plates, and the interlocks between neighbouring plates (alae) allow barnacles to expand and grow while remaining sealed and structurally strong. Our results indicate that the ala contain functionally graded orientations and microstructures in their crystallography, which has implications for naturally functioning microstructures, potential natural strengthening and preferred oriented biomineralization. Elongated grains at the outer edge of the ala are oriented perpendicularly to the contact surface, and the c-axis rotates with the radius of the ala. Additionally, we identify for the first time three-dimensional nanoscale ala pore networks revealing that the pores are only visible at the tip of the ala and that pore thickening occurs on the inside (soft bodied) edge of the plates. The pore networks appear to have the same orientation as the oriented crystallography, and we deduce that the pore networks are probably organic channels and pockets, which are involved with the biomineralization process. Understanding these multiscale features contributes towards an understanding of the structural architecture in barnacles, but also their consideration for bioinspiration of human-made materials. The work demonstrates that correlative methods spanning different length scales, dimensions and modes enable the extension of the structure–property relationships in materials to form and function of organisms.
FIGURE 6 in Morphology and distribution of the acorn barnacle Tetraclita reni nom. nov. (Crustacea: Cirripedia) in Madagascar and adjacent waters
FIGURE 6. Tetraclita rufotincta. (from South Yemen). Scanning electron micrographs showing (A) cirrus I; (B) cirrus II; (C) cirrus III; (D–F) serrulate setae; (G) plumose setae; (H) blade shaped serrulate setae; (I) bidentate serrate setae; (J) serrulate setae; (K) cirrus IV; (L) serrulate setae of cirrus IV; (M) simple setae found on cirri I–IV. Scale bars in μm.
FIGURE 5 in Morphology and distribution of the acorn barnacle Tetraclita reni nom. nov. (Crustacea: Cirripedia) in Madagascar and adjacent waters
FIGURE 5. Tetraclita reni nom. nov. (from Cape Diego, Madagascar). Scanning Electron Micrographs showing (A) labrum; (B) teeth on labrum; (C) serrulate setae found on posterior surface of labrum; (D) mandible; (E) lower angle of mandible; (F) serrulate setae on mandible surface; (G) maxilla; (H) serrulate setae on maxilla; (I) maxillule; (J) serrulate setae on maxillule; (K) mandibulatory palp; (L) serrulate setae on mandibulatory palp. Scale bars in μm.
FIGURE 4 in Morphology and distribution of the acorn barnacle Tetraclita reni nom. nov. (Crustacea: Cirripedia) in Madagascar and adjacent waters
FIGURE 4. Tetraclita reni. nom. nov. (from Cape Diego, Madagascar) Scanning Electron Micrographs showing (A) cirrus I; (B) cirrus II; (C) cirrus III; (D–F) serrulate setae; (G) plumose setae; (H) blade shaped serrulate setae; (I) multicuspidate setae; (J, K) serrulate setae; (L) bidentate serrate setae; (M) cirrus IV; (N) simple setae; (O) serrulate setae found on cirri I–IV. Scale bars in μm.
FIGURE 3 in Morphology and distribution of the acorn barnacle Tetraclita reni nom. nov. (Crustacea: Cirripedia) in Madagascar and adjacent waters
FIGURE 3. Tetraclita reni nom. nov. Stereomicroscope drawing of (A) cirrus I, (B) cirrus II, (C) cirrus III. Tetraclita rufotincta, (D) cirrus I, (E) cirrus II, (F) cirrus III. ex – exopodite. en – endopodite. Scale bars in μm.
FIGURE 2 in Morphology and distribution of the acorn barnacle Tetraclita reni nom. nov. (Crustacea: Cirripedia) in Madagascar and adjacent waters
FIGURE 2. (A) Scutum and tergum of Tetraclita reni nom. nov. from Connoniers Point, Mauritius, and Fort Dalphin, Madagascar, and redrawing of type specimen of Ren (1989), collected from Sainte Luce, Madagascar. All opercular plates and type illustration in (A) share same scale bar; (B) scutum and tergum of Tetraclita rufotincta from South Yemen, Kenya and Aldabra. (A) and (B) white arrows indicate the morphological differences of the basi-scutual angle (ba) and the sharpness of the spur (sp) between T. reni nom. nov. and T. rufotincta; (C) bidentate serrate setae of T. rufotincta (from South Yemen) observed under light microscopy; (D) multicuspidate setae of T. reni nom. nov. (from Mauritius) observed under light microscopy. (C) and (D) shared the same scale bars in μm.
FIGURE 7 in Morphology and distribution of the acorn barnacle Tetraclita reni nom. nov. (Crustacea: Cirripedia) in Madagascar and adjacent waters
FIGURE 7. Tetraclita rufotincta. (from South Yemen). (A) labrum; (B) teeth on labrum; (C) serrulate setae found on posterior surface of labrum; (D) mandible; (E) lower angle of mandible; (F) serrulate setae on mandible surface; (G) mandibulatory palp; (H) serrulate setae on mandibulatory palp; (I) maxillule; (J) serrulate setae on maxillule; (K) maxilla; (L) serrulate setae on maxilla. Scale bars in μm.
FIGURE 1 in Morphology and distribution of the acorn barnacle Tetraclita reni nom. nov. (Crustacea: Cirripedia) in Madagascar and adjacent waters
FIGURE 1. Collection sites of samples examined. Closed black circles indicate sites where T. reni nom. nov. were identified. Open circles indicate the sites where T. rufotincta were identified. Yemen is shown in the insert map due to its farther location. Arrows indicate the oceanographic currents in the region; black arrows indicate the East Madagascar Current, grey arrows the anti-cyclonic eddies. Patterns of oceanographic currents shown were modified from map in Gopal et al. (2006).
Supplementary material 2 from: Pochai A, Kingtong S, Sukparangsi W, Khachonpisitsak S (2017) The diversity of acorn barnacles (Cirripedia, Balanomorpha) across Thailand's coasts: The Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. Zoosystematics and Evolution 93(1): 13-34. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769
Arthropodal characters of Tetraclita singaporensis : Explanation note: Tetraclita singaporensis collected from (BUU16.TC.TSG02) from Na Tai beach, Phang-nga. A.-I. Light microscopy on arthropodal characters. A. Cirri I, B.-C. Close up on cirri I showing serrulate setae, D. Cirri II, E.-F. Close up on cirri II showing serrulate setae, G. Maxillule, H. Mandible, I. Labrum.
Supplementary material 3 from: Pochai A, Kingtong S, Sukparangsi W, Khachonpisitsak S (2017) The diversity of acorn barnacles (Cirripedia, Balanomorpha) across Thailand's coasts: The Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. Zoosystematics and Evolution 93(1): 13-34. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769
Arthropodal characters of Tetraclita squamosa : Explanation note: Tetraclita squamosa collected from Hin Ngam beach, Nakhon Si Thammarat (BUU16.TC.TS01). A.-I. Light microscopy on arthropodal characters. A. Cirri I, B.-C. Close up on cirri I showing serrulate setae, D. Cirri II, E.-F. Close up on cirri II showing serrulate setae, G. Maxillule, H. Mandible, I. Labrum.
Supplementary material 1 from: Pochai A, Kingtong S, Sukparangsi W, Khachonpisitsak S (2017) The diversity of acorn barnacles (Cirripedia, Balanomorpha) across Thailand's coasts: The Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. Zoosystematics and Evolution 93(1): 13-34. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769
Arthropodal characters of Tetraclita kuroshioensis : Explanation note: Tetraclita kuroshioensis collected from (BUU16.TC.TK01) from Na Tai beach, Phang-nga. A.-I. Light microscopy on arthropodal characters. A. Cirri I, B.-C. Close up on cirri I showing serrulate setae, D. Cirri II, E.-F. Close up on cirri II showing serrulate setae, G. Maxillule, H. Mandible, I. Labrum.
Data from: Macro-to-nanoscale investigation of wall-plate joints in the acorn barnacle Semibalanus balanoides: correlative imaging, biological form and function, and bioinspiration
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Data from: Experimental tests of sex allocation theory with two species of simultaneously hermaphroditic acorn barnacles
Sex allocation theory for simultaneous hermaphrodites predicts increases in relative allocation to male-specific function as competition for fertilizations increases. Theoretical models developed specifically for competing acorn barnacles predict that the proportional allocation to male function increases towards an asymptote of 50% as the number of competitors for fertilizations increases. Experimental manipulations were used to investigate how mate competition affected both relative and absolute allocation to the sex functions for two species of acorn barnacle: Semibalanus balanoides and Balanus glandula. The ratio of male to female allocation did not increase with the number of competitors for either species. However, both species showed increased allocation to male function (estimated as total mass of sex-specific tissues) with increased crowding. Allocation to female function seemed to be limited by other factors and did not vary with mating group size as predicted. Allocation to male and female function were both positively related to body size, but a trade-off between male and female function, a key assumption of prior models, was not observed.
Figure 1 from: Pochai A, Kingtong S, Sukparangsi W, Khachonpisitsak S (2017) The diversity of acorn barnacles (Cirripedia, Balanomorpha) across Thailand's coasts: The Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. Zoosystematics and Evolution 93(1): 13-34. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769
Figure 1 - Map showing all sampling locations (A) and habitat characteristics (B) of acorn barnacles found along the coastlines of the Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. See Table 1 for acronyms of sampling sites. (modified from http://marinegiscenter.dmcr.go.th/gis/)
Figure 11 from: Pochai A, Kingtong S, Sukparangsi W, Khachonpisitsak S (2017) The diversity of acorn barnacles (Cirripedia, Balanomorpha) across Thailand's coasts: The Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. Zoosystematics and Evolution 93(1): 13-34. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769
Figure 11 - Megabalanus tintinnabulum collected from Na Tai beach, Phang-nga (BUU16.BN.MT01). A. Dorsal and ventral view of external shell, B. External (left panel) and internal (right panel) view of tergum (upper panel) and scutum (lower panel), C. External (upper panel) and internal (lower panel) view of shell plates. Abbreviations: c, carina; cl, carinal latus; l, latus; r, rostrum.
Figure 2 from: Pochai A, Kingtong S, Sukparangsi W, Khachonpisitsak S (2017) The diversity of acorn barnacles (Cirripedia, Balanomorpha) across Thailand's coasts: The Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. Zoosystematics and Evolution 93(1): 13-34. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769
Figure 2 - Chthamalus malayensis collected from Ka Lim beach, Phuket (BUU16.CH.CM07). A. Dorsal and ventral view of external shell, B. External (left panel) and internal (right panel) view of tergum (upper panel) and scutum (lower panel), C. External (upper panel) and internal (lower panel) view of shell plates, D–G. Light microscopy on mouthparts, D. Close up of cirri I showing conical spines(↑), E. Cirri II, F. Close up on cirri II showing multi-cuspidate setae with basal guard(↓), G. Mandible with four large teeth. D-G. Scale bars in µm. Abbreviations: c, carina; cl, carinal latus; l, latus; r, rostrum.
Figure 10 from: Pochai A, Kingtong S, Sukparangsi W, Khachonpisitsak S (2017) The diversity of acorn barnacles (Cirripedia, Balanomorpha) across Thailand's coasts: The Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. Zoosystematics and Evolution 93(1): 13-34. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769
Figure 10 - Amphibalanus reticulatus collected from Si Racha beach, Chon Buri (BUU16.BN.AR01, A; BUU16.BN.AR 03, B & C). A. Dorsal and ventral view of external shell, B. External (left panel) and internal (right panel) view of tergum (upper panel) and scutum (lower panel), C. External (upper panel) and internal (lower panel) view of shell plates. Abbreviations: c, carina; cl, carinal latus; l, latus; r, rostrum.
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OpenNeuro
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