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12 results for “acoustic niche”
Vibroscape analysis reveals acoustic niche overlap and plastic alteration of vibratory courtship signals in ground-dwelling wolf spiders
<p>Soundscape ecology has enabled researchers to investigate natural interactions among biotic and abiotic sounds as well as their influence on local animals. To expand the scope of soundscape ecology to encompass substrate-borne vibrations (i.e. vibroscapes), we developed methods for recording and analyzing sounds produced by ground-dwelling arthropods to characterize the vibroscape of a deciduous forest floor using inexpensive contact microphone arrays followed by automated sound filtering and detection in large audio datasets. Through the collected data, we tested the hypothesis that closely related species of <em>Schizocosa</em> wolf spider partition their acoustic niche. In contrast to previous studies on acoustic niche partitioning, two closely related species - <em>S. stridulans</em> and <em>S. uetzi</em> - showed high acoustic niche overlap across space, time, and/or signal structure. Finally, we examined whether substrate-borne noise, including anthropogenic noise (e.g., airplanes) and heterospecific signals, promotes behavioral plasticity in signaling behavior to reduce the risk of signal interference. We found that all three focal <em>Schizocosa</em> species increased the dominant frequency of their vibratory courtship signals in noisier signaling environments. Also, <em>S. stridulans</em> males displayed increased vibratory signal complexity with an increased abundance of <em>S. uetzi</em>, their sister species with which they are highly overlapped in the acoustic niche.</p>
Soundscape records (.wav files) used for: Species Assembly of Highland Anuran Communities in Equatorial Africa (Virunga Massif): Soundscape, Acoustic Niches, and Partitioning
<p>The data set comprises sample recordings used for a paper published in "Animals" .</p> <p>Title: "Species assembly of highland anuran communities in equatorial Africa (Virunga Massif): soundscape, acoustic niches and partitioning", authors: Ulrich Sinsch<sup>1</sup>*, Deogratias Tuyisingize<sup>2</sup>, J. Maximilian Dehling<sup>1</sup> and Yntze van der Hoek<sup>2; </sup><sup>1</sup> Institute of Integrated Sciences, Department of Biology, University of Koblenz, D-56070 Koblenz, Germany; <a href="mailto:sinsch@uni-koblenz.de">sinsch@uni-koblenz.de</a>, <a href="mailto:dehling@uni-koblenz.de">dehling@uni-koblenz.de; </a><sup>2 </sup>Dian Fossey Gorilla Fund, Ellen DeGeneres Campus, Kinigi, Rwanda; <a href="mailto:dtuyisingize@gorillafund.org">dtuyisingize@gorillafund.org</a>, <a href="mailto:yvanderhoek@gorillafund.org">yvanderhoek@gorillafund.org</a> .</p> <p>Citation: Animals 2024, 14, 2360. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14162360 </p> <p>https://www.mdpi.com/journal/animals</p> <p> </p> <p>Descriptor of each file is the heading. Example:</p> <p>Ngezi 20191217_190000 castaneus glandicolor karissimbensis kivuensis</p> <p>Ngezi = Locality in VNP;</p> <p>20191217_190000 = record date December 17, 2019, at 19.00 h = 7 pm</p> <p>castaneus glandicolor karissimbensis kivuensis = Anuran species recorded <em>Hyperolius castaneus, Hyperolius</em> <em>glandicolor, Leptopelis karissimbensis</em> and <em>Leptopelis kivuensis</em>.</p> <p>Further details are given in the text of the paper</p>
FIGURE 5 in Timing Is Everything: Acoustic Niche Partitioning in Two Tropical Wet Forest Bird Communities
FIGURE 5 | Comparison of observed and expected number of pairs of species with overlapping vocalization frequencies in each location (significance "**"α = 0.01). The null distributions were generated using 500 randomizations of species distribution across locations (keeping species richness per location unchanged).
FIGURE 4 in Timing Is Everything: Acoustic Niche Partitioning in Two Tropical Wet Forest Bird Communities
FIGURE 4 | Comparison of observed and expected number of heterospecific pairs of vocalizations with overlapping vocalization times and frequencies in each location (significance "***"α = 0.001, "**"α = 0.01). The null distributions were generated using 500 randomizations of the beginning of vocalizations (keeping number, length and spectral characteristics unchanged).
FIGURE 3 in Timing Is Everything: Acoustic Niche Partitioning in Two Tropical Wet Forest Bird Communities
FIGURE 3 | Comparison of species vocalization characteristics (A,B), the number of vocalizations per 5-min record (C), and number of species recorded per location (D) between Costa Rica (CR) and Hawai'i (HI) (P-value indicates the significance of Wilcoxon's rank sum test).
FIGURE 2 in Timing Is Everything: Acoustic Niche Partitioning in Two Tropical Wet Forest Bird Communities
FIGURE 2 | List of detected species with their vocalization ranges (left figures) and their locations of occurrence (right figures) in Costa Rica and Hawai'i. On the left figures, gray background represents potential overlapping in a given frequency, the darker the background, the higher the number of species using this frequency.
FIGURE 1 in Timing Is Everything: Acoustic Niche Partitioning in Two Tropical Wet Forest Bird Communities
FIGURE 1 | Species accumulation curves (mean of 500 iterations) for each of six recording locations in Costa Rica and Hawai'i.
Vibroscape analysis reveals acoustic niche overlap and plastic alteration of vibratory courtship signals in ground-dwelling wolf spiders
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Data for: Phantom rivers filter birds and bats by acoustic niche
<p>Natural sensory environments, despite strong potential for structuring systems, have been neglected in ecological theory. Here, we test the hypothesis that intense natural acoustic environments shape animal distributions and behavior by broadcasting whitewater river noise in montane riparian zones for two summers. We find that both birds and bats avoid areas with high sound levels, while birds avoid frequencies that overlap with birdsong, and bats avoid higher frequencies more generally. Behaviorally, intense sound levels decrease foraging in birds, whereas bats appear to switch hunting strategies from passive listening to aerial hawking as sound levels increase. Natural acoustic environments are an underappreciated niche axis, a conclusion that serves to escalate the urgency of mitigating human-created noise.</p>
Data for: Phantom rivers filter birds and bats by acoustic niche
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Timing is everything: Acoustic niche partitioning in two tropical wet forest bird communities
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>When acoustic signals sent from individuals overlap in frequency and time, acoustic interference and signal masking may occur. Under the acoustic niche hypothesis (ANH), signaling behavior has evolved to partition acoustic space and minimize overlap with other calling individuals through selection on signal structure and/or the sender's ability to adjust the timing of signals. Alternately, under the acoustic clustering hypothesis, there is potential benefit to convergence and synchronization of the structural or temporal characteristics of signals in the avian community, and organisms produce signals that overlap more than would be expected by chance. Interactive communication networks may also occur, where species living together are more likely to have songs with convergent spectral and or temporal characteristics. In this study, we examine the fine-scale use of acoustic space in montane tropical wet forest bird communities in Costa Rica and Hawai'i. At multiple recording stations in each community, we identified the species associated with each recorded signal, measured observed signal overlap, and used null models to generate random distributions of expected signal overlap. We then compared observed vs. expected signal overlap to test predictions of the acoustic niche and acoustic clustering hypotheses. We found a high degree of overlap in the signal characteristics (frequency range) of species in both Costa Rica and Hawai'i, however, as predicted under ANH, species significantly reduced observed overlap relative to the random distribution through temporal partitioning. There was little support for acoustic clustering or the prediction of the network hypothesis that species segregate across the landscape based on the frequency range of their vocalizations. These findings constitute strong support that there is competition for acoustic space in these signaling communities, and this has resulted primarily in temporal partitioning of the soundscape.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Timing is everything: Acoustic niche partitioning in two tropical wet forest bird communities
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