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287 results for “adverse effects”
Selpercatinib treatment of RET mutated thyroid cancers is associated with gastrointestinal adverse effects
<p><strong>Background:</strong></p> <p>Metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) and radioactive iodine refractory differentiated thyroid carcinoma (RAI-R DTC) have poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Selpercatinib (LOXO-292), a selective kinase inhibitor targeting the <em>RET</em> gene, has shown a 69-79% objective responses have been observed in this cohort (1) with benefits in other tumours harbouring the same oncogenic driver (2). Published reports describe only 17% of patients experiencing gastrointestinal Adverse effects (AE) which is in contrast to our local experience. Here we characterise the AE and correlate with radiological and histopathological findings. </p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong></p> <p>Sequential patients enrolled in LIBRETTO-001 at Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney with available imaging (n=22) were recruited. Patients had regular visits with AE documented and CT scans 3 monthly. CT at screening, at time of gastrointestinal AE and at most recent follow up were reviewed and scored. Endoscopic examination was performed in five patients.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong></p> <p>Of 22 patients in this cohort, the majority had somatic <em>RET </em>alterations (n=18), most commonly <em>p.Met918Thr</em> (n=14). Ten patients (50%) developed gastrointestinal adverse effects. Dose reduction was required in 8 of the 10 patients, but none discontinued therapy. The majority had stable disease (n=17). Gastric and small bowel oedema was evident in symptomatic patients after a median time of 67 weeks’ treatment. Histological correlation in five patients revealed mucosal oedema correlating with radiological evidence of congestion and oedema.</p> <p><strong>Discussion: </strong></p> <p>Gastrointestinal AEs with selpercatinib may be more common than previously described. Most are self-limiting but often require dose adjustments. Histological evidence of mucosal oedema observed in conjunction with the radiological findings of congestion and wall thickening suggest that bowel wall oedema is a predominant mechanism of abdominal pain in these patients.</p>
Figure 3 in High-temperature stress induces bacteria-specific adverse and reversible effects on Ulva (Chlorophyta) growth and its chemosphere in a reductionist model system
Figure 3: Temperature shift experiment from 18 °C to 30 °C. (A) After the temperature shift, the longitudinal growth of the propagules of equal length in three different tripartite communities was measured with ImageJ software and compared with the established model system for
Figure 2 in High-temperature stress induces bacteria-specific adverse and reversible effects on Ulva (Chlorophyta) growth and its chemosphere in a reductionist model system
Figure 2: Bioassay for morphogenetic activity performed at 18 °C. Using a tripartite community with Ulva mutabilis, the morphogenetic activity of the thallusin-releasing bacteria Maribacter sp. was complemented by one out of the four strains isolated from the surface of Ulva ohnoi. Under standard conditions, axenic gametes (A) were cultivated in the tissue culture flask with the tested bacteria alone (B–E), in the presence of Roseovarius sp. (G–J) or with Maribacter sp. MS6 (L–O) in comparison to the controls (F and K). Arrows with closed heads indicate protrusion formation due to the lack of thallusin released by Maribacter sp. Arrows with open heads indicate rhizoid formation in the presence of Maribacter sp. Magnification bar = 100 µm.
Figure 1 in High-temperature stress induces bacteria-specific adverse and reversible effects on Ulva (Chlorophyta) growth and its chemosphere in a reductionist model system
Figure 1: Workflow. Selected bacteria IH2, IH18, IH25, and G8 were collected from the surface of Ulva ohnoi, phenocopying the activity of Roseovarius sp. MS2 and forming a tripartite community with Maribacter sp. MS6 and the gametophyte of Ulva mutabilis (morphotype "slender"; strain FSU-UM5-1). Ulva mutabilis (25 mg dry weight) was cultivated with the two bacterial strains (OD620 = 0.001) under standard conditions (Wichard and Oertel 2010). Propagules of equal length were stressed by a temperature shift from 18 °C to 30 °C using continuous light (80 µmol photon m−2 s−1) to avoid chronobiological effects. Axenic cultures and tripartite communities were prepared according to Spoerner et al. (2012). exo-Metabolomics and multivariate analysis of the metabolite profiling of the supernatant (150 mL) of four tripartite communities were performed according to Alsufyani et al. (2017) and Ghaderiardakani et al. (2022). Drawings of Ulva were taken from Wichard (2023) under the terms of CC BY 4.0. Created with BioRender.com.
Fig. 3 in Does Bacillus thuringiensis have adverse effects on the host egg location by parasitoid wasps?
Fig. 3. Parasitism percentage (A) and emergence (B) (mean ± standard error) of Trichogramma pretiosum from Helicoverpa zea eggs treated with two formulated (Agree and ® Dipel) and two strains (HD1 and HD11) of Bacillus thuringiensis. Sete Lagoas, MG, Brazil.
Fig. 2 in Does Bacillus thuringiensis have adverse effects on the host egg location by parasitoid wasps?
Fig. 2. Response of Trichogramma pretiosum Riley, 1879 (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) females in Y-tube olfactometer: air (control), Agree , Dipel , HD 1, or HD 11 versus clean eggs of Helicoverpa zea. Each bar represents a single replicate experiment involving liberation of 20 wasps with response (Chi-square Test, **p <0.01, see text for more explanation). Sete Lagoas, MG, Brazil.
Early life adversity has sex-dependent effects on survival across the lifespan in rhesus macaques
<p>Data for: Early life adversity has sex-dependent effects on survival across the lifespan in rhesus macaques</p> <p>Patterson, S.K., Andonov, E., Arre, A.M., Martinez, M.I., Negron-Del Valle, J.E., Petersen, R.M, Phillips, D., Rahman, A., Ruiz-Lambides, A., Villanueva, I., Lea, A.J., Snyder-Mackler, N., Brent, L.J., Higham, J.P. "Early life adversity has sex-dependent effects on survival across the lifespan in rhesus macaques." 2024. <em>Philosophical Transactions B. </em></p> <p> </p>
Beyond microplastics: Water soluble synthetic polymers exert sublethal adverse effects in the freshwater cladoceran Daphnia magna - experimental Dataset
<p>This Dataset contains the raw experimental data for the article "Beyond microplastics: Water soluble synthetic polymers exert sublethal adverse effects in the freshwater cladoceran Daphnia magna" by Simona Mondellini, Matthias Schott, Martin G.J. Löder, Seema Agarwal, Andreas Greiner, Christian Laforsch. Published on Science of the Total Environment (2022) <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157608">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157608</a><br> The file "dataset information" contains a description of the other files.</p>
High-temperature stress induces bacteria-specific adverse and reversible effects on Ulva (Chlorophyta) growth and its chemosphere in a reductionist model system
<p>This dataset contains raw files from a mass spectrometric analysis of the exo-metabolome of the green macroalga <em>Ulva mutabilis</em> (Chlorophyta).</p>
Data from: Single cell RNA-seq analysis reveals that prenatal arsenic exposure results in long-term, adverse effects on immune gene expression in response to Influenza A infection
<p>Arsenic exposure via drinking water is a serious environmental health concern. Epidemiological studies suggest a strong association between prenatal<i> </i>arsenic exposure and subsequent childhood respiratory infections, as well as morbidity from respiratory diseases in adulthood, long after systemic clearance of arsenic.<i> </i>We investigated the impact of exclusive prenatal arsenic exposure on the inflammatory immune response and respiratory health after an adult influenza A (IAV) lung infection. C57BL/6J mice were exposed to 100 ppb sodium arsenite<i> in utero,</i> and subsequently infected with IAV (H1N1) after maturation to adulthood. Assessment of lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) at various time points post IAV infection reveals greater lung damage and inflammation in arsenic exposed mice versus control mice. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of immune cells harvested from IAV infected lungs suggests that the enhanced inflammatory response is mediated by dysregulation of innate immune function of monocyte derived macrophages, neutrophils, NK cells, and alveolar macrophages. Our results suggest that prenatal arsenic exposure results in lasting effects on the adult host innate immune response to IAV infection, long after exposure to arsenic, leading to greater immunopathology. This study provides the first direct evidence that exclusive prenatal exposure to arsenic in drinking water causes predisposition to a hyperinflammatory response to IAV infection in adult mice, which is associated with significant lung damage.</p>
Meerkat helpers buffer the detrimental effects of adverse environmental conditions on fecundity, growth and survival
<p>1. Recent comparative studies show that cooperative breeding is positively correlated with harsh and unpredictable environments and it is suggested that this association occurs because helpers buffer the negative effects of adverse ecological conditions on fitness.</p> <p>2. In the Kalahari, rainfall varies widely between- and within years, affecting primary production and the availability of the principal prey of cooperatively breeding Kalahari meerkats, Suricata suricatta. Our study aimed to establish whether the presence and number of helpers buffer the negative effects of variation in rainfall on the fecundity and body mass of breeding females, and the survival and growth of pups.</p> <p>3. We investigate the relationship between group size and variation in rainfall on dominant female fecundity, body mass, and offspring survival and growth using an additive modeling approach on twenty-one years of individual-based records of the life histories of individual meerkats.</p> <p>4. We show that breeding female fecundity is reduced during periods of low rainfall but that the effects of low rainfall are mitigated by increases in group size and body mass because heavier females and those in larger groups have increased fecundity and reduced interbirth intervals. Pup growth and survival are also reduced during periods of low rainfall, but more so in smaller groups.</p> <p>5. Our results support the suggestion that cooperative breeding mitigates the detrimental effects of adverse environmental conditions and may enhance the capacity of species to occupy environments where food availability is low and unpredictable.</p>
Adverse effects of remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, and lopinavir/ritonavir when used for COVID-19: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials
<p><strong>Background</strong>: To summarize specific adverse effects of remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, and lopinavir/ritonavir in patients with COVID-19.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong>: We searched 32 databases through 27 October 2020. We included randomized trials comparing any of the drugs of interest to placebo or standard care, or against each other. We conducted fixed-effects pairwise meta-analysis and assessed the certainty of evidence using the GRADE approach.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: We included 16 randomized trials which enrolled 8226 patients. For most interventions and outcomes the certainty of the evidence was very low to low except for gastrointestinal adverse effects from hydroxychloroquine, which was moderate certainty. Compared to standard care or placebo, low certainty evidence suggests that remdesivir may not have an important effect on acute kidney injury or cognitive dysfunction/delirium. Low certainty evidence suggests that hydroxychloroquine may increase the risk of cardiac toxicity (and cognitive dysfunction/delirium, whereas moderate certainty evidence suggests hydroxychloroquine probably increases the risk of diarrhoea (RD 106 more per 1000, 95% CI: 48 more to 175 more) and nausea and/or vomiting (RD 62 more per 1000, 95% CI: 23 more to 110 more) compared to standard care or placebo. Low certainty evidence suggests lopinavir/ritonavir may increase the risk of diarrhoea and nausea and/or vomiting compared to standard care or placebo.</p> <p><strong>Discussion</strong>: Hydroxychloroquine probably increases the risk of diarrhoea and nausea and/or vomiting and may increase the risk of cardiac toxicity and cognitive dysfunction/delirium. Lopinavir/ritonavir may increase the risk of diarrhoea and nausea and/or vomiting. Remdesivir may have no important effect on risk of acute kidney injury or cognitive dysfunction/delirium. These findings provide important information to support the development of evidence-based management strategies for patients with COVID-19.</p> <p><strong>Funding</strong>: This study was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (grant: VR4-172738)</p> <p><strong>Registration</strong>: Not registered in PROSPERO, protocol available in the supplementary material of BMJ 2020;370:m2980; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m2980.</p>
Data from: Differential effects of early life adversity on male and female rhesus macaque lifespan
<p>Early life adversity predicts shorter adult lifespan in several animal taxa. Yet, work on long-lived primate populations suggests the evolution of mechanisms that contribute to resiliency and long lives despite early life insults. Here, we tested associations between individual and cumulative early life adversity and lifespan on rhesus macaques at the Cayo Santiago Biological Field Station using 50 years of demographic data. We performed sex-specific survival analyses at different life stages to contrast short-term effects of adversity (i.e., infant survival) with long-term effects (i.e., adult survival). Female infants showed vulnerability to multiple adversities at birth, but affected females who survived to adulthood experienced a reduced risk later in life. In contrast, male infants showed vulnerability to a lower number of adversities at birth, but those who survived to adulthood were negatively affected by both early life individual and cumulative adversity. Our study shows profound immediate effects of insults at birth on female infant cohorts and suggests that affected female adults are more robust. In contrast, adult males who experienced harsh conditions early in life showed an increased mortality risk at older ages as expected from hypotheses within the life course perspective. Our analysis suggests sex-specific selection pressures on life histories and highlights the need for studies addressing the effects of early life adversity across multiple life stages.</p>
Underlying data for "Development of a framework of potential adverse effects of interventions to improve critical thinking about health choices: A mixed methods study."
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3D microelectrode cluster and stimulation paradigm yield powerful analgesia without noticeable adverse effects
<p>The dataset contains the underlying data for the figures in the paper "3D microelectrode cluster and stimulation paradigm yield powerful analgesia without noticeable adverse effects" by M. Forni et al., Science Advances, 2021. In the reported study, we present a newly developed biocompatible gelatin-embedded cluster of microelectrodes that enable higly customizable stimulation in the periaqueductal gray/dorsal raphe nucleus in awake rats. We were able to select a subset of electrodes for each individual, that upon stimulation provided significant pain inhibition during both normal and hyperalgesia conditions, without noticable side effects.</p> <p>Pain responses were quantified in terms of evoked field potentials (FP) and neuronal activity (z score), as well as withdrawal rate (WR) resulting from stimulating the skin with either a CO2-laser or a tactile stimulator, and analyzed with respect to multiple variables, such as time from stimulation onset, effect in comparison to morphine administration etc. Also, the effects of stimulation were quantified in terms of gait parameters (speed and paw-usage symmetry).</p> <p>The location of implanted electrodes was verified using computed tomography (CT) imaging and superimposition to the Waxholm brain atlas. The dataset contains the CT images for each anaimal, as obtained after alignment to the atlas.</p>
A Study to Evaluate the Effect of Long-term Treatment With BELVIQ (Lorcaserin HCl) on the Incidence of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events and Conversion to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Obese and Overw
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02019264. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 8. Publications: 4.
A Study to Evaluate the Effect of Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT) on the Incidence of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE) and Efficacy Measures in Hypogonadal Men
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03518034. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 2. Publications: 6.
To Examine the Effects of Axitinib Dose Reduction and Interruption for Adverse Event Management Among Patients Receiving Axitinib in for the Treatment of Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04682587. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Effect of RVX000222 on Time to Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in High-Risk T2DM Subjects With CAD
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02586155. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 15. Publications: 5.
Evaluation of TNF-α Blockade Effect in Patients With Severe Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01276314. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.