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1,048 results for “aging effects”
Data for the publication "Future warming exacerbated by aged soot effect on cloud formation"
<p>This repository contains the data for the paper:</p> <p>"Ulrike Lohmann, Franz Friebel, Zamin A. Kanji, Fabian Mahrt, Amewu A. Mensah and David Neubauer: Future warming exacerbated by aged soot effect on cloud formation. <em>Nat. Geosci.</em> <strong>13, </strong>674–680 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-020-0631-0"</p> <p>Each tar-file contains the data (or instructions how to obtain the data) to reproduce a figure or table in our paper.</p> <p>Note that the scripts to plot this data are to be found in the accompanying package (http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3457878)</p> <p>Also note that Extended Data Fig. 1 is identical to Supplementary Fig. S4 as well as that Extended Data Table 1 is identical to Supplementary Table S2.</p>
Disturbance effects on soil processes in the Andrews Experimental Forest (1995 Stand Age Study)
This study was designed to determine how edges generated by clear-cutting old-growth forests influence patterns of soil carbon and nitrogen cycling and the distribution of ectomycorrhizal mats and to determine how these patterns change with time after harvest. A secondary objective was to measure how clear-cutting within different climatic regimes influenced soil nitrogen and carbon cycling.
Data for "Age effect on tree structure and biomass allocation in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.)"
<p>VAPU dataset for tree biomass was collected from southern Finland in 1988-1990 by the Finnish Forest Research Institute (Metla, now Natural Resources Institute Finland, Luke) (VAPU data set).</p> <p>Those sample trees (162 Scots pine and 163 Norway spruce) are originated from the whole VAPU data set. The sheet 'Pine' and 'Spruce' data have been matched between 'sample branch measurements' and the 'biomass' information (by cluster X, Y, and plot, tree number).</p> <p>Biomass estimation for foliage and branches has been described here: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2004.04.024 and https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/25.7.803<br> </p>
Data from: Telomere heritability and parental age at conception effects in a wild avian population
<p>Individual variation in telomere length is predictive of health and mortality risk across a range of species. However, the relative influence of environmental and genetic variation on individual telomere length in wild populations remains poorly understood. Heritability of telomere length has primarily been calculated using parent–offspring regression which can be confounded by shared environments. To control for confounding variables, quantitative genetic 'animal models' can be used, but few studies have applied animal models in wild populations. Furthermore, parental age at conception may also influence offspring telomere length, but most studies have been cross-sectional. We investigated within- and between- parental age at conception effects and heritability of telomere length in the Seychelles warbler using measures from birds caught over 20 years and a multi-generational pedigree. We found a weak negative within-paternal age at conception effect (as fathers aged, their offspring had shorter telomeres) and a weak positive between-maternal age at conception effect (females that survived to older ages had offspring with longer telomeres). Animal models provided evidence that heritability and evolvability of telomere length was low in this population, and that variation in telomere length was not driven by early-life effects of hatch period or parental identities. qPCR plate had a large influence on telomere length variation and not accounting for it in the models would have underestimated heritability. Our study illustrates the need to include and account for technical variation in order to accurately estimate heritability, as well as other environmental effects, on telomere length in natural populations. </p>
Disease Spread in Age Structured Populations with Maternal Age Effects
<p>Fundamental ecological processes, such as extrinsic mortality, determine population age structure. This influences disease spread when individuals of different ages differ in susceptibility or when maternal age determines offspring susceptibility. We show that Daphnia magna offspring born to young mothers are more susceptible than those born to older mothers, and consider this alongside previous observations that susceptibility declines with age in this system. We used a susceptible- infected compartmental model to investigate how age-specific susceptibility and maternal age effects on offspring susceptibility interact with demographic factors affecting disease spread. Our results show a scenario where an increase in extrinsic mortality drives an increase in transmission potential. Thus, we identify a realistic context in which age effects and maternal effects produce conditions favouring disease transmission. </p> <p>epi model R script.R</p> <p>This is the script for the SIR model as well as the associated script for life history data. </p> <p>main.body size.csv</p> <p>This is the data for the body size data collected in the main experiment. This was measured using imageJ, was recorded in pixels and converted into millimetres. </p> <p>main.exposed.csv</p> <p>This is the proportion of infected/not infected individuals from an exposed treatment group. This was a subset of individuals from the entire experiment. This was the result of the exposures from the main experiment. </p> <p>main.reproduction.csv</p> <p>This document records reproduction for individuals from old or young mothers. It is a count of the offspring born at each reproductive event, which occurs generally every three days, though variation in interclutch interval increases with age. This was from the main experiment. Only those who were unexposed to the parasite, where used for this portion of the experimental work. </p> <p>sm.body size.csv</p> <p>This records body size similarly to above, and was an independent replication of the main experiment. </p> <p>sm.infection status.csv</p> <p>This is infection outcomes of exposures carried out as above, in an independent replication of the main experiment. </p> <p>sm.total babies.csv</p> <p>This is the reproductive output, carried out similarly to above, but in an independent replication of the main experiment. </p>
Data from Dowiasch et al. (2015) Effects of aging on eye movements in the real world
<p>The effects of aging on eye movements are well studied in the laboratory. Increased saccade latencies or decreased smooth-pursuit gain are well established findings. The question remains whether these findings are influenced by the rather untypical environment of a laboratory; that is, whether or not they transfer to the real world. We measured 34 healthy participants between the age of 25 and 85 during two everyday tasks in the real world: (I) walking down a hallway with free gaze, (II) visual tracking of an earth-fixed object while walking straight-ahead. Eye movements were recorded with a mobile light-weight eye tracker, the EyeSeeCam (ESC). We find that age significantly influences saccade parameters. With increasing age, saccade frequency, amplitude, peak velocity, and mean velocity are reduced and the velocity/amplitude distribution as well as the velocity profile become less skewed. In contrast to laboratory results on smooth pursuit, we did not find a significant effect of age on tracking eye-movements in the real world. Taken together, age-related eye-movement changes as measured in the laboratory only partly resemble those in the real world. It is well-conceivable that in the real world additional sensory cues, such as head-movement or vestibular signals, may partially compensate for age-related effects, which, according to this view, would be specific to early motion processing. In any case, our results highlight the importance of validity for natural situations when studying the impact of aging on real-life performance.</p>
Paternal environment effects are driven by female reproductive fluid but not sperm age in an external fertiliser
<p>Sperm ageing after ejaculation can generate paternal environmental effects that impact offspring fitness. In many species, female reproductive fluids (FRFs), i.e. ancillary fluids released by eggs or within the female reproductive tract, may protect sperm from ageing and can additionally interact with sperm to influence offspring viability. This raises the intriguing prospect that FRFs may alleviate paternal effects associated with sperm ageing. Here, we test this novel hypothesis using the broadcast spawning mussel, <em>Mytilus galloprovincialis.</em> We show that incubating sperm in FRF prior to fertilisation increases offspring viability and that these effects occur independently of sperm age. Our results provide novel evidence that FRFs allow females to selectively bias fertilisation toward higher quality sperm within an ejaculate, which in turn yields more viable offspring. We consider this FRF-mediated paternal effect in the context of female physiological control over fertilisation and the transgenerational effects of female-regulated haploid selection.</p>
Data from: A cost-effective blood DNA methylation-based age estimation method in domestic cats, Tsushima leopard cats (Prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus), and Panthera species, using targeted bisulfite sequencing and machine learning models
<p><span>Knowledge of individual age can help both in-situ and ex-situ conservation programs to design more efficient and suitable management plans for targeted wildlife species. DNA methylation is one of the epigenetic aging markers that has emerged as a promising tool that can estimate age with high accuracy using only a tiny amount of biological material, which can be collected in a minimally invasive way. Here, we sequenced five targeted genetic regions and used </span><span>8–23</span><span> selected CpG sites to build age estimation models with machine learning methods </span><span>with about only $3–7 per sample</span><span>, using blood samples of seven Felidae species—ranging from small to big, and domestic to endangered species: domestic cats (<em>Felis catus</em>, 139 samples), Tsushima leopard cats (<em>Prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus</em>, 84 samples), and five<em> Panthera </em>species (96 samples). </span><span>The models built achieved satisfactory accuracy—the mean absolute error of the best models was 1.966, 1.348, and 1.552 years in domestic cats, Tsushima leopard cats, and <em>Panthera</em> spp., respectively.</span><span> Our models in domestic cats and Tsushima leopard cats were applicable to individuals regardless of health conditions, indicating the high applicability of our models to samples collected from diverse situations, e.g., rescued individuals in the context of conservation. We also showed the possibility of developing universal age estimation models for the five<em> Panthera</em> spp. using two of the five genetic regions, suggesting an even lower cost to use our models for future applications.</span></p>
Effect of older age and/or ACL injury on the dose–response relationship between ambulatory load magnitude and immediate load-induced change in serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein
<p>The data presented here was used in the models in the pulication doi <a title="Persistent link using digital object identifier" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100993" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><span><span>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100993</span></span></a>.</p> <p>The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of age, anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, and sex on resting sCOMP concentration, on the immediate load-induced sCOMP kinetics after a 30-minute treadmill walking stress, and on the dose-response relationship between ambulatory load magnitude and the load-induced sCOMP change.</p> <p>Overall, data of 85 participants in four groups (20–30 years healthy, HEA<sub>20–30</sub>, n=24; 20–30 years ACL-injured, ACL<sub>20–30</sub>, n=23; 40–60 years healthy, HEA<sub>40–60</sub>, n=23; 40–60 years ACL-injured, ACL<sub>40–60</sub>, n=15) were included in this dataset. ACL injured participants suffered from an ACL injury 2-10 years prior to inclusion. The dateaset includes, patient data and serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (sCOMP) concentration measured on three testdays (m1, m2, m3) immediately before (t0) and immediately after 30 minutes of treadmill walking (t1) where the ambulatory loads were 80% bodyweight (BW), 100% BW or 120% BW (block randomized order). This dateset represents a subset of data collected in the parent study.</p> <p>The detailed experimental protocol of the parent study has been described in Herger, S., Vach, W., Nüesch, C., Liphardt, A. M., Egloff, C., & Mündermann, A. (2022). Dose-response relationship of in vivo ambulatory load and mechanosensitive cartilage biomarkers—The role of age, tissue health and inflammation: A study protocol. <em>PLoS One, 17</em>(8), e0272694. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0272694">https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0272694</a></p>
Incorporating effects of age on energy dynamics predicts non-linear maternal allocation patterns in iteroparous animals
<p>Iteroparous parents face a trade-off between allocating current resources to reproduction versus maximizing survival to produce further offspring. Optimal allocation varies across age, and follows a hump-shaped pattern across diverse taxa, including mammals, birds and invertebrates. This non-linear allocation pattern lacks a general theoretical explanation, potentially because most studies focus on offspring number rather than quality and do not incorporate uncertainty or age-dependence in energy intake or costs. Here, we develop a life history model of maternal allocation in iteroparous animals. We identify the optimal allocation strategy in response to stochasticity when energetic costs, feeding success, energy intake, and environmentally-driven mortality risk are age-dependent. As a case study, we use tsetse, a viviparous insect that produces one offspring per reproductive attempt and relies on an uncertain food supply of vertebrate blood. Diverse scenarios generate a hump-shaped allocation: when energetic costs and energy intake increase with age; and also when energy intake decreases, and energetic costs increase or decrease. Feeding success and mortality risk have little influence on age-dependence in allocation. We conclude that ubiquitous evidence for age-dependence in these influential traits can explain the prevalence of non-linear maternal allocation across diverse taxonomic groups.</p>
Effects of developmental and adult environments on ageing
<p>Developmental and adult environments can interact in complex ways to influence the fitness of individuals. Most studies investigating effects of the environment on fitness focus on environments experienced and traits expressed at a single point in an organism's life. However, environments vary with time, so the effects of the environments that organisms experience at different ages may interact to affect how traits change throughout life. Here we test whether thermal stress experienced during development leads individuals to cope better with thermal stress as adults. We manipulated temperature during both development and adulthood and measured a range of life-history traits, including senescence, in male and female seed beetles (Callosobruchus maculatus). We found that thermal stress during development reduced adult reproductive performance of females. In contrast, lifespan and age-dependent mortality were affected more by adult than developmental environments, with high adult temperatures decreasing longevity and increasing age-dependent mortality. Aside from an interaction between developmental and adult environments to affect age-dependent changes in male weight, we did not find any evidence of a beneficial acclimation response to developmental thermal stress. Overall, our results show that effects of developmental and adult environments can be both sex- and trait- specific, and that a full understanding of how environments interact to affect fitness and ageing requires the integrated study of conditions experienced during different stages of ontogeny.</p>
Dataset for: Effectiveness of rectal artesunate as pre-referral treatment for severe malaria in children under 5 years of age: a multi-country observational study
<p>Dataset underlying the publication "<strong>Effectiveness of rectal artesunate as pre-referral treatment for severe malaria in children under 5 years of age: a multi-country observational study</strong>" (BMC Medicine)</p> <p>Data originating from the Community Access to Rectal Artesunate for Malaria (CARAMAL) Project, 2018-2021.</p> <p>Analysis of the health effect of the roll-out and administration of pre-referral rectal artesunate (RAS) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Nigeria and Uganda. Details provided in the publication.</p> <p> </p>
Data from: Sex-dependent effects of parental age on offspring fitness in a cooperatively breeding bird
<p>Parental age can have considerable effects on offspring phenotypes and health. However, intergenerational effects may also have longer-term effects on offspring fitness. Few studies have investigated parental age effects on offspring fitness in natural populations while also testing for sex- and environment-specific effects. Further, longitudinal parental age effects may be masked by population-level processes such as the selective disappearance of poor-quality individuals. Here, we used multi-generational data collected on individually marked Seychelles warblers (<em>Acrocephalus</em> <em>sechellensis</em>) to investigate the impact of maternal and paternal age on offspring lifespan and lifetime reproductive success. We found negative effects of maternal age on female offspring lifespan and lifetime reproductive success, which were driven by within-mother effects. There was no difference in annual reproductive output of females born to older versus younger mothers, suggesting that the differences in offspring lifetime reproductive success were driven by effects on offspring lifespan. In contrast, there was no association between paternal age and female offspring lifespan or either maternal or paternal age and male offspring lifespan. Lifetime reproductive success, but not annual reproductive success, of male offspring increased with maternal age, but this was driven by between-mother effects. No paternal age effects were found on female offspring's lifetime reproductive success but there was a positive between-father effect on male offspring's lifetime reproductive success. We did not find strong evidence for environment-dependent parental age effects. Our study provides evidence for parental age effects on the lifetime fitness of offspring and shows that such effects can be sex-dependent. These results add to the growing literature indicating the importance of intergenerational effects on long-term offspring performance and highlight that these effects can be an important driver of variation in longevity and fitness in the wild.</p>
Data from: Effects of age, breeding strategy, population density, and number of neighbors on territory size and shape in Savannah Sparrows
<p>The size and shape of an animal's breeding territory are dynamic features influenced by multiple intrinsic and extrinsic factors and can have important implications for survival and reproduction. Quantitative studies of variation in these territory features can generate deeper insights into animal ecology and behavior. We explored the effect of age, breeding strategy, population density, and number of neighbors on the size and shape of breeding territories in an island population of Savannah Sparrows (<em>Passerculus sandwichensis</em>). Our dataset consisted of 407 breeding territories belonging to 225 males sampled over 11 years. We compared territory sizes to the age of the male territorial holder, the male's reproductive strategy (monogamy vs. polygyny), the number of birds in the study population (population density), and the number of immediate territorial neighbors (local density). We found substantial variation in territory size, with territories ranging over two orders of magnitude from 57 to 5727 m2 (0.0057 to 0.57 ha). Older males had larger territories, polygynous males had larger territories, territories were smaller in years with higher population density, and larger territories were associated with more immediate territorial neighbors. We also found substantial variation in territory shape, from near-circular to irregularly-shaped territories. Males with more neighbors had irregularly shaped territories, but the shape did not vary with male age, breeding strategy, or population density. For males that lived two years or longer, we found strong consistent individual differences in territory size across years, but weaker individual differences in territory shape, suggesting that size has high repeatability whereas shape has low repeatability. Our work provides evidence that songbird territories are highly dynamic and that their size and shape reflect both intrinsic factors (age and number of breeding partners) and extrinsic factors (population density and number of territorial neighbors).</p>
Fig. 3 in Effects of male age and mating status on response to the female sex pheromone of Copitarsia decolora (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Fig. 3. Activation latencies (black bars) and landing latencies (gray bars) (Q1 <Median <Q2) of virgin and mated Copitarsia decolora males to female sex pheromone extract (3FE) in wind tunnel bioassays. Mated males were tested 24 h and 48 h afer mating (24 AM and 48 AM, respectively). Bars within a behavior headed by the same letter are not significantly different (Tukey's mean separation test, n = 10, P <0.05).
Fig. 1 in Effects of male age and mating status on response to the female sex pheromone of Copitarsia decolora (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Fig. 1. Activation latencies (black bars) and landing latencies (gray bars) (Q1 <Median <Q2) by age group of virgin males in response to a glandular extract of female sex pheromone (3FE) in wind tunnel bioassays. Bars within a behavior headed by the same letter are not significantly different (Tukey's mean separation test, n = 10, P <0.05).
Fig. 4 in Effects of male age and mating status on response to the female sex pheromone of Copitarsia decolora (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Fig. 4. Depolarization (mean ± SEM) of antennae in response to a glandular extract of female sex pheromone (3FE) of virgin and mated males. Mated males were tested 24 h and 48 h afer mating (24 AM and 48 AM, respectively). Bars headed by the same letter are not significantly different (Tukey's mean separation test, n = 6, P <0.05).
Fig. 3 in Pre-courtship behavior and the effect of age on its duration in Diatraea magnifactella (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
Fig. 3. Analysis of the effect of age on the duration of pre-courtship in Diatraea magnifactella females.
Fig. 1 in Pre-courtship behavior and the effect of age on its duration in Diatraea magnifactella (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
Fig. 1. Routes and probabilities of the transition between successful steps of pre-courtship behavior in Diatraea magnifactella females (P <0.05; n = 60). The values indicate the probability of the occurrence of the next step.
Fig. 1 in Biology of Telenomus pachycoris (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), a parasitoid of eggs of Pachycoris torridus (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae): the effects of egg age, exposure time, and temperature
Fig. 1. Number of generations of Telenomus pachycoris reared in Pachycoris torridus eggs at different constant temperatures with 70 ± 10% RH and a photoperiod of 12:12 h L:D.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.