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17 results for “allometric evolution”
Evolution along allometric lines of least resistance: Morphological differentiation in Pristurus geckos
<p class="FirstParagraph"><span>Species living in distinct habitats often experience unique ecological selective pressures, which can drive phenotypic divergence. However, how ecophenotypic patterns are affected by allometric trends and trait integration levels is less well understood. Here we evaluate the role of allometry in shaping body size and body form diversity in <em>Pristurus</em> geckos utilizing differing habitats. We found that patterns of allometry and integration in body form were distinct in species with different habitat preferences, with ground-dwelling <em>Pristurus</em> displaying the most divergent allometric trend and high levels of integration. There was also strong concordance between intraspecific allometry across individuals and evolutionary allometry among species, revealing that differences in body form among individuals were predictive of evolutionary changes across the phylogeny at macroevolutionary scales. This suggested that phenotypic evolution occurred along allometric lines of least resistance, with allometric trajectories imposing a strong influence on the magnitude and direction of size and shape changes across the phylogeny. When viewed in phylomorphospace, the largest rock-dwelling species were most similar to the smallest ground-dwelling species, and vice versa. Thus, in <em>Pristurus</em>, phenotypic evolution along the differing habitat-based allometric trajectories resulted in similar body forms at differing body sizes in distinct ecological habitats.</span></p>
Data from: Macroevolutionary divergence along allometric lines of least resistance in frog hindlimb traits and its effect on locomotor evolution
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Evolution along allometric lines of least resistance: Morphological differentiation in Pristurus geckos
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Data from: Allometric constraints and the modulation of weapon evolution by mating system in fiddler crabs
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Data from: Sexually divergent selection, allometric constraints, and the evolution of sexual dimorphism in cichlids from Lake Tanganyika
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Data from: Scaling of ovipositor size in Drosophila suzukii and D. subpulchrella: Altered genital-coupling mechanisms and evolution of allometric slopes
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Fig. 2 Allometric space for 15 in Evolution of post-weaning skull ontogeny in New World opossums (Didelphidae)
Fig. 2 Allometric space for 15 marsupial species, comprising representatives from the major lineages of carnivorous marsupials (didelphids, microbiotheriids, dasyurids, and peramelids). Each species is represented by a single point in allometric space, describing its allometric trajectory. Squares: Didelphinae; vertical ellipse: Caluromyinae; cross: Microbiotheriidae; circle: Peramelidae; pentagon: Dasyuridae; horizontal ellipse: hypothetic isometric taxon. Lines contacting didelphids indicate monophyletic groups defined by Voss and Jansa (2009). Abbreviations: Dg, Dromiciops gliroides; Da,
Data for Patterns of ontogenetic evolution across extant marsupials reflect different allometric pathways to ecomorphological diversity
<p>Data associated with: Wilson LAB, López-Aguirre C, Archer M, Hand SJ, Flores D, Abdala F, Giannini NP. 2023. Patterns of ontogenetic evolution across extant marsupials reflect different allometric pathways to ecomorphological diversity. Nature Communications</p>
Data from: Getting a head in hard soils: convergent skull evolution and divergent allometric patterns explain shape variation in a highly diverse genus of pocket gophers (Thomomys)
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Data from: Evolution of extreme ontogenetic allometric diversity and heterochrony in pythons, a clade of giant and dwarf snakes
Ontogenetic allometry, how species change with size through their lives, and heterochony, a decoupling between shape, size and age, are major contributors to biological diversity. However, macro-evolutionary allometric and heterochronic trends remain poorly understood because previous studies have focused on small groups of closely related species. Here we focus on testing hypotheses about the evolution of allometry and how allometry and heterochrony drive morphological diversification at the level of an entire species-rich and diverse clade. Pythons are a useful system due to their remarkably diverse and well-adapted phenotypes and extreme size disparity. We collected detailed phenotype data on 40 of the 44 species of python from 1,191 specimens. We used a suite of analyses to test for shifts in trajectories that modify morphological diversity. Heterochrony is the main driver of initial divergence within python clades, and shifts in the slopes of allometric trajectories make exploration of novel phenotypes possible later in divergence history. We found that allometric coefficients are highly evolvable and there is an association between ontogenetic allometry and ecology, suggesting that allometry is both labile and adaptive rather than a constraint on possible phenotypes.
Data from: Evolution of static allometries: adaptive change in allometric slopes of eye span in stalk-eyed flies
Julian Huxley showed that within-species (static) allometric (power-law) relations can arise from proportional growth regulation with the exponent in the power law equaling the factor of proportionality. Allometric exponents may therefore be hard to change and act as constraints on the independent evolution of traits. In apparent contradiction to this, many empirical studies have concluded that static allometries are evolvable. Many of these studies have been based, however, on a broad definition of allometry that includes any monotonic shape change with size, and do not falsify the hypothesis of constrained narrow-sense allometry. Here, we present the first phylogenetic comparative study of narrow-sense allometric exponents based on a reanalysis of data on eye span and body size in stalk-eyed flies (Diopsidae). Consistent with a role in sexual selection, we found strong evidence that male slopes were tracking "optima" based on sexual dimorphism and relative male trait size. This tracking was slow, however, with estimated times of 2-3 million years for adaptation to exceed ancestral influence on the trait. Our results are therefore consistent with adaptive evolution on million-year time scales, but cannot rule out that static allometry may act as a constraint on eye-span adaptation at shorter time scales.
Data from: The evolution of ontogenetic allometric trajectories in mammalian domestication
Morphological divergence of domesticated as compared to wild forms must result from changes in the ontogenetic process. Species-specific tests for heterochrony have rejected a single explanation of domestic forms representing juveniles of their wild relatives. Ontogenetic allometric trajectories for 12 pairs of wild and domestic mammals were examined using skull growth data for 1070 specimens, including representatives from all lineages in which domestication has occurred. A suite of tests were performed to quantify allometric disparity in wild and domestic forms and assess the extent and patterning of modification to allometric trajectories. Domestication has modified postnatal ontogenetic allometric trajectories in mammals, and has generated disparity, achieved through lengthening of trajectory slopes and alteration to slope angles. Allometric disparity was similar for domestic forms compared to their wild relatives, whereas the magnitude of dispersion along allometric vectors differed between precocial mammals and altricial mammals, underscoring the importance of life history and shared evolutionary history in patterns of ontogenetic variation. The results verify the importance of scaling in the morphological changes associated with domestication. The response to domestication for all measured trajectory parameters was variable across species, suggesting multiple pathways of change.
Data from: The evolution of ontogenetic allometric trajectories in mammalian domestication
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Data from: Evolution of static allometries: adaptive change in allometric slopes of eye span in stalk-eyed flies
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Data from: Evolution of extreme ontogenetic allometric diversity and heterochrony in pythons, a clade of giant and dwarf snakes
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Data from: Tipping the scales: evolution of the allometric slope independent of average trait size
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Data from: Allometric constraints and the evolution of allometry
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