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3,273 results for “alternation”
Incentive mechanisms and the provision of public goods: Field experiment data for testing alternative economic frameworks to supply ecosystem restoration on Virginia's Eastern Shore: 2008 data.
This dataset consists of participant responses in one of two economic experiments conducted on Virginia's Eastern Shore during 2008 and 2009 by Elizabeth C. Smith used to gauge resident preferences and willingness-to-pay for ecosystem restoration activities. This dataset was designed to be used to examine a practical method to implement an individualized pricing approach to public good provision, grounded in Lindahl's marginal benefit theory. The study's focus was on ecosystem valuation and market approaches that have potential to provide public goods, examining the potential to generate revenues for public goods from consumers. While willingness-to-pay measurement techniques have been used to assess preferences for many environmental goods, this research goes a step further to explore real money auctions that generate revenues sufficient to pay for restoration activities. The data from the field experiments conducted in coastal Virginia were used, along with laboratory experiment data, to evaluate the performance of auction mechanisms in generating revenues relative to potential (Hicksian) willingness to pay for marginal increments in public goods. The field execution of this experiment involved residents of Virginia's Eastern Shore and local public goods. This application involved half-acre increments of ecosystem restoration for sea grass habitat in coastal lagoons, plantings for migratory bird habitat, and, in some auctions, clam-based increments of water quality services, defined as delaying the harvest of clams for six months beyond normal harvest by an existing aquaculture firm. To perform these tasks, participants were provided a budget, between $90 and $150. The auctioneer described for participants the ecosystem services that may result from additional ecosystem restoration associated with each activity. The actual levels of ecosystem restoration provided were based on aggregate offers reaching a pre-determined (but unknown to the participants) provision p
Incentive mechanisms and the provision of public goods: Field experiment data for testing alternative economic frameworks to supply ecosystem restoration on Virginia's Eastern Shore: 2009 data.
This dataset consists of participant responses in one of two economic experiments conducted on Virginia's Eastern Shore during 2008 and 2009 by Elizabeth C. Smith used to gauge resident preferences and willingness-to-pay for ecosystem restoration activities. This dataset was designed to be used to examine a practical method to implement an individualized pricing approach to public good provision, grounded in Lindahl's marginal benefit theory. The study's focus was on ecosystem valuation and market approaches that have potential to provide public goods, examining the potential to generate revenues for public goods from consumers. While willingness-to-pay measurement techniques have been used to assess preferences for many environmental goods, this research goes a step further to explore real money auctions that generate revenues sufficient to pay for restoration activities. The data from the field experiments conducted in coastal Virginia were used, along with laboratory experiment data, to evaluate the performance of auction mechanisms in generating revenues relative to potential (Hicksian) willingness to pay for marginal increments in public goods. The field execution of this experiment involved residents of Virginia's Eastern Shore and local public goods. This application involved half-acre increments of ecosystem restoration for sea grass habitat in coastal lagoons, plantings for migratory bird habitat, and, in some auctions, clam-based increments of water quality services, defined as delaying the harvest of clams for six months beyond normal harvest by an existing aquaculture firm. To perform these tasks, participants were provided a budget, between $90 and $150. The auctioneer described for participants the ecosystem services that may result from additional ecosystem restoration associated with each activity. The actual levels of ecosystem restoration provided were based on aggregate offers reaching a pre-determined (but unknown to the participants) provision p
ASRT (alternating serial reaction time)
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Dataset for "An Alternative Chlorine-Assisted Optimization of CdS/Sb2Se3 Solar Cells: Towards Understanding of Chlorine Incorporation Mechanism"
<p>The current strategies in the development of Sb2Se3 thin film solar cells involve fabrication and optimization of<br>superstrate and substrate device architectures, with the preferable choice for TiO2 and CdS heterojunction layers.<br>For CdS-based superstrate cells, several studies reported the necessity to apply CdCl2 or other metal halide-based<br>post-deposition treatment (PDT), highlighting improvement of CdS/Sb2Se3 device efficiency. However, the need,<br>effect, and mechanism of such PDT are very often not described. Additionally, the fact that many groups have not<br>succeeded in demonstrating its benefits suggests that this strategy is not straightforward, requiring a deeper<br>understanding towards a more unified concept. The present study proposes an alternative approach to the<br>challenging CdCl2 PDT of CdS in CdS/Sb2Se3 device, involving controllable Cl incorporation in CdS films by<br>systematically varying the concentration of NH4Cl in the CBD precursor solution from 1 to 8 mM. Structural and<br>electrical characterizations are correlated with advanced measurements of Scanning Kelvin Probe, surface<br>photovoltage, and atomic force microscopy to understand the impact of Cl incorporation on the properties of CdS<br>films and CdS/Sb2Se3 devices. The validity of Cl incorporation in the CdS lattice and interdiffusion processes at<br>the CdS-Sb2Se3 interface is confirmed by secondary ion mass spectrometry analysis. It is demonstrated that<br>incorporation of 1 mM of NH4Cl, as a Cl source in CBD CdS, can boost the PCE of CdS/Sb2Se3 by ~20 %. With this<br>approach, we offer new perspectives on the optimization methodology for Cl-based CdS/Sb2Se3 device processing<br>and complementary understanding of the physiochemistry behind these processes.</p>
Light-regulated gene expression and alternative splicing data from rice seedlings.
<p>This data contains analyzed data from the experiment conducted on rice seedlings under dark and light conditions. Seeds of rice (Oryza sativa spp. japonica cv. Nipponbare) were sown in the dark and germinated on day 2 and continued to grow in the dark for another 6 days. 3 biological replicates of the dark-grown etiolated shoots were harvested on day 8 after sowing. The remaining dark-grown seedlings were exposed to continuous white light at 120 mol/m2/sec for 48 hours or another 2 days (Days 9 and 10 after sowing). Three replicates of the light-treated green-colored seedling samples were harvested at the end of day 10. Harvested samples were frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -80C until further processing.</p>
Pythia Generated Jet Images with Alternative Rotation Scheme for Location Aware Generative Adversarial Network Training
<p>Dataset containing 300k jet images that can be used to train Location Aware Generative Adversarial Networks (LAGAN) for High Energy Physics, such as the one in [arXiv:1701.05927].</p> <p><strong>Format</strong>:</p> <p>HDF5 file with the following fields:</p> <ul> <li>'image' : array of dim (300000, 25, 25), contains the pixel intensities of each 25x25 image</li> <li>'signal' : binary array to identify signal (1, i.e. W boson) vs background (0, i.e. QCD)</li> <li>'jet_eta': eta coordinate per jet</li> <li>'jet_phi': phi coordinate per jet</li> <li>'jet_mass': mass per jet</li> <li>'jet_pt': transverse momentum per jet</li> <li>'jet_delta_R': distance between leading and subleading subjets if 2 subjets present, else 0</li> <li>'tau_1', 'tau_2', 'tau_3': substructure variables per jet (a.k.a. n-subjettiness, where n=1, 2, 3)</li> <li>'tau_21': tau<sub>2</sub>/tau<sub>1</sub> per jet</li> <li>'tau_32': tau<sub>3</sub>/tau<sub>2</sub> per jet</li> </ul> <p><strong>Details</strong>:</p> <ul> <li>Simulated using Pythia 8.219 at √ s = 14 TeV</li> <li>Image pre-processing using method from in L. de Oliveira et al., <em>Jet-Images -- Deep Learning Edition </em>[arXiv:1511.05190]</li> <li>scikit-image==0.10.0 implementation of cubic spline rotation with fewer low energy artifacts than scikit-image>=0.12.0</li> <li>Finite calorimeter granularity simulated with 0.1×0.1 grid in η and φ, with η × φ ∈ [−1.25, 1.25] × [−1.25, 1.25]</li> <li>Jet clustering with anti-k<sub>t</sub> algorithm with a radius R = 1.0 using FastJet 3.2.1; constituent re-clustering into R = 0.3 k<sub>t</sub> subjets</li> <li>Intensity of pixel = p<sub>T</sub> of cell</li> <li>60 GeV < m<sup>jet</sup> < 100 GeV</li> <li>250 GeV < p<sub>T</sub><sup>jet</sup> < 300 GeV</li> <li>Sparse images (~10% NNZ)</li> </ul> <p>Full dataset description in [arXiv:1701.05927].</p>
Dataset of the manuscript "Are Serious Games an Alternative to Personality Questionnaires? Initial Analysis of a Gamified Assessment"
<p>The present database belongs to the manuscript titled "Are Serious Games an Alternative to Personality Questionnaires? Initial Analysis of a Gamified Assessment". The study has been peformed in English, but the research is conducted in Spanish.</p>
Data for: The thermo-optical coefficient as an alternative probe for the structural arrest of polymeric glass formers
<p>The data is supplementary to the publication "The thermo-optical coefficient as an alternative probe for the structural arrest of polymeric glass formers", DOI: <a title="Persistent link using digital object identifier" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2024.126868" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1016/j.polymer.2024.126868</a>, and contains processed raw data.</p> <p>Key words: Temperature-modulated optical refractometry, Solidification, Glass transition temperature, Thermo-optical coefficient, Structural arrest</p> <p>The data sets contain measured data on Temperature-modulated optical refractometry (TMOR) of a model epoxy polymer from the viscoelastic temperature range, through the glass transition to the glassy state. The data sets were collected via the temperature-jump method.</p> <p>Material details:</p> <ul> <li>Bisphenol A Diglycidyl ether (DGEBA, DER332, CAS 1675-54-3) + Difunctional and trifunctional carbocylic acids (Pripol1040, Croda) +1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-en (TBD, CAS 5807-14-7, 10 mol-% relative to carboxylic acid functions)</li> </ul> <p>Funding received from:</p> <ul> <li>German Research Foundation (DFG), project number: 521902629</li> </ul>
Recommended food alternatives (healthier, eco-friendly, and cost-effective)
<p>It includes recommended food alternatives (healthier, eco-friendly, and cost-effective) for items selected from receipts. This dataset is valuable for research in consumer food science, as it captures the food choices of a small group of consumers over 21 days. It is also useful for machine learning training. All food items are linked to NAct ontology.</p> <p> </p>
Modelling pan-Arctic peatland carbon dynamics under alternative warming scenarios
<p>The purpose of this study is to simulate peatland carbon dynamics in the future climate conditions for four major future warming scenarios. The study examines whether less pronounced warming could further enhance the peatland carbon sink capacity and buffer the effects of climate change. It will also determine which trajectory peatland carbon balance will follow, what the main drivers are and which one will dominate in the future.</p> <p>In this study, LPJGUESS Peatland has been employed across the pan-Arctic and we carried out four sets of simulations. The data files contain the information about carbon accumulation, NEE, NPP and ice fraction.</p>
Respectable Standards of Living: The Alternative Lens of Maintenance Costs, Britain 1270-1860
<p>Data set and code book. Replication materials for paper accepted in Economic History Review, April 2024.</p> <p>Abstract </p> <p><span>This paper argues that in all societies there is considerable agreement about what goods and services are needed to provide a decent living, and that this standard can be measured by the expense involved in maintaining people of good standing.<span> </span><span> </span>Maintenance costs include two components of living costs that are neglected in conventional approaches.<span> </span>First, in contrast to the usual focus on a fixed basket of commodities, maintenance costs capture changes in the composition and quality of the goods required for a respectable lifestyle.<span> </span>Second, unlike the conventional accounting they include the costs of the household services required to turn the basket commodities into livings. Ignored in the conventional methodology, the inclusion of these costs represents a core innovation. More than 4600 observations, drawn mainly from primary sources, trace levels and trends in maintenance costs for Britain, 1270-1860. <span> </span>These can be compared with established cost of living indicators to offer a complementary perspective on real consumption that accommodates aspirational goods and the input of household labour.<span> </span>The struggle to support families at respectable standards emerges as driving industriousness and motivating prudence among a class that played a major role in economic development.<span> </span><span> </span></span></p> <p> </p>
Progressive Weakening of Granite via Piezoelectric Excitation of Quartz with Alternating Current: Experimental Dataset
<p><strong>Summary:</strong></p> <p>This article shares experimental data evidencing alternating-current (AC) induced weakening of Kuru granite specimens. This work reports the mechanical data of dynamic and quasi-static Brazilian Disc (BD) tensile tests. The dynamic BD tensile tests were performed in Split Hopkinson Pressure Bars (SHPB). Additionally, X-Ray Phase Contrast Imaging (XPCI) was used to evidence the fragmentation of BD samples loaded dynamically, and the resulting images are presented in this work in the form of videos. The original data used to attain the fragmentation videos of the BD specimens is available at https://doi.esrf.fr/10.15151/ESRF-ES-962080191. The dataset reported in this Zenodo publication corresponds to the study conducted by Rubio Ruiz et al. (2024). </p> <p><strong>Specimen Segmentation:</strong></p> <p>The granite specimens in this dataset are categorised into three distinct groups:</p> <p>1. Treated-Wet: Specimens subjected to high-voltage alternating current (HV-AC) treatment with direct exposure to dielectric fluid.</p> <p>2. Treated-Dry: Specimens subjected to HV-AC treatment without direct exposure to dielectric fluid.</p> <p>3. Non-Treated-Dry: Specimens that have not undergone any treatment and have not been exposed to dielectric fluid.</p> <p><strong>Included data:</strong></p> <p><strong>Quasi-static and Dynamic Brazilian Disc Test Results:</strong> The dataset consists of mechanical data obtained from dynamic and quasi-static Brazilian disc tests of each specimen type mentioned above. The data of the dynamic tests includes MATLAB figures (in .fig format), which display stress plotted against time. In addition, this dataset includes figures (in .fig format) depicting stress plotted against the dimensionless displacement parameter for both dynamic and quasi-static tests. This parameter is the ratio between the relative displacements of the loading bars and the specimen diameter.</p> <p><strong>Fragmentation Videos:</strong> This data set includes the XPCI-obtained videos capturing the fragmentation process of BD specimens in each specimen category.</p> <p><strong>References:</strong></p> <p>Rubio Ruiz RA, et al. (2024). Progressive weakening of granite by piezoelectric excitation of Quartz with alternating current. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-024-03948-w</p> <p><strong>Funding: </strong></p> <p>This research was funded by the Research Council of Finland (grant number 340192) </p> <p><strong>Acknowledgements:</strong></p> <p>The authors acknowledge the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) for providing beamtime access at ID 19 beamline (Proposal MI-1397, within the Shock BAG project supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No. 870313, Streamline). </p>
Instances for the pickup and delivery problem with alternative locations
<p>570 Instances for the pickup and delivery problem with alternative locations in a .txt file format.</p> <p>1 Complementary material providing computational results of those instances as a .pdf file format.</p> <p> </p>
Heatmatrix and Heatmap Layers and Alternatives used in the Validation of the Conflict Detection and Resolution Use Case (ARTIMATION)
<p>This dataset contains the <strong>visualisations </strong>of the solutions of Conflict Detection and Resolution (CD&R) use case.</p> <p>The solution are computed by a Genetic Algorithm developped by Nicolas Durand.<br> <br> Inside, one can find:</p> <p>-One archive, "Heatmatrix.zip" , containing the heatmatrix creating using the solutions dataset.</p> <p>-One archive, "Heatmaps_Layer_Alternatives.zip", containing all the layers created and used to created the heatmaps, the heatmaps, and alternative heatmaps (with other candidate solutions).</p> <p>Those layers and heatmaps are used to develop other visualisation used in the validation.</p>
Evaluating the precariousness of coral recovery when coral and macroalgae are alternative basins of attraction
When coral and macroalgae are alternative attractors, the trajectory of the benthic community following a major disturbance is shaped in part by whether herbivores keep macroalgae suppressed, leaving reef surfaces in a state suitable for coral colonization. Because macroalgae tend to colonize much faster than coral, an important issue is how close ambient herbivory is to the level where control of macroalgae is lost, that is, the precariousness of the coral-invasible state relative to the switch-point to macroalgae. In Moorea, French Polynesia, reefs dominated by the macroalga Turbinaria ornata remained so for multiple population turnovers, whereas reefs where Turbinaria was removed by a simulated pulse disturbance remained free of macroalgae throughout the 5-yr study. A field experiment revealed that macroalgae was unable to proliferate on disturbed reefs until ambient herbivory was reduced by more than 50%. Low precariousness of the coral-invasible state facilitated a gradual transition to a coral community because it allowed sufficient time for coral to repopulate. Accumulation of coral on disturbed reefs was 3.5 times greater than on undisturbed, Turbinaria-dominated reefs. Long-term persistence of the coral-invasible state was facilitated by high abundances of grazing herbivores that prevent the establishment of macroalgae, whereas persistence of the Turbinaria-dominated state reflected the scarcity of browsing herbivores that consume mature macroalgae. By revealing processes that foster bistability of coral and macroalgae states, our work helps explain the rich dynamical behavior exhibited by coral reef communities in Moorea and elsewhere. This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant No. OCE 16-37396 (and earlier awards) as well as a generous gift from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Research was completed under permits issued by the French Polynesian Government (Délégation à la Recherche) and the Haut-c
MCR LTER: Coral Reef: Priority effects in coral-macroalgae interactions can drive alternate community paths in the absence of top-down control, data for Adam 2022 Ecology
These data were generated in support of the manuscript: Adam TC, Holbrook SJ, Burkepile DE, Speare KE, Brooks AJ, Ladd MC, Shantz AA, Thurber RLV, and Schmitt RJ, Ecology The outcomes of species interactions can vary greatly in time and space with the outcomes of some interactions determined by priority effects. On coral reefs, benthic algae rapidly colonize the disturbed substrate. In the absence of top-down control from herbivorous fishes, these algae can inhibit the recruitment of reef-building corals, leading to a persistent phase shift to a macroalgae-dominated state. Yet, corals may also inhibit colonization by macroalgae, and thus the effects of herbivores on algal communities may be strongest following disturbances that reduce coral cover. Here, we report results from experiments conducted on the fore reef of Moorea, French Polynesia, where we: 1) tested the ability of macroalgae to invade coral-dominated and coral-depauperate communities under different levels of herbivory, 2) explored the ability of juvenile corals (Pocillopora spp.) to suppress macroalgae, and 3) quantified the direct and indirect effects of fish herbivores and corallivores on juvenile corals. We found that macroalgae proliferated when herbivory was low but only in recently disturbed communities where coral cover was also low. When coral cover was < 10%, macroalgae increased 20-fold within one year under reduced herbivory conditions relative to high herbivory controls. Yet, when coral cover was high (50%), macroalgae were suppressed irrespective of the level of herbivory despite ample space for algal colonization. Once established in communities with low herbivory and low coral cover, macroalgae suppressed recruitment of coral larvae, reducing the capacity for coral replenishment. However, when we experimentally established small juvenile corals (2 cm diameter) following a disturbance, juvenile corals inhibited macroalgae from invading local neighborhoods, even in the absence of herbivore
Dataset corresponding to scientific paper "Improved reperfusion following alternative surgical approach for experimental stroke in mice"
<p>Acquired raw experimental data using laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) following middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in mice. Data obtained from mice undergoing standard CCA ligation technique and mice undergoing CCA vessel repair technique<sup>1</sup>.</p> <p>The dataset is linked to paper "Improved reperfusion following alternative surgical approach for experimental stroke in mice". </p> <p>The dataset consists of the following:</p> <ul> <li>Raw LSCI flux values, from ipsilateral and contralateral hemispheres, measured at baseline, 24hours post-MCAO and 48hours post-MCAO. </li> <li>Normalised data expressing ispilateral hemisphere as a % of the control contralateral hemisphere.</li> <li>Mean normalised values for each subject. </li> </ul> <p> </p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <ol> <li>Trotman-Lucas,M., Kelly, M.E., Janus, J., Fern, R., Gibson, C.L. (2017) 'An alternative surgical approach reduces variability following filament induction of experimental stroke in mice'. <em>Disease Models & Mechanisms,</em> 10, 931-938.</li> </ol> <p> </p>
Alternative architecture of the E. coli chemosensory array.
<p>We present molecular models for extended patches of the <em>E. coli</em> chemosensory array. The models display either the canonical p6-symmetric architecture or an alternative p2-symmetric architecture recently observed in <em>E. coli</em> minicells. For more information, please see the associated BioRxiv preprint. Questions regarding the coordinates may be directed to Keith Cassidy (keith.cassidy@bioch.ox.ac.uk).</p> <p> </p>
Phylogenomics of manakins (Aves: Pipridae) using alternative locus filtering strategies based on informativeness
<p>Data used in phylogenomic analyses of manakin birds. </p> <p>Datasets number 1 to 7 include sequence alignments for each locus analyzed, and datasets 4 to 7 also contain gene trees used as input for ASTRAL.</p>
Transcutaneous Kilohertz High-Frequency Alternating Current at 10 kHz for Upper-Limb Tremor in People with Parkinson's Disease: A double-blind, randomized, crossover study.
<p><strong><span>Abstract: <span>Background/Objectives:</span></span></strong><span> Preclinical studies have evidenced a peripheral nerve blockade with kilohertz high-frequency alternating current (KHFAC) stimulation. It could have a potential effect on aberrant nerve hyperactivity, such as tremor in people with Parkinson’s disease (PwPD). The objective was to investigate the effects of transcutaneous KHFAC at 10 kHz compared with sham intervention on tremor modulation, upper limb motor function, and adverse events in PwPD. <strong>Methods:</strong> This randomized, double-blind, crossover trial included PwPD, who received transcutaneous KHFAC and sham interventions, within a 48h washout period. Measurements were taken pre-intervention, during, immediately after, and 10 minutes post-intervention. The main outcomes were rest, postural, and kinetic tremor acceleration. Secondary outcomes were handgrip strength, nine-hole peg test (NHPT), movement onset time, and adverse events.<strong> </strong></span></p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.