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10 results for “ammonia-oxidizing archaea”
Seasonal Distribution of Ammonia-Oxidizing Archaea and Ammonia-Oxidation Rates in the South Atlantic Bight from April to November 2014
Previous work in nearshore waters of the Georgia USA coast has demonstrated mid-summer peaks in the abundance of Thaumarchaeota (blooms with 100 to 1,000-fold increases) accompanied by spikes in nitrite concentration. These studies were performed at one location, so the areal extent of the bloom is unknown, nor has it been demonstrated conclusively that it develops in inshore waters. We collected data on rates of ammonia oxidation and the distribution of Thaumarchaeota, ammonia-oxidizing Betaproteobacteria (AOB), nitrite-oxidizing Nitrospina and environmental variables during 6 cruises aboard the UNOLS vessel R/V Savannah from April to November 2014 on transects of the South Atlantic Bight to evaluate the areal extent and timing of the bloom. This data set includes measurements of Chlorophyll-a concentration, PAR attenuation coefficient, oxygen concenrations, temperature, salinity and nitogenous nutrient concentrations (nitrite, nitrite + nitrate, ammonium, urea), and estimates of Archaea, bacteria and diatom gene concentration based on quantitative PCR.
Evolution of ammonia-oxidizing archaea related to global events
<p>Ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) are chemolithoautotrophs that dominate nitrification in today's low ammonium ocean, playing critical roles in the global nitrogen cycle, alongside ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) that favor higher ammonium environments. Nitrification may have occurred soon after the origin of oxygenic photosynthesis and provided fundamental nutrients for the emergence of eukaryotic organisms in the Proterozoic; however, the timing of biological evidence remains unclear. Here we show using phylogenetic models that AOA occurred ~1,165 (1,928-880) Mya in a terrestrial geothermal environment, ~652 (767-554) Mya in low temperature soil niches, and ~509 (629-412) Mya in aquatic environments. AOA originated in marine settings around 362 (478-274) Mya, which was followed by the rapid diversification of shallow- and deep- subgroups around 315 (478-207) Mya and 309 (460-207) Mya, respectively, leading to today's domination of AOA in global oceans. The radiation of thermophilic AOA into mesophilic terrestrial soil may have been triggered by the 'snowball Earth' events of the Cryogenian Period and their 'hothouse Earth' aftermaths. The radiation of AOA into the deep ocean had to await the persistent oxygenation of the deep ocean that was associated with the rise of land plants. Our genetic analyses integrated with a geochemical data and a modeling framework offers an intriguing linkage between microbial evolution and the belated oxygenation of the deep ocean in the Paleozoic Era.</p>
Table. Effects of sea animal colonization on the coupling between dynamics and activity of soil ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and archaea in maritime Antarctica.
<p> In this study, we chose active seal colony tundra soils (STS), penguin colony soil (PTS) and its adjacent penguin-lacking tundra soils (PLS), tundra marsh soils (MS), and background tundra soils (BS), to investigate the effects of sea animal colonization on the abundance, activity and diversity of AOA and AOB in maritime Antarctica. </p>
Data from: Vascular plants mediate the effects of aridity and soil properties on ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and archaea
An integrated perspective of the most important factors driving the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA) in natural ecosystems is lacking, especially in drylands. We evaluated how different climatic, abiotic, and nutrient-related factors determine AOA and AOB abundance in bare and vegetated microsites from grasslands throughout the Mediterranean Basin. We found a strong negative relationship between the abundance of AOA genes and soil fertility (availability of C, N, and P). Aridity and other abiotic factors (pH, sand content, and electrical conductivity) were more important than soil fertility in modulating the AOA/AOB ratio. AOB were more abundant under vegetated microsites, while AOA, highly resistant to stressful conditions, were more abundant in bare ground areas. These results suggest that AOA may carry out nitrification in less fertile microsites, while AOB predominate under more fertile conditions. Our results indicate that the influence of aridity and pH on the relative dominance of AOA and AOB genes is ultimately determined by local-scale environmental changes promoted by perennial vegetation. Thus, in spatially heterogeneous ecosystems such as drylands, there is a mutual exclusion and niche division between these microorganisms, suggesting that they may be functionally complementary.
Evolution of ammonia-oxidizing archaea related to global events
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Data from: Vascular plants mediate the effects of aridity and soil properties on ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and archaea
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Community composition of ammonia-oxidizing archaea from surface and anoxic depths of oceanic oxygen minimum zones
GEO Series GSE46851. synthetic construct; marine metagenome; uncultured crenarchaeote. 23 samples. Type: Other.
A chromatin-driven mechanism of transcription in ammonia-oxidizing archaea under environmental stress [RNA-seq]
GEO Series GSE249032. Nitrososphaera viennensis EN76. 4 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
A chromatin-driven mechanism of transcription in ammonia-oxidizing archaea under environmental stress [MNase-seq]
GEO Series GSE249031. Nitrososphaera viennensis EN76. 2 samples. Type: Genome binding/occupancy profiling by high throughput sequencing.
A chromatin-driven mechanism of transcription in ammonia-oxidizing archaea under environmental stress
GEO Series GSE249033. Nitrososphaera viennensis EN76. 6 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing; Genome binding/occupancy profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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