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170 results for “ant nests”
Red Wood-Ant Nests and Fault-Related Methane Micro-Seepage 2016
We measured methane (CH4) and stable carbon isotope of methane (ẟ13C-CH4) concentrations in ambient air and within a red wood-ant (RWA; Formica polyctena) nest in the Neuwied Basin (Germany) using high-resolution in-situ sampling to detect microbial, thermogenic, and abiotic fault-related micro-seepage of CH4. Methane degassing from RWA nests was not synchronized with earth tides, nor was it influenced by micro-earthquake degassing or concomitantly measured RWA activity. Two ẟ13C-CH4 signatures were identified in nest gas: −69‰ and −37‰. The lower peak was attributed to microbial decomposition of organic matter within the RWA nest, in line with previous observations that RWA nests are hot-spots of microbial CH4. The higher peak has not been reported in previous studies. We attribute this peak to fault-related CH4 emissions moving via fault networks into the RWA nest, which could originate either from thermogenic or abiotic CH4 formation. Sources of these micro-seepages could be Devonian schists, iron-bearing “Klerf Schichten,” or overlapping micro-seepage of magmatic CH4 from the Eifel plume. Given the abundance of RWA nests on the landscape, their role as sources of microbial CH4 and biological indicators for abiotically-derived CH4 should be included in estimation of methane emissions that are contributing to climatic change.
Geogenic Gases in a Red Wood-Ant Nest and Soil in the Neuwied Basin, Germany 2016
Geochemical tracers of crustal fluids (CO2, He, Rn) provide a useful tool for the identification of buried fault structures. We acquired geochemical data during 7 months of continual sampling to identify causal processes underlying correlations between ambient air and degassing patterns of three gases (CO2, He, Rn) in a nest of red wood ants (Formica polyctena; “RWA”) and the soil at Goloring in the Neuwied Basin, a part of the East Eifel Volcanic Field (EEVF). We explored whether temporal relations and degassing rhythms in soil and nest gas concentrations could be indicators of hidden faults through which the gases migrate to the surface from depth. In nest gas, the coupled system of CO2-He and He concentrations exceeding atmospheric standards 2-3 fold suggested that RWA nests may be biological indicators of hidden degassing faults and fractures at small scales. Equivalently periodic degassing infradian rhythms in the RWA nest, soil, and three nearby mineral springs suggested NW-SE and NE-SW tectonic linkages. Because volcanic activity in the EEVF is dormant, more detailed information on the EEVF’s tectonic, magmatic, and degassing systems and its active tectonic fault zones are needed. Such data could provide additional insights into earthquake processes that are related to magmatic processes at the lower crust.
Soil nutrients sampled in and around harvester ant nests in three habitats at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 1987
This dataset contains soil nutrient content measurements from harvester ant nests and reference soils in three nesting habitats at the Jornada Basin LTER site in 1987. The purpose of this investigation was to answer three general questions: 1. How does the modification of soil properties and the ratios of resources (e.g., water-N) by ants alter species assemblages of winter annual plants at the edge of the ant nests? 2. How does the "spring cleaning", clipping, predation or herbivory by ants affect success of the winter annual plants at the edge of ant nests? 3. Are there significant differences in the floristic assemblage and belowground standing crop (root biomass) between the edge of ant nest and the surrounding unaffected soils? Five ant nests and paired (non-nest) reference soils were sampled in three study locations. This dataset contains chemical analyses for the soil samples collected for each of the three sites, including total nitrogen, (ammonium, nitrate), inorganic phosphorus, and exchangeable cations (K+, Na+, Ca2+ and Mg2+). Also included is below ground biomass from five ant nests for each of the three sites. This study was completed in 1987.
Soil organic matter content sampled in and around harvester ant nests in three habitats at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 1987
This dataset contains soil organic matter content measurements from harvester ant nests and reference soils in three nesting habitats at the Jornada Basin LTER site in 1987. The purpose of this investigation was to answer three general questions: 1. How does the modification of soil properties and the ratios of resources (e.g., water-N) by ants alter species assemblages of winter annual plants at the edge of the ant nests? 2. How does the "spring cleaning", clipping, predation or herbivory by ants affect success of the winter annual plants at the edge of ant nests? 3. Are there significant differences in the floristic assemblage and belowground standing crop (root biomass) between the edge of ant nest and the surrounding unaffected soils? Five ant nests and paired (non-nest) reference soils were sampled in three study locations. This dataset contains percent (%) organic matter content measured by mass-loss on combustion in a muffle furnace. This study was completed in 1987.
Gravimetric soil water content sampled in and around harvester ant nests in three habitats at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 1987
This dataset contains gravimetric soil water content measurements from harvester ant nests and reference soils in three nesting habitats at the Jornada Basin LTER site in 1987. The purpose of this investigation was to answer three general questions: 1. How does the modification of soil properties and the ratios of resources (e.g., water-N) by ants alter species assemblages of winter annual plants at the edge of the ant nests? 2. How does the "spring cleaning", clipping, predation or herbivory by ants affect success of the winter annual plants at the edge of ant nests? 3. Are there significant differences in the floristic assemblage and belowground standing crop (root biomass) between the edge of ant nest and the surrounding unaffected soils? Five ant nests and paired (non-nest) reference soils were sampled in three study locations on a monthly schedule from January to May 1987. This dataset contains percent (%) soil water content in these samples determined using the gravimetric method. This study was completed in 1987.
Temnothorax rugatulus ants do not change their nest walls in response to environmental humidity
<p><strong>Overview</strong></p> <p>Data used for manuscript: <em>Temnothorax rugatulus</em> ants do not change their nest walls in response to environmental humidity</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Structure of the data</strong></p> <p>SupplementalHygrometerDatabase.csv</p> <p>Raw hygrometer data that is used to calculate the average environmental humidity and temperature for each Trial:Salt combination</p> <ul> <li>Colony: Unique experimental colony identifiers</li> <li>TrialNumber: Sequential trial number (1-4) that is NOT unique for each colony - see "Trial"</li> <li>Salt: Saturated salt solution used</li> <li>"Date Time, GMT-07:00": Date and time of each observation</li> <li>Temp: Temperature in celcius</li> <li>RH: Relative humidity (%)</li> <li>Trial: The trial number for each individual colony, each colony underwent two trials</li> </ul> <p>HumidityExperimentalDatabase.csv</p> <p>Raw experimental data with nest features and colony size</p> <ul> <li>Colony: Unique experimental colony identifiers</li> <li>Trial: The trial number for each individual colony, each colony underwent two trials</li> <li>TrialNumber: Sequential trial number (1-4) that is NOT unique for each colony - see "Trial"</li> <li>Day: The day in the experimental timeline (always 10, but days 1 and 5 were captured and not considered)</li> <li>Area: Area of the built nest wall (mm<sup>2</sup>)</li> <li>Length: Length of the built nest wall (mm)</li> <li>Nest.Area: Area of the internal nest space (mm<sup>2</sup>)</li> <li>HumLevel: Whether the colony started with a higher or lower relative humidity (High/Low)</li> <li>Number.Ant: The number of workers in the colony</li> <li>Number.Brood: The number of brood in the colony</li> <li>Number.Queens: The number of brood in the colony</li> <li>Salt: Saturated salt solution used</li> <li>SubstrateISide: Substrate I placement in the container from the perspective of looking out from the nest entrance</li> <li>StartWtI: The initial weight (g) of the available substrate I building nest wall material</li> <li>UsedWtI: The weight (g) of the available substrate I building nest wall material following the experimental building phase</li> <li>StartWtII: The initial weight (g) of the available substrate II building nest wall material</li> <li>UsedWtII: The weight (g) of the available substrate II building nest wall material following the experimental building phase</li> <li>CollWallWt: The weight (g) of the experimental nest wall that each colony built</li> </ul> <p>HumidMortalityRaw.csv</p> <p>Raw experimental data with proportion of workers and brood dead after each colony underwent Trial 1</p> <ul> <li>Colony: Unique experimental colony identifiers</li> <li>WorkerDeath: Proportion of workers that died</li> <li>BroodDeath: Proportion of brood that died</li> <li>TrialNumber: Sequential trial number (1-4) that is NOT unique for each colony</li> </ul> <p>PorosityComparisonRaw.csv</p> <p>Data used for comparing the porosities of each experimental substrate, experimentally built walls, and collected <em>Temnothorax rugatulus</em> walls</p> <p>Porosity is the percentage of void space in compact substrate - PoreVolume/TotalVolume</p> <ul> <li>SubstrateID: A unique identifier for each substrate replicate</li> <li>Trial: The trial number for each individual colony, each colony underwent two trials (only applicable for experimentally built walls)</li> <li>SubCategory: The type of substrate (Sub I, Sub II, Built, Natural)</li> <li>TotalVolume: The combined pore (void space in compact substrate grains) and soil volume (ml) of a substrate</li> <li>PoreVolume: The void space in between compact substrate grains (ml)</li> </ul>
Fig. 4 in Changes In The Structure Of Nest Complexes Of The Red Wood Ants Formica Rufa And F. Polyctena (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) In Urban Forests
Fig. 4. Degradation of the Formica rufa complex No. 1 (Feofaniya) in terms of average height (4, A) and diameter (4, B) under conditions of intensive construction and recreation; 4, С, D — diameter and height near the nest complex of F. polyctena No. 4 (surroundings of the Observatory), under conditions of felling of the shrub layer and processing of fallen trunks and branches into wood chips.
Figure 4 in Changes In The Structure Of Nest Complexes Of The Red Wood Ants Formica Rufa And F. Polyctena (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) In Urban Forests
Figure 4 shows the degradation trends for the nest complexes of F. rufa No. 1 (4, A, B), F. polyctena No. 4 (4, C, D). For F. rufa No. 1, there was a sharp decrease in the average diameter of anthills in 2014, and on the contrary, an increase since 2015 (fig. 4, A). In 2016, this indicator remained at approximately the same level, and in 2021 it decreased again. In 2022, this nest complex
Fig. 1 in Changes In The Structure Of Nest Complexes Of The Red Wood Ants Formica Rufa And F. Polyctena (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) In Urban Forests
Fig. 1. Location of nest complexes of Formica rufa (diamonds), F. polyctena (triangles) on the territory of the city of Kyiv (Ukraine). The city limits are marked by a red line, the forest areas by dark grey. The numbers correspond to the serial number of each complex.
Nest choice in arboreal ants is an emergent consequence of network creation under spatial constraints
<p>Biological transportation networks must balance competing functional priorities. The self-organizing mechanisms used to generate such networks have inspired scalable algorithms to construct and maintain low-cost and efficient human-designed transport networks. The pheromone-based trail networks of ants have been especially valuable in this regard. Here, we use turtle ants as our focal system: In contrast to the ant species usually used as models for self-organized networks, these ants live in a spatially constrained arboreal environment where both nesting options and connecting pathways are limited. Thus, they must solve a distinct set of challenges which resemble those faced by human transport engineers constrained by existing infrastructure. Here, we ask how a turtle ant colony's choice of which nests to include in a network may be influenced by their potential to create connections to other nests. In laboratory experiments with Cephalotes varians and Cephalotes texanus, we show that nest choice is influenced by spatial constraints, but in unexpected ways. Under one spatial configuration, colonies preferentially occupied more connected nest sites; however, under another spatial configuration, this preference disappeared. Comparing the results of these experiments to an agent-based model, we demonstrate that this apparently idiosyncratic relationship between nest connectivity and nest choice can emerge without nest preferences via a combination of self-reinforcing random movement along constrained pathways and density-dependent aggregation at nests. While this mechanism does not consistently lead to the de-novo construction of low-cost, efficient transport networks, it may be an effective way to expand a network, when coupled with processes of pruning and restructuring.</p>
Group-level trait and individual performance: the impact of in-nest activity on food recruitment in ants
<p>Dataset, R and Python scripts corresponding to the results displayed in the article "Group-level trait and individual performance: the impact of in-nest activity on food recruitment in ants".</p> <p>R script works in pair with all three .csv files.</p> <p>.txt files are example of output generated by the Python script that analyses a worker's path inside the nest.</p> <p>3 videos from the experiment are also available. They allow visualization of the setup as well as testing of Python scripts.</p>
Data from: Does the history of option quality affect nest site choice in the acorn ant?
<p>During decision−making, animals consider not only the current but also the past quality of options. For example, when humans evaluate performance (e.g. sales) of employees, they do not only consider the average performance but also the trend of performance ascending performance is often viewed as more favorable than descending performance. In our study, we test if non-human animals have a similar bias when they are evaluating options using house-hunting by the acorn ant, <em>Temnothorax curvispinosus</em>, as our model system. Our data show that when nest-site quality is static over time, ant colonies tend to prefer the nest site which was better (i.e. darker) between two nest options. However, when the nest quality changes—one improves and the other worsens—over time, more colonies choose the low-quality, but improving, nest than the high-quality, but worsening, nest. These results suggest that a continuous change of option quality may influence evaluation. We discuss alternative explanations for our results, possible mechanisms and potential ecological benefits for keeping track of the nest-site quality.</p>
Fig. 1 in High winter survival rate of acorn ants inside artificial nest sites (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Fig. 1 – Changes in temperature recorded near the nest sites with the Temnothorax crassispinus ant colonies localised at ground level, as well as near the nest sites about 5 cm below ground level and 1.5 m above ground level. The experiment lasted from 4 December 2020 to 24 February 2021, but only the temperatures for February are presented. The higher temperatures recorded at ground level and 5 cm below ground level, compared to the temperatures 1.5 above ground level, were probably affected by heating from the sun; the data loggers situated 1.5 m above ground level were attached to trees on the north side, so they were not affected by the sun.
Fig. 5 in , a New Neotropical Jackal Fly Genus of Milichiidae (Insecta: Diptera) Associated with Carton Ant Nest.
Fig. 5. Brakemyia metallica, gen. et sp. nov., female, ovipositor (paratype). A: Dorsal view. B: Ventral view. Abbreviations: cerc = cercus; st = sternite; tg = tergite.
Fig. 3 in , a New Neotropical Jackal Fly Genus of Milichiidae (Insecta: Diptera) Associated with Carton Ant Nest.
Fig. 3. Brakemyia metallica, gen. et sp. nov., female from Amazonas state. A: Wing, posterior view. B: Head, anterior view. C: Postfrons, anterior view. D: First flagellomere, lateral view. Abbreviations: C = Costal vein; CuA+CuP anterior branch of cubital vein + posterior branch of cubital vein; dm-m = discal medial crossvein; M1 = first branch of media; M4 = fourth branch of media; R1 = anterior branch of radius; R2+3 = second branch of radius; R4+5 = third branch of radius.
Fig. 4 in , a New Neotropical Jackal Fly Genus of Milichiidae (Insecta: Diptera) Associated with Carton Ant Nest.
Fig. 4. Brakemyia metallica, gen. et sp. nov., male (holotype). A: Genitalia, ventral view. B: Genitalia, lateral view. C: Hypandrial complex, ventral view. Abbreviations: cerc = cercus; epand = epandrium; hypd arm = hypandrial arm; distph = distiphallus; phapod scl = phallapodeme sclerite; pregt = pregonite; sur = surstylus.
Fig. 1. A in , a New Neotropical Jackal Fly Genus of Milichiidae (Insecta: Diptera) Associated with Carton Ant Nest.
Fig. 1. A: Carton nest of Azteca aff. chartifex Forel (Formicidae: Dolichoderinae). B: Emerging box.
Fig. 2 in , a New Neotropical Jackal Fly Genus of Milichiidae (Insecta: Diptera) Associated with Carton Ant Nest.
Fig. 2. Brakemyia metallica, gen. et sp. nov. A–E: Female, from Amazonas state. F: Male (holotype), from Pará state. A: Habitus, lateral view. B: Head and thorax, lateral view. C: Head and thorax, dorsal view (the dented mesonotum was an accidental artefact from handling or the drying process). D: Abdomen, dorsal view. E: Head, anterior view. F: Head, anterior view.
Fig. 2 in Nest architecture development of grass-cutting ants
Fig. 2. Detail of the fungal chamber of Atta bisphaerica in different forms (A and B). Botucatu, SP, 2014.
Fig. 4 – Cluster analysis results for the distance from which ants mobilize from the nest. 4 in Mobilization Strategies in Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Fig. 4 – Cluster analysis results for the distance from which ants mobilize from the nest. 4th cluster: F cin – Formica cinerea; 3rd cluster: F. fus – F. fusca; M. rub – Myrmica rubra; M. mut – Messor muticus; M. rug – Myrmica ruginodis; L. bru – Lasius brunneus; D. qua – Dolichoderus quadripunctatus; L. nig – Lasius niger; L. pla – L. platythorax; L. neg U – L. neglectus; T. cae – Tetramorium caespitum; T. err – Tapinoma erraticum; Temn – Temnothorax sp.; P. pal – Plagiolepis pallescens; L. ace – Leptothorax acervorum; S. fug – Solenopsis fugax; P. tau – Plagiolepis tauricus; T. arm – Tetramorium armatum; M. sal – Myrmica salina; M. spe – M. specioides; F. cun – Formica cunicularia; L. ema – Lasius emarginatus; F. ruf – Formica rufibarbis; F. cla – F. clara; C. aet – Camponotus aethiops; 2nd cluster: F. tru – Formica truncorum; L. ful – Lasius fuliginosus; C. vag – Camponotus vagus; F. pra – Formica pratensis; 1st cluster: F. rufa – Formica rufa; F. pol – F. polyctena; C. sub U – Crematogaster subdentata.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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