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35 results for “arboreal ants”
Nest choice in arboreal ants is an emergent consequence of network creation under spatial constraints
<p>Biological transportation networks must balance competing functional priorities. The self-organizing mechanisms used to generate such networks have inspired scalable algorithms to construct and maintain low-cost and efficient human-designed transport networks. The pheromone-based trail networks of ants have been especially valuable in this regard. Here, we use turtle ants as our focal system: In contrast to the ant species usually used as models for self-organized networks, these ants live in a spatially constrained arboreal environment where both nesting options and connecting pathways are limited. Thus, they must solve a distinct set of challenges which resemble those faced by human transport engineers constrained by existing infrastructure. Here, we ask how a turtle ant colony's choice of which nests to include in a network may be influenced by their potential to create connections to other nests. In laboratory experiments with Cephalotes varians and Cephalotes texanus, we show that nest choice is influenced by spatial constraints, but in unexpected ways. Under one spatial configuration, colonies preferentially occupied more connected nest sites; however, under another spatial configuration, this preference disappeared. Comparing the results of these experiments to an agent-based model, we demonstrate that this apparently idiosyncratic relationship between nest connectivity and nest choice can emerge without nest preferences via a combination of self-reinforcing random movement along constrained pathways and density-dependent aggregation at nests. While this mechanism does not consistently lead to the de-novo construction of low-cost, efficient transport networks, it may be an effective way to expand a network, when coupled with processes of pruning and restructuring.</p>
Linked collectors and determiners for: A review of the arboreal Afrotropical ant genus Axinidris..
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "A review of the arboreal Afrotropical ant genus Axinidris.". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/df35f9a0-b8de-413a-9c80-de8ccf60234d">https://bionomia.net/dataset/df35f9a0-b8de-413a-9c80-de8ccf60234d</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/df35f9a0-b8de-413a-9c80-de8ccf60234d">https://gbif.org/dataset/df35f9a0-b8de-413a-9c80-de8ccf60234d</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Linked collectors and determiners for: First record in Canada for the bicolored arboreal carpenter ant Camponotus discolor Buckley (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "First record in Canada for the bicolored arboreal carpenter ant Camponotus discolor Buckley (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/44c69331-0fc4-46b0-9da5-8b5d5d933989">https://bionomia.net/dataset/44c69331-0fc4-46b0-9da5-8b5d5d933989</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/44c69331-0fc4-46b0-9da5-8b5d5d933989">https://gbif.org/dataset/44c69331-0fc4-46b0-9da5-8b5d5d933989</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Fig. 4 in A comparison of ground-dwelling and arboreal ant assemblages (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in lowland forests of Cambodia
Fig. 4. Non-metric multidimensional scaling ordination for grounddwelling ants in community forest (Kampong Chhnang), regrowth and natural forests (Kampong Thom). Circle: ground samples in community forest; triangle: ground samples in regrowth forest; square: ground samples in natural forest.
Fig. 2 in A comparison of ground-dwelling and arboreal ant assemblages (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in lowland forests of Cambodia
Fig. 2. Surveyed lowland forests of Cambodia. A, community forest in Kampong Chhnang Province; B, regrowth forest in Kampong Thom Province; C, natural forest in Kampong Thom Province.
Fig. 5 in A comparison of ground-dwelling and arboreal ant assemblages (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in lowland forests of Cambodia
Fig. 5. Non-metric multidimensional scaling ordination for arboreal ants in community forest (Kampong Chhnang), regrowth and natural forests (Kampong Thom). Circle: arboreal samples in community forest; triangle: arboreal samples in regrowth forest; square: arboreal samples in natural forest.
Fig. 3. A in A comparison of ground-dwelling and arboreal ant assemblages (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in lowland forests of Cambodia
Fig. 3. A, Mean species richness (with S.D.) of ants per transect in community, regrowth and natural forests; B, Species richness in community, regrowth and natural forests of Cambodia. The dark band indicates the number of overlapping species between ground and arboreal samples.
Fig. 1 in A comparison of ground-dwelling and arboreal ant assemblages (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in lowland forests of Cambodia
Fig. 1. Map of study sites in Kampong Chhnang and Kampong Thom Provinces, Cambodia. CF, community forest in Kampong Chhnang Province; RF, regrowth forest; NF, natural forest in Kampong Thom Province.
Data from: Too cold to handle: Climatic constraints on arboreal ants in temperate forests
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Data from: Reaching new heights: Arboreal ant diversity in a North American temperate forest ecosystem
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Nest choice in arboreal ants is an emergent consequence of network creation under spatial constraints
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Data from: The arboreal ants of a Neotropical rainforest show high species density and comprise one third of the ant fauna
<p>In tropical rainforests, the ant community can be divided into ground and arboreal faunas. Here we report a thorough sampling of the arboreal ant fauna of La Selva Biological Station, a Neotropical rainforest site. Forty-five canopy fogging samples were centered around large trees. Individual samples harbored an average of 35 ant species, with up to 55 species in a single sample. The fogging samples yielded 163 observed species total, out of a statistically estimated 199 species. We found no relationship between within-sample ant richness and focal tree species, nor were the ant faunas of nearby trees more similar to each other than the faunas of widely spaced trees. Species density was high and beta diversity was low: a single column of vegetation typically harbors at least a fifth of the entire arboreal ant fauna. Considering the entire fauna, based on 23,326 species occurrence records using a wide variety of collecting methods, 182 of 539 observed species (196 of 605, estimated statistically) were entirely arboreal. The arboreal ant fauna is thus about a third of the total La Selva ant fauna, a robust result because inventory completeness was similar for ground and arboreal ants. The taxonomic history of discovery of the species that make up the La Selva fauna reveals no disproportionately large pool of undiscovered ant species in the canopy. The "last biotic frontier" for tropical ants has been the rotten wood, leaf litter, and soil of the forest floor.</p>
Data from: Influences of species interactions with aggressive ants and habitat filtering on nest colonization and community composition of arboreal twig-nesting ants
Ant community assembly is driven by many factors including species interactions (e.g. competition, predation, parasitism), habitat filtering (e.g. vegetation differences, food and nesting resources), and dispersal. Canopy ant communities, including dominant and twig-nesting ants, are structured by all these different factors, but we know less about the impacts of species interactions and habitat filters acting at the colonization or recruitment stage. We examined occupation of artificial twig nests placed in shade trees in coffee agroecosystems. We asked whether species interactions -- aggression from the dominant canopy ant, Azteca sericeasur (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) -- or habitat filtering -- species of tree where nests were placed, tree size, or surrounding vegetation -- influence colonization, species richness, and community composition of twig-nesting ants. We found 20 species of ants occupying artificial nests. Nest occupation was lower on trees with A. sericeasur, but did not differ depending on tree species or surrounding vegetation. Yet, there were species-specific differences in occupation depending on A. sericeasur presence and tree species. Ant species richness did not vary with A. sericeasur presence or tree species. Community composition varied with A. sericeasur presence, tree height, and surrounding vegetation. Our results suggest that species interactions with dominant ants are important determinants of colonization and community composition of twig-nesting ants. Habitat filtering by tree species did not affect twig-nesting ants, but changes in tree size or coffee management may contribute to differences in community composition with important implications for ant conservation in agricultural landscapes, as well as biological control of coffee pests.
Disentangling the assembly mechanisms of ant cuticular bacterial communities of two Amazonian ant species sharing a common arboreal nest
<p>Bacteria living on the cuticle of ants are generally studied for their protective role against pathogens, especially in the clade of fungus-growing ants. However, little is known of the diversity of cuticular bacteria in other ant host species, as well as of the mechanisms leading to the composition of these communities. Here, we used 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to study the influence of host species, species interactions, and the pool of bacteria from the environment on the assembly of cuticular bacterial communities on two phylogenetically distant Amazonian ant species that frequently nest together inside the roots system of epiphytic plant<i>s</i>, <i>Camponotus femoratus</i> and <i>Crematogaster levior</i>. Our results show that 1) the vast majority of the bacterial community on the cuticle is shared with the nest, suggesting that most bacteria on the cuticle are acquired through environmental acquisition, 2) 5.2% and 2.0% OTUs are respectively specific to <i>Camponotus femoratus</i> and <i>Crematogaster levior</i>, likely representing their respective core cuticular bacterial community, and 3) 3.6% of OTUs are shared between the two ant species. Additionally, mass spectrometry metabolomics analysis of metabolites on the cuticle of ants, which excludes the detection of cuticular hydrocarbons produced by the host, were conducted to evaluate correlations among bacterial OTUs and m/z ion mass. Although some positive and negative correlations are found, the cuticular chemical composition was weakly species specific which supports that cuticular bacterial communities are prominently environmentally acquired. Overall, our results suggest that the environment is the dominant source of bacteria found on the cuticle of ants.</p>
Data from: Tropical arboreal ants form dominance hierarchies over nesting resources
Interspecific dominance hierarchies have been widely reported across animal systems. High-ranking species are expected to monopolize more resources than low-ranking species via resource monopolization. In some ant species, dominance hierarchies have been used to explain species coexistence and community structure. However, it remains unclear whether or in what contexts dominance hierarchies occur in tropical ant communities. This study seeks to examine whether arboreal twig-nesting ants competing for nesting resources in a Mexican coffee agricultural ecosystem are arranged in a linear dominance hierarchy. We described the dominance relationships among 10 species of ants and measured the uncertainty and steepness of the inferred dominance hierarchy. We also assessed the orderliness of the hierarchy by considering species interactions at the network level. Based on the randomized Elo-rating method, we found that the twig-nesting ant species Myrmelachista mexicana ranked highest in the ranking, while Pseudomyrmex ejectus was ranked as the lowest in the hierarchy. Our results show that the hierarchy was intermediate in its steepness, suggesting that the probability of higher ranked species winning contests against lower ranked species was fairly high. Motif analysis and significant excess of triads further revealed that the species networks were largely transitive. This study highlights that some tropical arboreal ant communities organize into dominance hierarchies.
Data from: Tropical arboreal ants form dominance hierarchies over nesting resources
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Data from: Influences of species interactions with aggressive ants and habitat filtering on nest colonization and community composition of arboreal twig-nesting ants
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Data from: The arboreal ants of a Neotropical rainforest show high species density and comprise one third of the ant fauna
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Disentangling the assembly mechanisms of ant cuticular bacterial communities of two Amazonian ant species sharing a common arboreal nest
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Data from: Arboreal ant abundance tracks primary productivity in an Amazonian whitewater river system
Little is known about consumer productivity in the tropics despite the key feedbacks that animals impose on primary productivity. In the Amazon basin, seasonally flooded and unflooded forests exist side by side, and ants (Formicidae) dominate animal biomass. Although flooding has a direct, negative effect on soil-dwelling ants, it is less clear whether flooding has indirect effects on arboreal ants via associated changes in tree communities. To test whether seasonal inundation by whitewater affects arboreal ants, we investigated ant communities in adjacent flooded and unflooded forests along a major whitewater river in central-western Amazonia. Whitewater-flooded forest exhibits higher primary productivity than unflooded forest. We thus hypothesized that forest type would affect the productivity and the foraging traits of arboreal ants, and that these changes would be mediated by increases in plant-derived food for ants in flooded forest. We compared ant and plant communities between flooded and unflooded forest transects along the Juruá River in Amazonas, Brazil. We collected, identified, and counted terrestrial and arboreal ants, and we measured ant traits with putative relationships to foraging strategy. We also identified plant stems to characterize the abundance of ant food rewards. Flooding negatively affected the diversity and abundance of terrestrial ants but did not change the diversity of arboreal ants. Arboreal ants were more abundant and exhibited higher biomass in flooded forest than in unflooded forest. Arboreal ant traits also suggested that ants may rely more heavily on plant-derived food in flooded forest than in unflooded forest. These differences were associated with a higher abundance of plant stems predicted to contain ant food rewards in flooded forest than in unflooded forest. Our results indicate that the productivity of arboreal ants is affected by that of the underlying forest. Such effects may be mediated by the predominantly herbivorous foraging strategy of canopy ants, which would link ant populations closely to primary production and stoichiometry. Given ants' important functional roles, these differences in ant productivity between forest types may have consequences for other arthropods and feedbacks to plants throughout the Amazon basin.
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