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12 results for “arbuscular mycorrhiza”
Data from: Partial mycoheterotrophy in green plants forming Paris-type arbuscular mycorrhiza requires a thorough investigation
<p>Recently, many green plants forming <em>Paris</em>-type arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) have been suggested to receive fungal carbon (Giesemann <em>et al.</em> 2020b, 2021). Whereas the enrichment of natural abundance of heavy stable isotopes (particularly <sup>13</sup>C) has been considered as strong evidence for this 'partial mycoheterotrophy,' we show our own data on isotopic abundances and mycorrhizal colonization in Japanese plants and argue that the <sup>13</sup>C-enrichment may not always be the result of acquiring carbon from AM fungi.</p>
The use of plant, bacterial and fungal resources in soil food webs of ecto- and arbuscular mycorrhiza-dominated deciduous forests
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Data from: Partial mycoheterotrophy in green plants forming Paris-type arbuscular mycorrhiza requires a thorough investigation
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Data from: Host-specific effects of soil microbial filtrates prevail over those of arbuscular mycorrhizae in a fragmented landscape
Plant-soil interactions have been shown to determine plant community composition in a wide range of environments. However, how plants distinctly interact with beneficial and detrimental organisms across mosaic landscapes containing fragmented habitats is still poorly understood. We experimentally tested feedback responses between plants and soil microbial communities from adjacent habitats across a disturbance gradient within a human-modified tropical montane landscape. In a greenhouse experiment, two components of soil microbial communities were amplified; arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and a filtrate excluding AMF spores from the soils of pastures (high disturbance), coffee plantations (intermediate disturbance), and forest fragments (low disturbance), using potted seedlings of 11 plant species common in these habitats (pasture grass, coffee, and 9 native species). We then examined their effects on growth of these same 11 host species with reciprocal habitat inoculation. Most plant species received a similar benefit from AMF, but differed in their response to the filtrates from the three habitats. Soil filtrate from pastures had a net negative effect on plant growth, while filtrates from coffee plantations and forests had a net positive effect on plant growth. Pasture grass, coffee and five pioneer tree species performed better with the filtrate from "away" (where these species rarely occur) compared to "home" (where these species typically occur) habitat soils, while four shade tolerant tree species grew similarly with filtrates from different habitats. These results suggest that pastures accumulate species-specific soil enemies, while coffee plantations and forests accumulate beneficial soil microbes that benefit pioneer native plants and coffee, respectively. Thus, compared to AMF, soil filtrates exerted stronger habitat and host-specific effects on plants, being more important mediators of plant-soil feedbacks across contrasting habitats.
Data from: Host-specific effects of soil microbial filtrates prevail over those of arbuscular mycorrhizae in a fragmented landscape
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Data from: Ecological intensification and arbuscular mycorrhizas: a meta-analysis of tillage and cover crop effects
1. Reliance on ecosystem services instead of synthetic, non-renewable inputs is increasingly seen as key to achieving food security in an environmentally sustainable way. This process, known as ecological intensification, will depend in large part on enhancing below-ground biological interactions that facilitate resource use efficiency. Arbuscular mycorrhizas (AM), associations formed between the roots of most terrestrial plant species and a specialized group of soil fungi, provide valuable ecosystem services, but the full magnitude of these services may not be fully realized under conventional intensively-managed annual agricultural systems. 2. Here we use meta-analysis to assess how reducing soil disturbance and periods without roots in agricultural systems affects the formation of AM and the diversity and community composition of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). We compiled data from 54 field studies across five continents that measured effects of tillage and/or cover cropping on AMF colonization and/or communities and assessed effects of management and environmental factors on these responses. 3. Less intensive tillage and winter cover cropping similarly increased AMF colonization of summer annual cash crop roots by ~30%. The key variables influencing the change in AMF colonization were the type of cover crop or the type of alternative tillage, suggesting that farmers can optimize combinations of tillage and cover crops that most enhance AM formation, particularly with no-till systems and legume cover crops. 4. Richness of AMF taxa increased by 11% in low-intensity vs. conventional tillage regimes. Several studies showed changes in diversity and community composition of AMF with cover cropping, but these responses were not consistent. 5. Synthesis and applications. This meta-analysis indicates that less intensive tillage and cover cropping are both viable strategies for enhancing root colonization from indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) across a wide range of soil types and cash crop species, and possibly also shifting AMF community structure, which could in turn increase biologically-based resource use in agricultural systems.
Data from: Ecological intensification and arbuscular mycorrhizas: a meta-analysis of tillage and cover crop effects
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Mildew locus O facilitates colonization by arbuscular mycorrhiza in angiosperms
GEO Series GSE144199. Hordeum vulgare. 24 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Transcriptome analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana and Lotus japonicus exposed to arbuscular mycorrhizae
GEO Series GSE225213. Arabidopsis thaliana; Lotus japonicus. 44 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
A roadmap of cell-type specific gene expression during late stages of the arbuscular mycorrhiza symbiosis
GEO Series GSE42747. Medicago sativa; Medicago truncatula; Sinorhizobium meliloti. 9 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
A roadmap of cell-type specific gene expression during early stages of the arbuscular mycorrhiza symbiosis
GEO Series GSE42746. Medicago truncatula; Medicago sativa; Sinorhizobium meliloti. 6 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
A roadmap of cell-type specific gene expression during sequential stages of the arbuscular mycorrhiza symbiosis
GEO Series GSE42748. Medicago sativa; Medicago truncatula; Sinorhizobium meliloti. 15 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
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OpenNeuro
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