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28 results for “bacterial invasion”
Siderophores drive invasion dynamics in bacterial communities through their dual role as public good versus public bad
<p>Microbial invasions can compromise ecosystem services and spur dysbiosis and disease in hosts. Nevertheless, the mechanisms determining invasion outcomes often remain unclear. Here, we examine the role of iron-scavenging siderophores in driving invasions of <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> into resident communities of environmental pseudomonads. Siderophores can be "public goods" by delivering iron to individuals possessing matching receptors; but they can also be "public bads" by withholding iron from competitors lacking these receptors. Accordingly, siderophores should either promote or impede invasion, depending on their effects on invader and resident growth. Using supernatant feeding and invasion assays, we show that invasion success indeed increased when the invader could use its siderophores to inhibit (public bad) rather than stimulate (public good) resident growth. Conversely, invasion success decreased the more the invader was inhibited by the residents' siderophores. Our findings identify siderophores as a major driver of invasion dynamics in bacterial communities under iron-limited conditions.</p>
Siderophores drive invasion dynamics in bacterial communities through their dual role as public good versus public bad
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Data from: Entangled fates of holobiont genomes during invasion: nested bacterial and host diversities in Caulerpa taxifolia
Successful prevention and mitigation of biological invasions requires retracing the initial steps of introduction, as well as understanding key elements enhancing the adaptability of invasive species. We studied the genetic diversity of the green alga Caulerpa taxifolia and its associated bacterial communities in several areas around the world. The striking congruence of α and ß diversity of the algal genome and endophytic communities reveals a tight association, supporting the holobiont concept as best describing the unit of spreading and invasion. Both genomic compartments support the hypotheses of a unique accidental introduction in the Mediterranean and of multiple invasion events in Southern Australia. In addition to helping with tracing the origin of invasion, bacterial communities exhibit metabolic functions that can potentially enhance adaptability and competitiveness of the consortium they form with their host. We thus hypothesize that low genetic diversities of both host and symbiont communities may contribute to the recent regression in the Mediterranean, in contrast with the persistence of highly diverse assemblages in southern Australia. This study supports the importance of scaling up from the host to the holobiont for a comprehensive understanding of invasions.
Dataset related to article "Neutrophils mediate protection in colitis and carcinogenesis by controlling bacterial invasion and IL-22 production by gdT cells"
<p>This record contains raw data related to article "<strong>Neutrophils mediate protection in colitis and carcinogenesis by controlling bacterial invasion and IL-22 production by gd T cells"</strong></p><p>Abstract</p><p>Neutrophils are the most abundant leukocytes in human blood and play a primary role in resistance against invading microorganisms and in the acute inflammatory response. However, their role in colitis and colitis-associated colorectal cancer is still under debate. Therefore, this study aims to dissect the role of neutrophils in these pathological contexts by using a rigorous genetic approach. Neutrophil-deficient mice (Csf3r-/- mice) were challenged with classic models of colitis and colitis-associated colorectal cancer and the role of neutrophils was assessed by histological, cellular and molecular analyses coupled with adoptive cell transfer and correlative analyses using human datasets. Csf3r-/- mice showed increased susceptibility to colitis and colitis-associated colorectal cancer compared to control Csf3r+/+ mice and adoptive transfer of neutrophils in Csf3r-/- mice reverted the phenotype. In colitis, Csf3r-/- mice showed increased bacterial invasion and reduced number of healing ulcers in the colon, indicating compromised regenerative capacity of epithelial cells. Neutrophils were essential for T cell polarization and IL-22 production. In patients with ulcerative colitis, the expression of CSF3R was positively correlated with IL-22 and IL-23 expression. Moreover, gene signatures associated with epithelial cell development, proliferation and antimicrobial response were enriched in CSF3Rhigh patients. Our data support a model where neutrophils mediate protection against intestinal inflammation and colitis-associated colorectal cancer by controlling the intestinal microbiota and driving the activation of an IL-22-dependent tissue repair pathway.</p><p> </p>
Host biomarkers and combinatorial scores for the detection of serious and invasive bacterial infection in pediatric patients with fever without source
<h3><span>Background </span></h3> <p><span>Improved tools are required to detect bacterial infection in children with fever without source (FWS), especially when younger than 3 years old. The aim of the present study was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of a host signature combining for the first time two viral-induced biomarkers, tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and interferon </span><span>γ</span><span>-induced protein-10 (IP-10), with a bacterial-induced one, C-reactive protein (CRP), to reliably predict bacterial infection in children with fever without source (FWS) and to compare its performance to routine individual biomarkers (CRP, procalcitonin (PCT), white blood cell and absolute neutrophil counts, TRAIL, and IP-10) and to the Labscore.</span></p> <h3><span>Methods</span></h3> <p><span>This was a prospective diagnostic accuracy study conducted in a single tertiary center in children aged less than 3 years old presenting with FWS. Reference standard etiology (bacterial or viral) was assigned by a panel of three independent experts. Diagnostic accuracy (AUC, sensitivity, specificity) of host individual biomarkers and combinatorial scores was evaluated in comparison to reference standard outcomes (expert panel adjudication and microbiological diagnosis). </span></p> <h3><span>Results </span></h3> <p><span>241 patients were included. 68 of them (28%) were diagnosed with a bacterial infection and 5 (2%) with invasive bacterial infection (IBI). Labscore, ImmunoXpert, and CRP attained the highest AUC values for the detection of bacterial infection, respectively 0.854 (0.804–0.905), 0.827 (0.764–0.890), and 0.807 (0.744–0.869). Labscore and ImmunoXpert outperformed the other single biomarkers with higher sensitivity and/or specificity and showed comparable performance to one another although slightly reduced sensitivity in children < 90 days of age.</span></p> <h3><span>Conclusion </span></h3> <p><span>Labscore and ImmunoXpert demonstrate high diagnostic accuracy for safely discriminating bacterial infection in children with FWS aged under and over 90 days, </span><span>supporting their adoption in the assessment of febrile patients. </span></p>
Island area and remoteness shape plant and soil bacterial diversity through land use and biological invasion
<p>Biodiversity is declining dramatically due to human-driven land use change and biological invasion, but our knowledge of how such drivers influence plant and heterotroph diversity on island ecosystems remains limited. Historically island biogeography theory has focused solely on the direct effects of island size and remoteness on biodiversity, but these factors can also indirectly affect species gain and/or loss by impacting land use change and biological invasion. We built the structural equation model to explore the direct effects of island size and remoteness, and indirect effects of these factors via land use intensity and pinewood nematode invasion, on the diversity of plants and soil bacteria across 37 continental shelf islands in the largest land-bridge archipelago in eastern China.</p> <p>As expected we found that increasing island area directly promoted plant diversity. However, land use intensity increased with island area which also promoted plant diversity, and loss of pine forest by the pinewood nematode invasion increased with island remoteness which reduced plant diversity. Island remoteness only indirectly reduced plant diversity through increasing pine forest loss. Soil bacterial diversity was directly negatively impacted by island remoteness, and indirectly negatively impacted by island remoteness through increased soil electrical conductivity likely caused by greater salinity from sea spray. Furthermore, soil bacterial diversity was indirectly promoted by island area through increased plant diversity and decreased soil electrical conductivity, and indirectly reduced by pine forest loss through decreased plant diversity. Our findings highlight that island biogeography theory has relevance to understanding human impacts in the Anthropocene, and that there is a need to more explicitly recognize how island size and remoteness affect biodiversity not only directly, but also indirectly via their effects on human-induced drivers of biodiversity, such as land use change and biological invasion.</p>
Slow soil enzyme recovery following invasive tree removal through gradual changes in bacterial and fungal communities
<p><span>Biological invasions of plants have profound effects on ecosystem functioning by directly and indirectly altering soil microbiota, especially when invasive plants co-invade with their associated microbiomes. Ecosystem functions may recover slowly following invader removal, with implications for restoration. </span></p> <p><span>We investigated the recovery of soil ecosystem function (measured as soil enzymes) following the removal, at different densities and times, of invasive <em>Pinus</em> spp. in New Zealand, and how different enzymatic activities responded to pine legacies. </span></p> <p><span>Enzymatic activities were driven by pine legacies via both abiotic (soil nutrients) and biotic (fungi and bacteria) soil properties, with different enzymes showing distinct patterns. The activity of the enzymes cellobiohydrolase (cellulose degrading), β-glucosidase (cellulose degrading), N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (chitin degrading), laccase (lignin oxidising) and acid phosphatase (organic phosphate hydrolysing) were influenced by time since pine removal and by pine density at removal via effects on biotic communities. In comparison, Mn-peroxidase (lignin oxidising) was positively correlated with density of pines at removal and was negatively correlated with time since removal and was only influenced by fungal communities. </span></p> <p><em><span>Synthesis</span></em><span>. The recovery of soil enzymatic function following invasive species removal is slow, and dependent on pine legacies through the gradual changes in fungal and bacterial communities. The cascading effects of these changes suggest potential implications for the success of future plant establishment and restoration of co-invaded ecosystems.</span></p>
Data from: Entangled fates of holobiont genomes during invasion: nested bacterial and host diversities in Caulerpa taxifolia
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Island area and remoteness shape plant and soil bacterial diversity through land use and biological invasion
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Host biomarkers and combinatorial scores for the detection of serious and invasive bacterial infection in pediatric patients with fever without source
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Slow soil enzyme recovery following invasive tree removal through gradual changes in bacterial and fungal communities
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Bacterial communities and soil chemistry from ten established invasions of Lupinus polyphyllus in southwestern Finland, 2020
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Data from: Smooth brome invasion increases rare soil bacterial species prevalence and alters soil bacterial community composition
Plant and soil communities are tightly linked, but the mechanisms by which the invasion of an exotic plant and the resulting shifts in plant diversity and productivity influence soil bacterial community structure remain poorly understood. We investigated the effects of invasive smooth brome (Bromus inermis) on grassland soil bacterial community structure using massively-parallel sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene to determine bacterial community richness, evenness, composition, and beta diversity (UniFrac indices) of soils collected along a gradient of smooth brome abundance. We evaluated several hypotheses including: a) that the declines in native plant diversity associated with smooth brome invasion would cause declines in bacterial community diversity, and b) that mechanisms driving smooth brome effects on bacterial community structure involved altered soil edaphic properties rather than preferential invasion in areas of high soil nitrogen and distinct soil microbial communities. Smooth brome invasion led to increased soil nitrogen, soil carbon and root biomass. Bacterial evenness and bacterial richness increased with increasing smooth brome cover, while bacterial beta diversity declined. We found no evidence of a dominant direct link between the alteration of soil edaphic properties by brome and the changes in the soil bacterial community. Rather, the main controls on the soil bacterial community were direct effects of pH and smooth brome that could not be linked to the edaphic changes. The most important effect of brome on the bacterial community was the selective suppression of dominant bacterial species, which allowed rarer bacteria to increase in relative abundance. Synthesis: Here we show that plant community composition influences bacterial community structure at a very fine scale, but that these changes are not due to altered soil total nitrogen or carbon content. The dominant direct effect of smooth brome invasion on soil communities suggests non-edaphic, i.e. inter and intra-trophic, interactions among smooth brome and non-bacterial components of the soil ecosystem are key drivers of soil community structure. Some of the data in this repository were also reported in the following paper: Piper, C.L., Lamb, E.G. & Siciliano, S.D. (In Press) Smooth brome changes gross soil nitrogen cycling processes during invasion of a rough fescue grassland. Plant Ecology. doi:10.1007/s11258-014-0431-y
The Association of Gene Polymorphisms With Invasive Bacterial Infections in Neonates and Young Infants
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06985160. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 8.
Data from: Smooth brome invasion increases rare soil bacterial species prevalence and alters soil bacterial community composition
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Data from: Niche and fitness differences determine invasion success and impact in laboratory bacterial communities
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Data from: Elevated success of multispecies bacterial invasions impacts community composition during ecological succession
Successful microbial invasions are determined by a species' ability to occupy a niche in the new habitat whilst resisting competitive exclusion by the resident community. Despite the recognised importance of biotic factors in determining the invasiveness of microbial communities, the success and impact of multiple concurrent invaders on the resident community has not been examined. Simultaneous invasions might have synergistic effects, for example if resident species need to exhibit divergent phenotypes to compete with the invasive populations. We used three phylogenetically diverse bacterial species to invade two compositionally distinct communities in a controlled, naturalised in vitro system. By initiating the invader introductions at different stages of succession, we could disentangle the relative importance of resident community structure, invader diversity and time pre-invasion. Our results indicate that multiple invaders increase overall invasion success, but do not alter the successional trajectory of the whole community.
Bacterial QS expands the Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris invasion of host tissue to trigger host-chlorophagy and maximize disease symptom
<p>Using QS-responsive whole-cell bioreporters of<i> Xcc</i> and cabbage (<i><span>Brassica oleracea</span></i><span>) </span>as a model system and confocal microscopy, we show a detailed chronology of QS-facilitated <i>Xcc</i> colonization in the host mesophyll region. We report the QS-enabled bacterial localization of parenchymal chloroplast within heterogeneously invaded host mesophyll tissue, leading triggered leaf-chlorosis and systemic infection.</p>
Data from: Elevated success of multispecies bacterial invasions impacts community composition during ecological succession
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Bacterial QS expands the Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris invasion of host tissue to trigger host-chlorophagy and maximize disease symptom
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.