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517 results for “barrier islands”
Survey of small mammals using trapping data on all Virginia Coast Reserve barrier islands south of Parramore Island (inclusive) 1975-1978
During 1975 and 1977 live-trapping surveys of small-mammals of the Virginia Barrier Islands were conducted. Primary species encountered were Oryzomys palustris, Mus musculus, Micrutus pennsylvanicus, Rattus norvegicus, Cryptotis parva, and Peromyscus leucopus. Data is presented as primary trapping records giving the date of capture, island, species, sex and reproductive condition of the captured animal. Each animal was tagged to allow individual identification upon recapture. Each island was typically trapped for 8 days in two 4-day sessions.
Land cover for the barrier islands of the Delmarva Peninsula in Virginia, 1984-2016
We quantified state change from sand, grassland, and woody vegetation in seven undeveloped barrier islands over three time intervals because the ecological and economic value of upland barrier systems is significant, yet often overlooked. We focused on seven islands with woody land cover: Cedar, Parramore, Hog, Cobb, Wreck, Smith, and Fishermans. Landsat TM5 satellite images were obtained from the USGS Global Visualization Viewer for the following dates: September 21, 1984, September 12, 1998, August 15, 2011 and September 12, 2016. Images were chosen from available dates within the growing season and were cloud-free in order to minimize uncertainties due to heterogeneous atmospheric conditions. Barrier islands provide the first line of defense against storms for millions of people living in coastal areas. Upland vegetation (that is, grassland, shrubland, and maritime forest) has received little attention, even though this land surface is most strongly affected by development pressures. We use remote sensing analysis to assess state change on seven undeveloped Virginia barrier islands over 32 years (1984-2016) that are free from direct human influence. Our analysis highlights the spatial-temporally dynamic nature of barrier island upland land area and vegetation, with rapidly changing ecosystem states. Between 1984 and 2011, upland vegetation was dramatically reduced by 29% whereas woody vegetation cover increased 40% across all islands. Although conversions between sand, grassland, and woody vegetation were variable within each island, three major patterns of vegetative land cover change were apparent: overall loss of vegetative cover,frequent transitions between grass and woody cover, and gain in woody cover. These patterns are valuable for understanding natural evolution of barrier islands in response to sea-level rise. Evaluation of temporal dynamics in barrier upland is needed to characterize underlying processes including island resilience or chronic stress, a
Barrier Island Plant and Soil Properties on Hog and Metompkin Islands, Virginia, 2021-2022
Dune building has the potential to impact the entire barrier island ecosystem, and these grasses therefore serve as ecosystem engineers. Protection offered by dune ridges directly impacts the adjacent swale habitat, modifying both biotic and abiotic factors. In order to better understand how dune building impacts the island ecosystem as a whole, we quantified sediment accretion, plant percent cover, stem numbers, and soil characteristics (chlorides, bulk density, %OM, %C, %N). These characteristics were assessed on two islands with varied disturbance intensities. Hog island is infrequently disturbed, and resists change driven by storms and overwash. Metompkin island is frequently disturbed and undergoes high rates of overwash and island migration.
Migratory shorebird habitat use, diet, and prey selection on mudflats in the Virginia barrier island and lagoon system, 2023-2024
Migratory shorebirds require access to heterogenous resources during migration. Understanding how shorebirds utilize different foraging substrates and food resources across the coastal landscape is important for informing conservation. We compared shorebird habitat use and invertebrate prey communities between barrier island and mudflat foraging substrates. We counted shorebirds and collected prey samples at random points on sand, peat, and mudflat substrates during spring migration (May 14 - June 2), 2023 - 2024. We opportunistically collected fecal samples on mudflats in our study area and used fecal DNA metabarcoding with 18S (invertebrates) and 23S (biofilm) primers to describe the diets of dunlin (Calidris alpina), red knots (Calidris canutus rufa) and semipalmated sandpipers (Calidris pusilla). We then used network null modeling to determine if our focal species were selectively consuming invertebrates on mudflats. Peat banks were the most heavily used intertidal substrate and mudflats supported similar shorebird abundances and species richness to sand. Dunlin and semipalmated sandpipers were more abundant on peat and mudflats, while red knots were more abundant on sand and peat. Invertebrate density was highest on peat banks and similar between mudflat and sand substrate, though mudflats supported a more diverse prey community. Amphipod crustaceans, blue mussels (Mytilus edulis), and polychaete worms were main prey consumed by all species on mudflats. Dunlin and semipalmated sandpipers fed primarily on crustaceans whereas red knots mainly fed on bivalves. All species consumed biofilm and a high proportion of diatoms were observed in fecal samples collected from semipalmated sandpipers. Red knots and dunlin selectively consumed bivalves on mudflats while semipalmated sandpipers showed no dietary preferences. Managing staging sites to preserve a diversity of intertidal habitats is critical for meeting the variable foraging requirements of migratory shorebirds.
Red knot occurrence, prey density, island morphology, and climate change in the Virginia Barrier Islands (2009-2023)
Global climate change is reshaping dynamic coastal ecosystems, with uncertain consequences for migratory shorebirds such as the federally threatened red knot (Calidris canutus rufa) that rely on coastal staging sites during migration. Understanding how sea-level rise and changing climate drivers affect red knot foraging ecology is critical for informing conservation and management at coastal staging sites. We integrated long-term biological, geomorphological, and climatological data to examine the direct and indirect pathways influencing red knots and their prey at intertidal foraging sites on the Virginia Barrier Islands during spring migration (May 21 - 28, 2009-2023). Using piecewise structural equation modeling, we tested hypothesized two causal networks linking 1) red knot occurrence and 2) densities of their main invertebrate prey to habitat characteristics, island morphology, geomorphic change, and climate drivers of ecosystem change. Red knots were indirectly affected by geomorphic change and climate drivers through bottom-up effects on invertebrate communities mediated by island morphology. Accelerated shoreline change narrowed islands, reducing invertebrate density and richness and indirectly decreasing red knot occurrence. Storms interacted with global climate oscillations to drive erosion or accretion of beaches, with variable effects on invertebrate density and red knot occurrence. Invertebrate responses were taxon-specific: shoreline change directly increased blue mussel density but indirectly reduced coquina clam and crustacean densities by narrowing island width, while storms impacts on crustacean density were mediated by beach width. Our findings suggest that accelerated ecosystem change under future climate scenarios may alter foraging conditions for red knots and other migratory shorebirds in the Virginia Barrier Islands, with broader implications for long-term population resilience.
Dune Biomass on Hog Island, Virginia Coastal Barrier Islands, 1993-2012 (Reformatted to the ecocomDP Design Pattern)
This data package is formatted as an ecocomDP (Ecological Community Data Pattern). For more information on ecocomDP see https://github.com/EDIorg/ecocomDP. This Level 1 data package was derived from the Level 0 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/knb-lter-vcr/70/25. The abstract below was extracted from the Level 0 data package and is included for context:
Vegetation Survey on the Virginia Barrier Islands - Species by habitat, 1974
This dataset contains observations by Cheryl McCaffrey during a 1974 mapping of the vegetation on the barrier islands of the Virginia Coast Reserve (McCaffrey, CA, Dueser RD. 1990. Preliminary Vascular Flora for the Virginia Barrier Islands. Va. J. Sci.. 41:259-281. http://www.vacadsci.org/vjsArchives/V41/41-4A/p259.pdf) It also includes additional observations by Terry Cook on Hog Island in 1989. Note, because the primary purpose of this survey was mapping, species are listed if they were observed, but no extraordinary efforts were made to list all species on a particular island. Thus, an observation indicates that a species was there, but lack of an observation does not necessarily mean that the species was absent.
Dune Biomass on Hog Island, Virginia Coastal Barrier Islands, 1993-2012 (Reformatted to a Darwin Core Archive)
This data package is formatted as a Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A, event core). For more information on Darwin Core see https://www.tdwg.org/standards/dwc/. This Level 2 data package was derived from the Level 1 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/edi/323/2, which was derived from the Level 0 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/knb-lter-vcr/70/25. The abstract below was extracted from the Level 0 data package and is included for context:
Plant richness survey of mainland, barrier island and back-barrier hammock island locations around Sapelo Island and St. Simons Island, Georgia, in June-July 2005
I conducted a plant richness survey of 59 sites around Sapelo Island and St. Simons Island, Georgia, in June-July 2005. Sites were chosen to include a range of mainland, barrier island, and back-barrier hammock island locations. All sites were dominated by salt marsh plant species, primarily Spartina alterniflora. To provide a general indication of the salinity conditions prevailing at each site, I measured salinity of the nearest body of water with a refractometer on the date that the site was sampled. Plant richness was documented along a single 5.0m wide transect at each site. Each transect began at the lower elevational limit of vegetation and continued perpendicular to the water's edge to the shrub community at the upper marsh border. Plant presence was noted in a series of nested subplots within a 1.0m x 5.0m plot at each meter along the transect. The results posted here are sites, position, salinity, and the site pool, or species encountered at the site.
Plant richness survey of mainland and barrier island locations along the Texas Gulf Coast in April and May 2005
I conducted a plant richness survey of 49 sites on the Texas Gulf Coast in the Spring (April-May) of 2005. Sites were chosen to include a range of mainland and barrier island locations. All sites were dominated by salt marsh plant species, primarily Spartina alterniflora. To provide a general indication of the salinity conditions prevailing at each site, I measured salinity of the nearest body of water with a refractometer on the date that the site was sampled. Plant richness was documented along a single 5.0m wide transect at each site. Each transect began at the lower elevational limit of vegetation and continued perpendicular to the water’s edge to the shrub community at the upper marsh border. Plant presence was noted in a series of nested subplots within a 1.0m x 5.0m plot at each meter along the transect. The results posted here are sites, position, salinity, and the site pool, or species encountered at the site. This data set is a companion to PLT-GCET-0608, which provides similar data for sites around Sapelo Island, Georgia.
Historical shorelines for the Atlantic barrier islands of Virginia south of Chincoteague Inlet, 1949-2006
Historical shorelines for the Virginia barrier islands from Fishermans Island to Wallops Island were compiled from various remote sensing and ground-based sources. The COAST dataset (Dolan et al. 1978, Dolan et al. 1990) tabulated shoreline position based on historic aerial orthophotographs at transects spaced 50 meters apart located along the mid-Atlantic coast of the United States (South Carolina to New Jersey); only data for the Virginia barrier islands (1949-1988) are presented here. COASTS data are supplemented with more recent shoreline data digitized from aerial imagery (USGS 1994 and VGIN 2002) and collected with GPS (Fenster 2006). Baselines and transects used both to reconstruct the COASTS data and to produce shoreline positions and calculate shoreline rates of change using DSAS are also included. Note: there are some unresolved georeferencing issues that cause inconsistencies in the shorelines from different base data frames. Data from different data frames should be integrated with caution. Future versions of this dataset will resolve these issues.
LIDAR Derived Dune-Crest Elevation Values and Shrub Prediction Morphometrics for the Virginia Coast Reserve Barrier Islands: 2010 - 2017
This dataset includes LIDAR derived dune-crest elevation values for the VCR for 2010-2017. Dune-crest elevation values were sampled every 100 m from Smith to Cedar islands. The ArcGis Pro file includes the location of dune-crest transects. Additionally, this dataset includes island characteristics related to predicting shrub presence or absence for 2010, 2016, and 2017.
Even short‐distance dispersal over a barrier can affect genetic differentiation in Gyraulus, an island freshwater snail
<p>Supplementary dataset for a published paper, "Saito T., Sasaki T., Tsunamoto Y., Uchida S., Satake K., Suyama Y., <em>et al.</em> (2022). Even short‐distance dispersal over a barrier can affect genetic differentiation in <em>Gyraulus</em> , an island freshwater snail. <em>Freshwater Biology</em> <strong>67</strong>, 1971–1983. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.13990">https://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.13990</a>"</p>
Long-term N-fertilized vegetation plots on Hog Island, Virginia Coastal Barrier Islands, 1992-2014
This dataset contains results from a long-term fertilization study on the dunes of Hog Island, Virginia.
Beach Morphology of the Virginia Barrier Islands 1998, 2005 and 2009
Beach features (dune crest, dune toe and shoreline) extracted from LiDAR datasets and used in Dana Oster's 2012 M.S. Thesis at the University of Virginia. Also included are overwash probablities associated with a hypothetical storm similar to Hurricane Bonnie.Â
Shorelines and island boundaries for the Atlantic barrier islands of Virginia, 1851-2017
This dataset provides a shorelines (VBI-allshores.zip) and set of area polygons (VBI-allislands.zip) delineated from historical NOS t-sheet (1851-1962) and USGS satellite imagery (1994-2017) spanning the barrier islands of the Eastern Shore of Virginia in multiple GIS data layers. The VBI-allshores dataset provides a comprehensive set of historical NOS t-sheet (1851-1979) and satellite imagery (1980-2017) shorelines spanning the islands south of Assateague along the Virginia Eastern Shore in a single GIS data layer. This shoreline dataset compliments and overlaps other VCRLTER shoreline datasets for the Virginia barrier islands that contain historical shorelines derived from a combination of sources, including photointerpretation of aerial photos, satellite imagery, and LiDAR assessments (from USGS, NOAA, VITA-VGIN-VBMP, and others). The VBI-islands dataset provides a set of area polygons delineated from historical NOS t-sheet (1851-1962) and USGS satellite imagery (1994-2017) spanning the barrier islands of the Eastern Shore of Virginia in multiple GIS data layers.
Groundwater well data on Hog Island, Virginia Coastal Barrier Islands, 1990-2007
Groundwater well data on Hog Island, 1990-2007. For updated wirelessly-networked well data after July 2007 (the same wells and locations, but different technology and sampling interval), please see follow-up dataset VCR09169. DEPTH variables are the depth of the water below the ground surface. They are negative when water levels are below the surface and positive when the surface is flooded.� ELEV variables are the elevation of the water surface above mean sea level.
Figure 1 in A New Species of Metaprotella (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Caprellidae) from One Tree Island, Southern Great Barrier Reef, Queensland, Australia
Figure 1. Metaprotella lowryi sp. nov., holotype male, 7.08 mm, AM P.100147, and paratype female, 6.02 mm, AM P.100149, One Tree Island, Great Barrier Reef, Queensland, Australia, 23°29'05"S 152°04'07"E. Scale 1.0 mm.
Figure 2 in A New Species of Metaprotella (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Caprellidae) from One Tree Island, Southern Great Barrier Reef, Queensland, Australia
Figure 2. Metaprotella lowryi sp. nov., holotype male, 7.08 mm, AM P.100147, One Tree Island, southern Great Barrier Reef, Queensland, Australia, 23°29'05"S 152°04'07"E. L, left; LL, lower lip; MD, mandible; MX, maxilla, MXP, maxilliped; R, right, and UL, upper lip. Scale = 0.05 mm.
Figure 3 in A New Species of Metaprotella (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Caprellidae) from One Tree Island, Southern Great Barrier Reef, Queensland, Australia
Figure 3. Metaprotella lowryi sp. nov.: One Tree Island, southern Great Barrier Reef, Queensland, Australia, 23°29'05"S 152°04'07"E: A2, G1, G2 (M), P3–P7, holotype male, 7.08 mm, AM P.100147; G2 (M*), AB, paratype male, 8.59 mm, AM P.100148; G2 (F), paratype female, 6.02 mm, AM P.100149. A2, antenna 2; AB, abdomen; F, female; G1, gnathopod 1; G2, gnathopod 2; M, male; P3–P7, pereopod 1 to pereopod 7, respectively. Scale: G1, P3, P4, and AB = 0.1 mm; 0.2 mm for all others.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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OpenNeuro
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