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10 results for “bee colony growth”
Supplemental data Effects of imidacloprid exposure on honey bee colony growth and activity
To better understand how exposure to a low (5 ppb) concentration of imidacloprid affects honey bee colonies we conducted five field experiments involving a total of 54 bee colonies. In each experiment, bee colonies in one treatment group were fed sugar syrup adulterated with 5ppb imidacloprid over six weeks, and colonies in the other group were fed unadulturated sugar syrup over the same time period. Treatments were intended to simulate nectar collection by the colonies. No commercial agriculture existed within 10 km of the sites. We collected data from hive assessments, including adult bee mass and mass of food resources, and the total surface area of capped brood; and we collected data from sensors, including continuous hive weight, internal temperature and, for two years of the study, internal CO2 concentration. We measured Varroa mite fall before and after treatment each year of the study, and for 3 years of the study we measured the dry weight of newly-emerged adult bees.
Algal growth, bumblebee colony and individual development, bee behavior and yield of oilseed rape under a trophic cascade and extreme weather
<p><span>Trophic cascades in the aquatic environment constitute important mechanisms for improving water quality. However, how the presence or non-presence of these trophic cascades may affect interactions across the aquatic-terrestrial interface remains poorly investigated. Pollinators such as bees may be especially vulnerable to changes in water resource quality induced by trophic cascades. Understanding how aquatic trophic cascades affect bees and pollination becomes even more pressing under ongoing climate change due to increased physiological demands for water under extreme weather events.</span><span>In a novel field experiment combining terrestrial and aquatic mesocosms, we aimed to test how changes in water quality induced by an aquatic trophic cascade </span><span>affected foraging and growth of bumblebee colonies as well as foraging of solitary bees. While we expected fish predation to reduce top-down control of zooplankton on phytoplankton and thereby, indirectly, induce increased growth of toxic cyanobacteria</span><span>, we instead found the trophic cascade to induce the formation of algal surface mats that bumblebees used to access water under a severe heat wave and drought. This access to water was associated with higher bumblebee colony reproductive success, growth and weight compared to control colonies with no trophic cascade induced (and hence no algal surface mats). We also found marginal </span><span>but non-significant</span><span> effects on oilseed rape yield, but surprisingly with higher yields in the control treatment where bumblebees could not access water.</span><span>Our results provide new insights on how aquatic trophic cascades can lead to unpredicted ecological interactions across the aquatic-terrestrial interface facilitated by climate change. Our study highlights the importance of water for the fitness of terrestrial ecosystem service providers under altered environmental conditions.</span></p>
Data from: Urban heavy metal contamination limits bumble bee colony growth
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Algal growth, bumblebee colony and individual development, bee behavior and yield of oilseed rape under a trophic cascade and extreme weather
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Data from: Limitation of complementary resources affects colony growth, foraging behavior and reproduction in bumble bees
<p>Resource availability has been disturbed for many organisms in agricultural landscapes including pollinator species. Abundance and diversity in flower availability benefit bee populations, however, little is known about which of protein or carbohydrate resources may limit their growth and reproductive performance. Here, we test the hypothesis of complementary resource limitation using a supplemental feeding approach. We applied this assumption with bumble bees (<i>Bombus terrestris</i>), assuming that colony growth and reproductive performance should depend on the continuous supply of carbohydrates and proteins, through the foraging for nectar and pollen respectively. We placed wild-caught bumble bee colonies along a landscape gradient of semi-natural habitats, and monitored the colonies' weight, foraging activity and reproductive performance during the whole colony cycle. We performed supplemental feeding as an indicator of landscape resource limitation, using a factorial design consisting of the addition of sugar-water (carbohydrate, supplemented or not) crossed by pollen (protein, supplemented or not). Bumble bee colony dynamics showed a clear seasonal pattern with a period of growth followed by a period of stagnation. Higher abundance of semi-natural habitats resulted in reducing the proportion of pollen foragers relative to all foragers in both periods, and in improving the reproductive performance of bumble bees. Interestingly, the supplemental feeding of sugar-water positively affected the colony weight during the stagnation period, while the supplemental feeding of pollen mitigated the landscape effect on pollen collection investment. Single and combined supplementation of sugar-water and pollen increased the positive effect of semi-natural habitats on reproductive performance. This study reveals a potential co-limitation in pollen and nectar resources affecting foraging behavior and reproductive performance in bumble bees, and indicates that even in mixed agricultural landscapes with higher proportions of semi-natural habitats, bumble bee populations face resource limitations. We conclude that the seasonal management of floral resources must be considered in conservation to support bumble bee populations and pollination services in farmlands.</p>
Data from: Maize-dominated landscapes reduce bumble bee colony growth through pollen diversity loss
1. Bumble bees are important pollinators for a wide range of crops and wild plants. Performance of their colonies depends on pollen and nectar as food resources, but flowering plants are scarce in modern agricultural landscapes. It is well-known that semi-natural habitats can enhance floral resources and bumble bee abundance, but the impact of different crop types and their heterogeneity at the landscape scale remains unclear. 2. We tested the effect of two different crop types (oilseed rape (OSR) and maize) and of configurational (field border density) and compositional heterogeneity (crop diversity) on weight gain of buff-tailed bumble bee colonies (Bombus terrestris) colonies and the pollen diversity collected by them in 20 landscapes in Central Germany. 3. We found that augmenting maize cover had a detrimental effect on pollen diversity collected by the bumble bees, probably due to intensive management resulting in low plant diversity. This low pollen diversity translated into reduced colony growth, since colonies with high pollen diversity gained more weight than colonies with low pollen diversity. 4. In contrast, OSR cover, configurational and compositional heterogeneity did neither affect colony growth nor pollen diversity. However, for OSR the timing of the flowering period was important. When OSR fields had a high flower cover at the end of the OSR blooming period, colonies showed increased growth rates. 5. Synthesis and applications. Our results complement previous laboratory studies by showing that high pollen diversity leads to better colony performance under field conditions. Therefore, the maintenance of floral diversity in agricultural landscapes is crucial to ensure that bumble bees can fulfil their nutritional needs. However, the heterogeneity of crops, at least under the currently very low levels of crop rotation, does not contribute to this aim. In contrast, crop identity and timing of mass-flowering crops turned out to be important factors, as maize reduced pollen resources, while late blooming OSR oilseed rape was beneficial for bumble bee colonies. Hence, maize cover per landscape should be reduced and strategies to enhance landscape wide flower diversity, especially towards and after the end of oilseed rape bloom should be promoted to support bumble bee colonies that provide important pollination services.
Exposure to urban heavy metal contamination diminishes bumble bee colony growth
<p>As a result of their industrial past, legacy cites often have elevated concentrations of soil heavy metal contamination. Metal pollution can have negative and prolonged ecosystem impacts, and bees that forage in these urban ecosystems are at risk of exposure. Legacy cities are known to support species rich bee communities, which highlights the importance of determining the impact of heavy metal contamination on wild bee health. We examined how oral exposure to concentrations of four metals found within the provisions of bees foraging within Cleveland, Ohio, USA influenced colony growth of <em>Bombus impatiens</em> Cresson (Hymenoptera: Apidae), a common species within legacy cities across the eastern United States. Colony weight and brood survivorship were compared among hives fed uncontaminated sucrose solution (hereafter nectar), nectar spiked with one metal (arsenic, cadmium, chromium, or lead), and nectar containing all metals, after 15 or 30 d of exposure within flight tents. Across both exposure periods, we found a significantly higher proportion of dead brood in metal exposed hives. Additionally, colonies fed all four metals had a significantly higher proportion of dead brood than those fed a single metal. Our findings illustrate that even low, environmentally relevant concentrations of metals collected by B. impatiens in legacy cities can negatively influence bee colony growth. We highlight the need to identify metal exposure routes for bees in contaminated landscapes to minimize risk and bolster conservation habitat initiative success.</p>
Data from: Maize-dominated landscapes reduce bumble bee colony growth through pollen diversity loss
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Exposure to urban heavy metal contamination diminishes bumble bee colony growth
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Limitation of complementary resources affects colony growth, foraging behavior, and reproduction in bumble bees
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
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OpenNeuro
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